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UC-NRLF
B 3 MT2 IbT
LIBRARY
OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA.
Cla^s
THE TRAVELS AND LIFE OF
SIR THOMAS HOBY, KNIGHT
VOL. X. (h)
THE TRAVELS AND LIFE
OF SIR THOMAS HOBY, K^
OF BISHAM ABBEY, WRIT-
TEN BY HLMSELF. 1547-1564
EDITED FOR THE ROYAL
HISTORICAL SOCIETY BY
EDGAR POWELL
LONDON : OFFICES OF THE SOCIETY. 9 OLD
SERJEANTS' INN, CHANCERY LANE, W.C. 1902
PEEFACE
The manuscript of the following autobiography is contained in Account of
a small paper volume, bound in modern red leather, among the ^^^ ^^^'
Egerton MSS. in the British Museum, and is numbered 2148 in
that collection.
This volume, of which the folios measure about 8 inches by 6, con-
tains, firstly, a short pedigree of the descendants of Sir Thos. Hoby
followed by a note concerning the daughters of Sir Ant. Cooke,
signed ' B. M.' Then comes the autobiography of Sir Thomas, here
printed, occupying folios 5-182, after which, in the writing ot
one William Andrews, follows ' An exhortation unto death given
to my Lord and Master the Lord Russell when he laye upon his
death bedd in London. By Doctour Nowell, deane of Poules. 1584,'
and an account of the death and burial of Lord Russell by the
same hand. This is followed by a note of much later date de-
scribing the monument in Westminster Abbey to Elizabeth the
daughter of Lord Russell.
Folios 186-202 are occupied with a rather interesting
' Description of the State of Italy,' treated under the following
heads: — ' 1. The territories of every state; 2. Theirs jealous
quiett ; 3. Theire feare ; and 4. Theire depeiidancies and
appoyes,' which is written in a sixteenth-century hand, but not by
Sir Thomas Hoby.
As to the history of the manuscript, it can only be stated
that it seems to have passed into the Russell family on the
marriage of Sir Thos. Hoby's widow to Lord Russell, and then into
VI PREFACE)
the hands of Sir Edward Hoby, eldest son of Sir Thomas, in
whose writing, which curiously resembles that of his uncle Lord
Burleigh, are most of the side-notes. Probably from the days
of Sir Edward the volume remained at Bisham till towards the
close of the eighteenth century, when the estate, then heavily
encumbered, was alienated.
Be that as it may, the volume eventually came into the
possession of the late Richard Bentley, the publisher, from whose
executors it was purchased by the Trustees of the British Museum
at Sotheby's auction rooms, in December 1871.
Omissions in From the autobiography itself, folios 5-182 of the manuscript,
this edition want of space has necessitated the following omissions : — Firstly,
several epitaphs and monumental inscriptions, which were copied
by Hoby at various places during his travels on the Continent, have
been left out. In case, however, any one should wish to look at
these I give here a list of the places at which they were copied, and
the folio on which they will be found in the MS. : —
Epitaphs at Rome fol. 32, about
„ „ Naples „ 42, „
Messina
„ 70,
Catania
74,
Rouen
„ 112,
Mantua
„ 158,
8
pp.
16
2
1
4
1
2
There are also in the manuscript a great many side-notes in the
handwriting of Sir Edward Hoby, which, as they for the most part
consist merely of a repetition at the margin of such points in the
text as appeared to him to be of special interest, have been omitted.
There have also been omitted nine folios, 162-170 in the
MS., which refer to the Baths of Juno at Caldiero, near \'erona,
which Philip Hoby was taking to cure some ailment, and an account
of which his brother has inserted under the year 1555.
The most important matter here is a translation into Italian of
a Latin medical treatise on the Baths and their uses, by one
Alcardo di Pedemento da Verona, a physician ; there is also given
PREFACE vii
an analysis of the waters here, made in 1474 by ' Maestro Gerardo
di Bokleri da Verona.' Of these matters Hoby writes : ' Thus
much I found written of these baynes in an old booke that con-
tained the origion of the familie of Bandi of Verona.'
In the text which follows the reader will notice the use of a set Marks used
of curious marks, viz. ), 9, A, ^, J , $, J, being facsimiles of those ^ utioi.
prefixed by the author to the names of the various places through
which he passed in his travels, but of which he has given no ex-
planation. Probably they were meant to indicate the size or
population of each place ; certainly the first mark, ), does not
appear to be used for any of the larger towns, while the last and
most complicated, viz. ^, is reserved for the following towns: viz.
Antwerp, Augsburg, Cologne, Ferrara, Florence, Mantua, Messina,
Orleans, Paris, Rome, Siena, Spires, and Strasburg, which, according
to this theory, should be of somewhat the same size and importance.
The mark for Antwerp, however, is not always the same. The
numerals that stand in some cases before these curious symbols
are meant to give the number of days during which the author
stayed at the place so marked, while those that follow the figures
appear to give the consecutive numbers of the places visited by j^ .
him.' The MS., as distinct from the notes, was written throughout writing,
by Thomas Hoby, and from the beginning in 1517 up to the end of
the year 1554 has evidently been written out fairly and continuously.
From the last sentence under 1554 (p. 119), viz. ' The writing began
the xviij*^'' of November, I ended the ix^'^ day of Februarie follow-
ing, ' which is followed by a blauk page, we may gather that the
manuscript thus far was written out fairly duriug his stay at
Padua in the winter of 1554-55. From 1555 to the end both the
writing and ink vary considerably, as if written at different times.
' Certain explanatory words, chiefly proper names, have been inserted in the
text in square brackets. The curved brackets of the original MS. have been
retained. For the interpretations of several place-names and other valuable
suggestions the editor is indebted to Mr. C. Eaymond Beazley, of Merton College,
Oxford.
vm PREFACE
Historical "pj^g autobiography here printed begins in the year 1547 and
closes in 1564, and, for the period and subjects with which it
deals, is of considerable historical value. For though we may
regret that so much of the manuscript was taken up by details
which have only the interest which must attach to a sixteenth-
century guide-book, we also have here the reminiscences of a
young Englishman of exceptional ability, during a period of
seventeen years, of which a large part was occupied in travels on
the Continent of Europe.
The circumstances of the writer were indeed exceptionally
favourable, as his journeys were for the most part made under
the Eegis of his brother Philip, Ambassador at the Court of the
Emperor, and a diplomatist of ripe experience. The stories told
bring before us with considerable skill many interesting scenes in
which the writer himself took part, and important personages
with whom, during a period of exceptional political and religious
interest, he was brought into contact. Where it has been possible
to compare statements made in the autobiography with official
contemporary records I have found them to be correct.
family." ^ ^^'^^ pedigree of the Hoby family has been printed at consider-
able length by the late Dr. Howard in his ' Miscellanea,' ^ and
again by the Harleian Society in their edition of the ' Visitation of
Worcestershire in 1569.' In both these accounts the family is
represented as a very old one, with a descent from Welsh princes
and entitled to armorial bearings, which, if the documents printed
by Dr. Howard be trustworthy, were granted by the College of
Arms in consequence of a certificate from the gentlemen of the
county of Kadnor as to their validity and that of the pedigree they
represent, drawn up at the request of William and Thomas Hoby
in 1561,
' Misc. Gen. et Herald, i. 141.
PREFACE IX
The original ' Visitation of Worcestershire,' in the library of
the College of Arms, does not give the pedigree further back than
William, the father of Philip and Thomas Hoby, but the printed
pedigrees have so far the imprimatur of the College that the arms
to which they lay claim are registered, and these correspond with
the elaborate heraldic display which adorns the Hoby Chapel in
Bisham Church.
It is, moreover, a curious fact that Philip Hoby, before he was
knighted in 1544, had applied for and been granted by the
College ^ a totally different coat, being presumably in complete
ignorance of any belonging to his family. This coat, however, is
entirely suppressed in the Hoby Chapel at Bisham, where Philip
Hoby is represented on his tomb as bearing the same coat as his
brother Thomas.
All the above-mentioned pedigrees agree in stating that Philip
and Thomas were the sons of one William Hoby of Leominster, in
Herefordshire. Philip, the elder of the two, was born in 1505, Sir Philip
and Nash, quoting from a manuscript in the College of Arms,- "-'^"^•
says that he came up to Court under the auspices of Charles
Somerset, Earl of Worcester. Here his talent for affairs of State
was soon discovered, and as early as 1538 we find that he was
entrusted with important work in the diplomatic service. He also
held the office of Master of the Ordnance, and was made a Privy
Councillor under Edward VI., and in 1548 was appointed English
Ambassador at the Court of the Emperor. His sympathies were
strongly with the Reformation, but even in Queen Mary's reign we
find him employed in various financial and diplomatic missions
on the Continent, a fact which shows that his great abilities were
recognised both at home and abroad. After the dissolution of the
monasteries he was a pui'chaser of various Church lands in Wor-
cestershire, and in 1552 of the Bisham Abbey estate, in Berkshire
MSB. Ooll. of Ai-ms, F. 12, 78. - Nasha IMsl. Wore. i. 197.
X PREFACE
which on his death in 1558, without male issue, passed to his
younger brother.
Sir Thomas Thomas Hoby, the writer of the ' Travaile and Lief here
^"^' printed, was much younger than his brother Philip, having been
born in the yt^ar 1530. At the age of fifteen he went vip to
Cambridge, where the University Register records his matriculation
as a pensioner of St. John's College on May 20, 1545 ; but he does
not appear to have proceeded to any degree. After two years' work
at the University, where he was a pupil of the learned John
Cheke, he left Cambridge to travel on the Continent and take
up the study of foreign languages, with a view to a diplomatic
career.
In August 1547 he left London, travelling in the company of
John Abell, a London merchant in correspondence with Philip
Hobv, for Strasburg, where, as the guest of Martin Bucer, he
remained for nearly a year, reading classics and theology. During
the autumn of 1549 his brother, then resident Ambassador at
Augsburg, arranged that he should visit Italy, and during the fol-
lowing year we find him at Venice, Padua, and elsewhere, working
at the language and other subjects, yet finding time to see some-
thing of the best social life, both Spanish and Italian. Later he
travels southward to Rome, Naples, and through Calabria to Sicily,
returning by sea to Naples, whence in the spring of 1550 he
starts northward, and rejoining his brother at Augsburg accom-
panies him home, arriving in England in December 1550. His
education was now sufficiently advanced for his introduction to
Court life, which took place at Christmas 1550, when the King
was at Greenwich, and on the 1st of January following he entered
the service of the Marquis of Northampton.
In May 1551 he again goes abroad, this time to France, in
the train of the Marquis of Northampton, one of the commissioners
despatched to invest the French King with the Order of the Garter,
and returns to England the August following.
In 1552 and 1553 Thomas Hoby was again in Paris, at work
PREFACE XI
on his translation of Count Baldesar Castiglione's book, ' II
Cortegiano,' on which his literary fame, mostly depends, and which
took, says its latest editor, ' an assured place among the books of
that age and ran through four editions during the reign of Elizabeth.'
To quote again from Mr. Raleigh's introduction,^ ' Hoby's transla-
tion is conscientious, intelligent, and able,' . . . ' but his know-
ledge of the language was far from perfect.' . . . ' When censure
has said its last word the " Courtyer " as done into English by
Thomas Hoby is still the book of a great age, the age that made
Shakespeare possible.' The ' Courtyer ' was not, however, printed
till 1561, and the translator's stay of thirteen weeks in London,
during November 1560, was probably devoted to seeing it through
the press.
In 1558 Hoby rejoined his brother Philip at Brussels, and
at this date we learn the opinion formed of him by the
learned Roger Ascham, who, writing to Sir John Cheke from
Brussels in July 1553, thus speaks of him : 'Hie juvenis praeclare
ostendit ex cujus artificis prodierit ofEciua. Frater ejus Dommus
Philippus, vir prudentissimus, utitur eo, et utitur solo ad omnes
res pertractandas in hac Ctesaria Aula : in qua perfunctione, tam
opportune, diligenter, considerate, et tacite se gerit : ut illorum
seminum quas tu in eo puero Cantabrigife jecisti, non nascens jam
aliqua spes se proferat sed florens, eaque insignis maturitas, in eo
nunc adolescente facto sic emineat : ut recte quidem meo judicio
ipse faceres, si effeceris, ut is intelligat, te non solum ilium in hoc
cursu libenter cum voluptate spectare. sed ipsum tam praeclare
currentem cum aliquo etiam applausu incitare.' ^
In September 1553 we find Thomas Hoby back in England, and
in 1554 he again accompanies his brother, who was travelling into
Italy to take the baths at Caldiero, near Verona, from whence they
did not return to Eugland till the close of 1555.
' Hoby's Comiier. By Walter llaleigh. IDOU.
- Ascham's Lctfcra, lib. 3, No. xi.
Xll PREFACE
On the death of Sir Philip Hoby in May 1558 Thomas suc-
ceeded to tlie Bisham Abbey estate, a beautiful domain situate on
one of the prettiest reaches of the Thames, and in the following
month took to wife Elizabeth, one of the learned and accomplished
daughters of Sir Anthony Cooke of Gidea Hall, in Essex, Daring
the next six years he appears to have lived a good deal at Bisham,
where a son and two daughters were born to him, devoting him-
self to the improvement of his house and estate.
In the year 1557 we learn from the autobiography that Philip
Hoby had taken in hand some scheme of new buildings at Bisham
Abbey which must have been of considerable extent, since it is
not till four years later that we hear of its completion by Thomas,
who gives some interesting notes as to the nature and progress of
the work done.
The ' Mansion House ' at Bisham had been the residence of
Margaret, Countess of Salisbury,' whose arms, impaled with those
of her husband Sir Rich. Pole, are still to be seen there in the
council-chamber window ; but on her attainder in 1539 the King
reserved the place for his own use. In 1552, however, Sir Philip
Hoby was allowed to purchase it in fee farm, and the surveyor's
description of the house at that date is extant.-
According to this document it appears that the house consisted
of the present hall and council chamber, and a cloister which
formed a square, with several other rooms of which the exact
position is not given. It would seem probable that the cloister,
of which only one side now remains, extended eastward, as foun-
dations have been found of late years in that direction. Thomas
Iloby no doubt pulled down this cloister and the lodgings about it
and used the material for his large additions on the north side of
the hall, where he tells us the turret was built in 1560, The fact
also that his arms, impaling those of his wife, appear over the
' Mother of Cardinal Pole ; she was executed in 1541 : see Calendar of S. P.,
Dom., for 1539.
■■* Appendix, p. xvii.
PREFACE XIU
fireplace in the tapestry room seems to point to his being
responsible for the rooms on the south side of the hall as well.
The monastic baildings were quite independent of the Mansion
House, and were situated on the north side of it, nearer the moat,
where foundations may be clearly traced in a dry summer. It is
also interesting to note that as early as 1552 the Abbey hall and
church had been completely swept awa3^^ In 15G1 the new
structure appears to have been finished and the house to have
assumed very much its present form, and in the following year
the gallery was put up at the west end of the hall, decorated with
noblemen's arms, which unfortunately are not now visible.
With the year 1564 the autobiography closes, but Hoby's letters
preserved among the State Papers help us to trace his steps dui-ing
the last few months of his life. He was dubbed knight at Green-
wich on Sunday, March 9, 1566,^ and on the 15th of the same
month the Queen appointed him her Ambassador at the Court of
the French King, for whose capital he started early in April.
His journey was not very prosperous. He writes to Cecil from
Dover on April 7, saying that ' after much rain and foul ways
we came to Dover,' and that owing to his wife having had a
fall from her horse at Sittingbourne they were resting a day,
and hoping to start on the morrow ' for Dunkirk, Calais, or
Bologne.' ^
' On April 9 ' Hoby writes from Calais, which since its recapture
by the French was being newly fortified, relating a rather serious
incident and his own unsuccessful attempt to see the new fortifi-
cations. The story is best told in his own words. ' About the time
of our landing in Calice haven (which was iij of the clocke) a
souldier of the warde at the towne gate with his arquebuse shott
through oure flagg in two places, in the read crosse and in the
whit about it. I sent upon information thereof to Mounsier
' See Appendix, p. xix. ^ Metcalfe's Book of Knights.
■' &'. P., Dom., add. Eliz. 1566.
XIV PREFACE
D'Argos, Lieutenant . . . After supper came Mouns"" D'Argos,
wherupon walking together between the toune and the haven
we talked lirst of pleasant matters together, and once or twice
er we came to the Sandgate he made certain privie ofFres to
return back again the way we came. I, meaning to have some
sight of their new device of the haven that is brought into the
towne, would not take uppon me the understanding of his meaning
by enie privie signes, but walked still forward. When we were
come even to the verie gate, " Syr," quoth he, " there is no passage
enie farther, for there be certain things that way not for enie
stranger to have the view of." ' They then turn back, and Hoby
' opened unto him what discourtesie had bine shewed by their
men,' and after some fencing D'Argos at last replies, ' By the
morn I will see what I can do to bolt it out who it was.' '
The incident seems to have weighed rather heavily on the new
Ambassador, for he remarks somewhat pathetically later on,
' Beside this I note somewhat herbye of a hard beginning.' How-
ever the representative of the English Queen was not to be
insulted with impunity, and within a day or two D'Argos ' declared
he had set by the heels seven or eight suspect persons for shooting
through the flag.' ^
On April 25 he writes from Paris, and again on May 16,
relating how he had been over to ' St. Maure sur les Fosses ' to be
presented to the King. On his arrival his Majesty was at
dinner, so Hoby was first presented to the Queen Mother, and
soon after to the King, to whom he presented his letters of
credence from Queen Elizabeth. He thus describes the interview :
' The King at the opening of the letter, in stretching it out plaine
to be read, tore out a good peece of it, whereat the Cardinal of
Lorraigne smiled and seemed to make a scoff", and standing not
farre of, the better to decipher . . . cast continuallie a glerenge
upon her Majestie's letters, which when I perceaved I prevented
• S. p., Foreign, of Apr. 9, 1566. -' S. P., Foreign, Eliz., Apr. 11, 1566.
PREFACE XV
him, and somewhat (as it were unwitting of it) put myself betwixt
the King and him to stopp his sight.' '
During May and June 1566 he seems to have been engaged in
the ordinary routine business of his office, but his last letter,
according to the ' Calendar of State Papers,' is dated at Paris on
June 21. He died on -luly 13, 1566, having made his will only
the day before, in which he directs that his body should be con-
veyed to his parish church at Bisham, where he was buried on
September 2. No portrait of Thomas Hoby is known to exist,
though a full-length one of his wife is still at Bisham Abbey ; but
in the church alabaster recumbent figures of both the brothers
lie side by side over their tomb, on which are the following
lines : —
Two worthye Knightes, and Hobies bothe by name,
Enclosed within this marble stone do rest.
Philip, the fyrst, in Cassar's Court hathe fame
Such as tofore fewe legates like possest,
A diepe discoursing head, a noble brest,
A Courtier passing and a curteis Knight,
Zelous to God, whos gospel he profest
When gretest storm es gan dym the sacred light,
A happie man whom death hathe- now redeemed
From care to joye that cannot be esteemed.
Thomas in Fraunce possest the legate's jDlace,
And with such wisdom grew to guide the same
As had increst great honour to his race
Yf sodein fate had not envied his fame.
Firm in God's truth, gentle, a faithful frend,
Wei lemed and languaged ; nature besyde
Gave comely shape, which made ruful his end,
Sins in his floure in Paris towne he died,
S. P., Foreign, Eliz., May 18, 15G6.
XVI PREFACE
Leaving with child behind his woful wief,
In foreiii land opprest with heapes of" grief;
From part of which when she descharged was
By fall of teares which faithful wiefes do shead,
The corps with honour brought she to this place,
Perfourming here all due unto the dead.
That doon this noble tomb she caused to make
And both these brethern closed within the same,
A memory left here for vertue's sake,
In spite of death to honour them with fame.
Thus live they dead, and we lerne wel therby
That ye and we and all the world must dye.
T. B.
E. P., Novemher 1902.
To face page xvi
!IE FOBDUN.
„ dan. of = John, Lord
Jooke ; m. A^ Russell
27, 1558;
December
buried at
June 2,
EicHAED = Elizabeth
Of Badsey ; dau. of Ant.
m. May 13, Bustard, of
1560 ; d. Feb. Adderbury.
11, 1616.
Elizabeth
d. 1551.
Parker
= (1) Margaret, dau. of
Lord Hunsdon ;
It d. Nov. 1605.
= (2) Catharine, dau. of
Sir John Danver s.
b = Catharine Pinckney.
Sir Thos. Posthumus = Margaret, dau.
Of Hackwood, Yorks ; of A. Dakyns.
o.s.p.
I I
Elizabeth
d. inf.
Anne
d. inf.
Codington, of Brea-
m Nov. 29, 1687.
dau. and Philip =: Elizabeth, dau.
of Jo. Bapt. 1645; of of Tim. Tirrell,
ton. Neath Abbey, , of Shotover.
Glamorgan.
Kathakine
Mary = W. Fleetwood
Elizabeth
Kathaeine - Griff. Eice
J^d. Sept. 26,
1729.
ert, in Ireland ;
the baronetcy
,es went to Sir
3f Hoby.
DESCENT OF THE FA3IILY OF HOBY
Catherine Fosteb (1)
(2) CatheeiNe Fohdun.
Ann Horswell = William = Alice HodgWi
Of Hales, co. Glouoes-
tei- ; d. 1603, aged 103
(Atldns, Glauc.) ; will
proved P.C.C. (Hayes
• 24).
Sir Philip = Elizabeth, dftu. of
bn. 1505 ; ambassador^^Sir Walter Stonor,
at court of Charles V. ; of Wyrardisbury ;
of Bisham Abbey ; d. d. Aug. 25, 1560.
May 29, 1558; \vill
proved P.C.C. (Noodes,
24) ; o.s.p.m.
M-^GDALEN = Thomas Bigg
d. 1574, ^ of Norton,
aged 55.
Sir Thomas =Elizabetl^, dau. of = John, Lord
Ambassador at Pa-
ris 1566; of Bisham
Abbey; d. July 13,
1566, aged 36 ;
will proved P.C.C.
(Chrymes, 24).
RicHABD = Elizabeth
Gtles = (1) EUzabeth, dau.
d. 1626. of Lord Thos.
Powlett, ot Cos-
sin gton.
= (2) Anne, dau. of Sir
Thomas Clarke,
of Avington ; d.
1630.
William = (1) Katherine Fcr.
= (2) Mary, dau. of
Sir John Tracy.
I I I
Catharine = Wm. Rogers.
Barbara = Nich. Woodball.
Elizabeth = Geo. Stratford.
Sir Ant. fJooke ; m. -^ Russell
Of Badsey;
dau. of Ant.
d. 1551.
1st, June 27,1558;
TO. May 13,
Bustard, of
m. 2nd, December
1560 ;d. Feb.
Adderbui-y.
23, 1574 ; buried at
11, 1616.
Bisham i June 2,
1609.
Sir Edw.\ed = (1) Margaret, dau. of
Bapt. at Bisham 1560 ; Lord Hunsdon ;
knighted 1582 ; d. ajt d. Nov. 1605.
Queensborough MarclH =(2) Catharine, dau. of
1, 1616. His portrait Sir John Danvers.
at the age of 18 is afc = Catharine Pinckney.
Bisham, j ;
Pereobine Hoby = Catharine, dau. of Sir WiUiam podington, of Brea-
6, 1602 ; of Bisham Abbey ; sheriff of j more, Hants ; buried at Bishata Nov. 29, 1687.
buried at Bisham May 6, 1679.
dau.
A. Dakyns.
Sir Edwabd. Bart. = Elizabeth, dau. and
Bapt. March 27, 1634; coheiress of Fra
of Bisham Abbey ;
Baronet 1666 ;
Sept. 12, 1675.
Styles, of Little Mis-
j senden ; bmied at Bis-
ham Oct. 21, 1670.
John = Mary, dau. of Thomas
Bapt. Jan. 21, 1635 ; of i Long, of Wilts ; buried
Bisham Abbey; sue- ' Oct. 16, 1685, at Bis-
ceeded to baronetcy ham.
1676 ; d. May 16, 1702. ,
William
ill. 1637 ;
d. 1639.
Thomas
Bapt. 1641 ;
M.P. for Saru
1688-9.
Katuabine Henry, 5th Earl Stirling ; (2)
611.1669; o.s.p. 1739. hn. Aug. 4, 1667;
d, 1670. buried at Bisham
Oct. 10, 1694.
I ^
(1) John
Buried Dec.
1689.
Su- Thomas, Bart. ;
bn. Oct. 2, 1685 ; of
Sir Thomas, Bart.
[.P. for Marlow ; of Bisham Abbey ; d. unmarried
June 1, 1744.
I
Sii- Phiup, Bart.
Clerk in Holy Orders ; Dean of Ardfjert,
d. unmarried June 29, 1766, when
became extinct, and the Bisham esta
John Mill, Bart., who took the name
Philip = Ehzabeth, dau.
Bapt. 1645 ; of of Tim. Tirrell,
Neath Abbey, ' of Shotover.
= "\V. Fleetwood
E = Griff. Rice
^d. Sept. 26.
1729.
Ireland ;
the baronetcy
went to Sir
APPENDIX TO PEEFACE.
Augmentation Office.
Particulars of Grant Ed. VI., No. 1699.
Jlemorandum. — That T, Sir Philip Hobbye, Knight, require to have
of the King's Majesty in farme to me and mine heirs for ever the
particuler parcells hereunto annexed, yelding to his Majestic his heirs
and successors Ixi li. xix s. viij d.
In wytnes whereof to this bill I have subscribed my hand and
sette my seale the xx of Novembre in the sixthe yere of the Reigne of
our Soveraigne Lord King Edward the Sext.
Phelyp Hoby.
Com. Barks.
■ Parcella possessionum nuper Monasterii de Bissham alias Buscles-
ham Montague modo in manibus prsenobilis dominte Annje de
Cleave per invictissimum principem celeberrimte memoria; Henricum
Oetavum nuper Regem Anglife sibi per litteras suas patentes concessa
pro termino vitse ejusdem Annje si eadem domina Anna tam diu infra
fxoc regnum Anglife permanserit seu habitaverit.
Buscelsham Montague et Cookham in dido comitatu.
Memorandum. — The parsonage is parcell of the value granted to Mr.
Weldon.
Redditus assisse omnium tenentium ibidem tam libere quam cus-
tumarie solvendi ad festa ibidem usualia per annum
xxviij li. iij s. iiij d.
Firma certarum terrarum ibidem vocatarum Warderobes et
Bakfordes per annum Ixvj s. viij d.
Firma scitus nuper monasterii sive Abbatie ibidem cum terris pratis
pasturis eidem pertinentibus dimissa Thomse Weldon armigero per
indenturam ad terminum annorum, reddendo inde per annum
xxxiij li.
VOL. X. (h) a
APPENDIX TO PEEFACE.
Augmentation Office.
Particulars of Grant Ed. VI., No. 1699.
3femorandum. — That T, Sir Philip Hobbye, Knight, require to have
of the King's Majesty in farme to me and mine heirs for ever the
particuler parcells hereunto annexed, yelding to his Majestic his heirs
and successors Ixi li. xix s. viij d.
In wytnes whereof to this bill I have subscribed my hand and
sette my seale the xx of Novembre in the sixthe yere of the Reigne of
our Soveraigne Lord King Edward the Sext.
Phelyp Hoby.
Com. Barks.
Parcella possessionum nuper Monasterii de Bissham alias Buscles-
ham Montague modo in manibus prsenobilis dominse AnnjB de
Cleave per invictissimum principem celeberrimse memoria; Henricum
Octavum nuper Regem Anglise sibi per litteras suas patentes concessa
pro termino vitne ejusdem Annte si eadem domina Anna tam diu infra
hoc regnum Anglije permanserit seu habitaverit.
Buscelsham Montague et Cookhavi in dicto comitatu.
Memorandtim. — The parsonage is parcell of the value granted to Mr.
Weldon.
Redditus assisse omnium tenentium ibidem tam libere quam cus-
tumarie solvendi ad festa ibidem usualia per annum
xxviij li. iij s. iiij d.
Firma certarura terrarum ibidem vocatarum Warderobes et
Bakfordes per annum Ixvj s. viij d.
Firma scitus nuper monasterii sive Abbatie ibidem cum terris pratis
pasturis eidem pertinentibus dimissa Thomse Weldon armigero per
indenturam ad terminum annorum, reddendo inde per annum
xxxiij li.
VOL. X. (h) a
XVlll APPENDIX TO PREFACE
Firma piscacionis cujusdam acqutv; ibidem dimissa Johanni Tytly
generoso per dictam dominani Aunam ad terminum annorum, reddendo
inde per annum xiij s. iiij d.
Perquisita curite ibidem cum finibus releviis heriettis et amercia-
mentis communibus annis vj s. viij d.
Com. Barks.
Bvstellsliam MonteaaUe, alias Byssham.
Parcell of the possessions of Margaret, late Countess of Sarum, of
high treason atteyntede.
The mansion howse or capitall mese there, wherein the saide late
Countes of Sarum sometyme inhabited, is situate nere unto the Ryver
of Thamys and adjoininge to the seite of the late monasterie there,
being buylded partely of stone and partely of tymber and covered with
tyles, wherein is conteyned a hall with a chembney, and at the lower
end of the same is a pantery, a butery, a kechyne, a larder, and a lytell
woodyarde. At the over end of the same assendinge by a fayre half
pace is a greate chamber with an inner chaml)er and vj other chambers
and logging uppon a quadrante, and underneath these chambers at the
foote of the said hallf pace is a wyne seller [and] a quarante cloyster
with certeyne small loggings on every side of the same, the which
cloyster ledeth unto ij lytell garden plottes whereof the one conteyneth
at either end Ix foote and at eitherside Ixxviij foote ; the other garden
conteyneth at either ende iiij^"^ iiij [84] foote and at either side cxxxiij
foote. Is worth by the yere towardes the reparacions and mayntenance
of the same vj li.[xiij s. iiij d.
In reparacion of the saide mancon howse and kepenge of the same
communibus annis cs.
Et valet clare per annum xxxiij s. iiij d.
Memorandum. — The said mancon house standeth viij myles distanto
from the castell of Wyndesor, and was reserved for thaccesse of the
King's Majestie.
Delivered to Philip Hoby, Knight, vij die Novembris 1552.
Ex. per me, Rogerum Amyce.
Com. Barks.
Parcell of the late Monastery of Bustelisham Montegue, being no
parte or parcell of Mr. Welldon's lease.
Bustelisham Montegue.
The scite of the late Monastery there, whereof is standing the late
prior's lodgings, buylded of tymber and brick and covered with tyles,
sette betwene the Thamys and the Mancon howse of the late Countes
APPENDIX TO PREFACE XIX
of Sarinn, wherein is a lytell halle, a parloure within the same, a small
ketchyn and a prety pantery with iiij chambers ovci' the same ; also
the covent kitchyne with an entry leading from the seid prior's
lodginge to the same ; also a garden plotte lyeng betwene the seyd
kechyn, the late prior's lodgings, and the maltinge howse ; also the
churchyarde and soyle where the Abbey halle and churche late stode,
being now altogether defaced ; also certeyne lodgings, parcell of the
scite of the seid late Monastery, standing on the north parte of the
cowrte before the hall dore, together with one orcherde wherein
standethe a dove house, whiche dove house is letten l)y lease among
other things unto Thomas Weldon, Esquior, and also a close called the
covent garden, conteyning by estymacion viij acres. Is worth by yere
XXXV s. iiij d.
In reparacions of the same — communibus annis xiij s. iiij d.
Et valet clare per annum xxij s.
Memorandum. — The seid scite together with the JNIancon howse of
the late Countes of Sarum was reserved for the accesse of the King's
Majestie out of the lease made to Mr. Weldon of all the demaynes
belonging to the same, notwithstanding one [Christopher] Allen, to
whom the said Mr. Weldon hath assigned the said lease, clameth the
said scite and also the covent close to be parcell of the same lease ; the
which lease I coulde not see.
Item : [Robt] Figge, deputye to the said Allen, hath spoyled & caried
awey from owt of the scite of the seid late Monastery all the seelings,
being wenyscote of one parlour and a chamber over the same, and also
x dores with divers lokks, glasse and iron, beside divers other things.
Ex'' per me, Rogerum Amyce.
A BILL OF TRANSPORTACION CHARGS, DYETTS AND OTHERS, TO BE ALLOWED
TO THE LaDYE HoBYE, WYFFE TO SiR ThO. HoBYE, KNIGHT, DECEASED
LATE THE QuENE's MaJESTYE's EMBASSADOR IN FrAUNCE.
[Add. MSS. No. 18764 Brit. Mus.]
li. s. d.
Inprimis payed for the transportacion of Sir
Thomas Hobye's stuff from London to Rhoane
by longe seas, at his going over into Fraunce vi xiij iiij
Payed more for the caryage of the same from
Roane to Parys, a»id for the chargs of them
that went with it . . . . . . xiiij vj vii]
XX
APPENDIX TO PREFACE
d.
Payed for xx'>' horses from London to Gravesend,
xx^Jmyles, and from t.liens to Rochester, vmyles,
and from thens to Caunterburye, xx'> myles,
and from tliens to Dover, xij myles ; after j''
the myle, in toto Ivij'^' myles ....
Payed for ij shippes from Dover to Calys
Payd for the posting of xx*y persons from Calyce
to Parys, being xviij posts at xv souz the horse
accordyng to the King's rate ....
Payed from Parys to S*^ INlaur de Fosses, being one
post ........
P' to the marchaunts post for carying a packett
of letters to Mr. Secretary the xxv'^ of April
P' for bringing a packett owt of England of the
iiij of Maye .......
P' for an other of the xxvj^' of Maye .
P' for the sending of a packett of the x'^ of June
P'l for the lyke of the xi'^ of the same .
P' for the bringing of the Quene's Majesty letters
of the vi> of June ......
P^' for a packett brought of the xxvij of June
Payed for the chargs of his Secretaryes repayring
and contynewing abowt the Court at severall
tymes from the xvj'' of Maye untill the x'^ of
Julye ........
Payd for Roger's my servaunt's charges ryding
into Bryttayne and Normandye abowt the
Quene's Majestye's affayres ....
Item for Seton my servaunt's charges riding in
post into England to certefye the death of my
husband, and returning agayne with letters .
Item pd for horse hyer for my self and my trayne
from Parys to Boleigne at my returne home-
ward ........
P'' for my transportacion with my trayne from
Boleigne to Dover by shippe ....
P'' for horse hyer for my self and trayne from
Dover to Byssham ......
P' for the carying of my stuff from Parys to
Rhoane with their chargs that went with yt .
P'' for the lyke charge from Rhoane to London .
Summa
wherof received in prest
et remanent .
IX
vj
XX xij
vj
■'iij
x [sicj
X
VllJ
XXXV
xij
vj
vj
xij
XX
xiij
"1]
IX
XVllj
%aij
\]
X
vii[i
clxix
xiiij
^'iij
Ixvj
xiij
i"j
ciij
xvj
APPENDIX TO PREFACE XXI
li. S. d.
More for xviij dayes' dyett after iij^' vj* viij'
by the daye, viz. from the xvj of August
inclusive, untill the seconde of September, on
which daye my husbands was buryed . . Ix
More for intelligencs to sundry persons and
espiall at severall tymes .... xiij vj viij
Summa totalis
Xllj
VJ
.xxvj
viij
xxj
x
cliiij
xviij
unde for fytz williaras
et sic clare for my lady
Memorandum there is to be payed owt of the sayd
somme unto Hugh Phitz williams, so much
moneye as is dewe unto hym by the Quene's
Majesty e's warrants untill the sayd seconde
daye of September 1566, viz. .... xxj x
[Endorsed ] Elizabeth Hobye.
Draft op a Letter prom Queen Elizabeth to Lady Hoby.
[State Papers, Foreign, Eliz., July to August 1566 (P.K.O.)]
Madam, — Although we here that sence the deth of your husband,
our late ambassador, Sir Thomas Hobby, you have receaved in France
great and comfortable courtesyes from the French Kyng, the Queen
Mother, the Queen of Navarr, and sondry others, yet we make accompt
that all these leade to gither can not so satisfy you as some pour
testymony of our favor with the approbation of the late service of
your husband and of your owne demeanor ther. Wherfor though you
shall receave it somewhat lately in tyme, yet we assure the same
procedeth only of the late knolledg of your retorn, and therfor we
lett you know that the service of your husband (was to) us so accept-
able, as next your(self and your) children, we have not the meanest
loss of so hable a (servant) in that callyng, and yet sence it hath so
plesed Almighty God to call hym in the entry of this our service, we
take it in the better part, seing it hath appered tobe God's pleasure to
call hym awey so favorably to the service of hym specially in the
constansy of his duety towards God, wherin we here saye he dyed very
comendably. And for your self we can not but lett you know that we
here out of France such singular good reports of your duety well
accomplished towards your husband, both ly vyng and deade, with other
XXll APPENDIX TO PREFACE
your sobre, wise and disci-et behaviors in that court and country, that
we thynk it a part of gret contentation to us and a comendation of our
country that such a gontillwonian liath gyven so manifest a testymony
of virtue in such liard tynies of adversite as none can be gretur lost
ther, . . . and thorfor thougli we thougnt \ery well of you befor (yet
shall we hereafter make a more assured account of your virtues and
gifts, and wherin soever we may conveniently do you pleasure you
may be thereof assured. And so we would have you to rest yourself
in quietness with a firm opinion of our especiall favour towards you.
Given under our signet at oui- city of Oxford the of September,
1566, the eight of our Reign.
Your loving fi-iend,
Elizabeth R.)
[The above letter, with various corrections, is in the handwriting of
Cecil. The portions now missing from the original have been supplied
in brackets from the rather inaccurate copy printed in Ellis's ' Letters.']
Letter from Sir Philip Hoby to Sir William Cecil.
[Lansdowne MSS. 3, fol. 113 (Brit. Mus.)]
After my hartiest commendations I have bene often tolde of your
comming to Bissham, whiche I have of tener looked for, and that also to
have bene before this time. What shulde staie you I knowe not, but
well am I assured that I have not heard one make so many promesses,
and performe so fewe. Peradventure my Lady staieth you, who you
will saie cannot ride ; thereto will I provide this remedy to sende her
my coche, bicause she shall have the lesse travaile thither, and you no
excuse to make. Let me knowe by this bearer whan I shall looke for
you at Bissham, that my coche may come for her, for other wise if ye
come not there will chaunce a greatter matter then ye yet knowe of.
Make my commendations to my Lady, I praie you, and till I see you
at Bissham I byd you bothe farewell. From Wreysbury, the first of
July, 1556.
Your owne assuredly,
Philyp Hoby.
[Endorsed]
To the right worshipfull and my very frend Sir William Cicill,
knight, at Wimbildon.
CONTENTS
Frontispiece : Autograph letter of Sir Thos. Hoby
Title — Travels and Life of Sir Thos. Hoby, Kt.
Preface, pp. v-xvi
Pedigree of Hoby Family, to folloio p. xvi
Appendix to Preface :
Particulars of Grants (Description of Bishara Abbey, 1552), xvii
Transportation charges allowed Lady Hoby, xix
Letter from Queen Elizabeth to Lady Hoby, xxi
Letter from Sir Ph. Hoby to Sir W. Cecil, xxii
Journey to Germany and Italy and back, pp. 3-64,
1547. Strasburg, 3-(J
1548. Augsburg, 7
1549. Venice, 8 ; incidents at, 14, 15 ; Englishmen in, 8
Padua, 9, 17 ; jousts at, 15
Mantua, state entry of Philip of Spain, 11
Florence, 18
Siena, 19 ; rebellion in England, 21
1550. Kome, 23 ; election of pope, 26
Eome to Naples by sea, 26
Naples and district, 28-37
Naples through Calabria to Messina, 37-45
Sicily, 45-50
Syi'acuse to Naples by sea, 50-52
Amalfi, hospitality of Marquis Capestrano, 53
Naples to Eome, 56-60
Siena and Venice, 61
Venice to Antwerp, by Augsburg and the Rhine, 61-64
Eeturn to England, 64
Journey to Chateaubriant and back, pp. 66-74.
1551. List of Commissioners and Lord Northampton's train, 66
Henri II. invested with Garter, 69
Henri II. enters Nantes in state, 70
Eeturn to England, 74
XXIV CONTENTS
Journey to Paris and Brussels and back, pp. 77-96.
1552. Translation of ' II Cortegiano,' 78
Events in Germany, 78-85
List of French peers, 85-88
Notes on Houses of Bourbon, 88 ; Milan, 89 ; Savoy, 89; Lorraine, 90
1553. Marriage of Horatio Farnese at Paris, 91
Audience with Charles V. at Brussels, 94, 95
Return to England, 96
Coronation of Queen Mary, 96
Executions in England, 97, 98
1554. Sir Thos. Wyatt's rebellion, 97
Death of John Frederick, Duke of Saxony, 97
Dialogue between Feckenham and Lady Jane Dudley, 98
Lady Jane's exhortation to her sister, 101 ; and her words at scaffold, 102
Journey to Italy and back, pp. 104-126.
Brussels, 104 ; Canstatt, 108 ; list of free cities, 109
Goppingen, baths at, 110 ; Augsburg, 111
Munich, 112 ; Innsbruck, 113
Padua, 116 ; Mantua, 118
1555. Death of Pope JuUus III., 120 ; Caldiero, baths at, 120
Lago di Garda, 120 ; audience with King of Romans, 122
Mainz, English church at, 123 ; Wesel, Duchess of Suffolk at, 124
The Rhine and Antwerp, 123-125; list of custom houses on Rhine, 125
Return to England, 126
1556-1564. Events in England, domestic affairs, and notes about the buildings at
Bisham, 126-130
General Index, 131
A BOOKE
OF
THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF OF ME
THOMAS HOBY
W DIVERSE THINGS WOORTH THE NOTINGE
Cyprian de duplici Martyrio.— At non credit in Deum qui non
in eo solo collocat totius faslicitatis suaj fiduciam.
But he beleoveth not in God w placeth not in him onely y con-
fidence of all his felicitie.
The yeers in this hoohe begyne upon Newyers day, accordynge
to the Bomysh comjnitationr,.
VOL. X. (h)
r
a
^^^
<l
^
t
"^^ ^^4
v^^^
^^
Oo
A BOOKE OF
THE
TRAVAILE AND LIEF OF ME THOMAS HOBY
My Journey from the Toure of London in the Mooneth of
August a" 1547, 2° E'* G, into Germanie with John Abell.'
9 From Calice to Gravelings [Gravelines].
9 from tliens ,, Dunkerke [Dnnkerque].
9 „ ,, „ Newport [Nieuport].
0 „ „ „ Brugs [Bruges].
9 ■ ,, ,, ,, Stekiu [StekeneJ.
i ,, ,, ,, Antwerp.
6 >5 55 ^) Lovain.
9 ,, ,, „ Peroway [Perwez].
) ,, ,, „ Corsiale.
9 ,, ,, „ Richfort [Roclifort].
9 55 ) 5 M St. Hubert.
) From thense to Burwaye.
6 ,, ,, ,, Verdune.
) ,, ,, ,, Novyliacon [Nouill}^].
9 ,, ,, ,, Vylserlon [Ville sur Iron].
d „ „ „ Metz.
) ,, ,, ,, Senterfure [S. Epure].
9 5' " '5 Aynchming [Ensming].
) ,, ,, ,, Solwerclen [Saarwerden].
9 ,, ,, ,, Sabern [Zabern].
$ „ „ „ Strasburgh.
' John Abell. A London merchant of this name is mentioned bj- Strype as an
exile for his religion in 1554.
B 2
4 A BOOKE OF THE TKAVAILE AND LIEF [lo47
Here I arryved tlie xvj"' of October and remayned in Mr.
Martin Bncer's ^ house, who was a man of no less integritie and
purnes of lyving then of fame and learning. Him heard I in the
iSchooles in Divinitie, and sometime Peter Martir,^ Sturm in s ^
in humanitie, Paul us Fagius "* in Hebrue, and Dasipodius in
Greeke, who in their faculties were the best learned of their time.
Abowt the moneth of December Mr. Peter ]\Iartir, Bernadinus
Olchinus, and Jhon Abell went into England together. In January
15'1'8 William Thomas^ cam this waye owt of Italy e towards
England. Also S'' Thomas Wyat ** arrived here to go towards Italye.
Bucer and P. Fagius died afterward in England, whose deaths
were not so much lamented of all menn as their lyves desired, and
yet so lamented that they were celebrated throwghowt the wholl
Universitie of Cambridge, both with orations and all kinde of
verses in all three tungs after their deathe.
This yere in the warr that the Emperor '' made against the
Germanes, was the Duke of Saxonye taken prisoner. And the Lant-
grave cain and yehled him unto th'Emperor as his prisoner, and
were kept severally, the on was putt in prison in Vilfort in
Flaunders, and the other folowed alwaies the court, having a great
garde of Spaniards appointed to attend upon him. Th'Emperor was
alwaies in hand withe him to make him choung his religion,
promising him lyfe gooddes and libertie. But his constancie could
never be corrupt for no faire proferr he made him.
' Martin Bucer, born at Strasburg 1491 ; embraced the teachings of Luther,
1521 ; professor of theology at Strasburg ; came to Cambridge as teacher of
theology in 1549, and died there in 1551.
- Peter Martyr, born at Florence 1500 ; joined the Reformers at Zurich 1542 ;
came to England 1547; professor of divinity at Oxford 1548. (Wordsworth, Ecc.
Biog.)
' Sturmius. Jean Sturm, born 1 507, died 1589 ; a well-known classical and
theological author, and a correspondent of Eoger Ascham.
■• Paulus Fagius, born at Antwerp 1504 ; came to England with Martin Bucer ;
died at Cambridge 1549.
■^ William Thomas, a well-known Italian scholar; Clerk to the Council of
Edward VI. He took an active part in Sir Thomas Wyatt's insurrection, for which
he suffered death. (D.N.B.)
" Sir Thomas Wyatt, of AUington Castle, Kent; leader of the insurrection,
1553-4, against the Spanish marriage, for which he was executed.
' The Emperor Charles V., nephew to Catharine of Aragon Queen to
Henry VTTI., and cousin to Queen Mary of England.
1547] OF THOMAS HOBY 5
Electors of th'Empire by inheritance and succession are these
folowing : —
The Archebisshoppe of Mentz [Mainz] and Maddeburg [Mag-
deburg], highe chauncelor of th'Empire ;
The Archebisshope of Collen [Cologne] ;
The Archebisshope of Trier [Treves] ;
The Phaltzgrave of the Rh}Tie Duke of upper and nether
Bavire [Bavaria] ;
The Duke of Saxonye landgrave in Duringen and Marques of
Meysson, highe Marshall of th'Empire ; The Marques of Branden-
burg, Duke of Stetin Poniern. and Wenden, highe chamberlain of
th'Empire. And yf of these sixe, three holde of on side and the
other three of an other, then is the King of Boheme appointed to
adjudge and determine the matter as he shall think most expedient,
eyther on the on part or on th'other.
Jhon Friderick, after th'Emperor had taken him, was deprived
of this electorshippe, and Duke Maurice, who had assisted th'Emperor
in these his affaires of Germanye, was created Elector and putt in
possession of most part of the townes of Saxonye belonging to that
his electorshipp.
1548.
When Bucer had finisshed the little treatise ^ he made unto
the churche of England in answere to Stephan - Bisshoppe of
Wynchester's railing epistles unto him, I translated it ymediatlie
' The title of this translation of Bueer's work, which was printed in 1549, runs
thus : ' The gratulation of the mooste famous clerk M. Bucer, a man of no
lesse learning and lyterature then Godlye Studie and example of lyving, vnto the
Church of England for the restitution of Christes relegion. And Hys answere
unto the two raylinge epistles of Steuen Bisshoppe of Winchester concerninge
the unmaried state of preestes and cloysterars, wherin is evidently declared that it
is against the lawes of God, and his churche to require of all suche as be and
must be admitted to preesthood to refrain from Holye Matrimony.'
' To his right worshypfull Brother SyrPhillyppe Hobye Knight M. of y" Kinges
maiesties Ordinaunce, Thomas Hobye wishethe grace & peace, through our lorde
Jesus Christe.
' Imprinted at London by me, Eichard Jugge, dwelling in the nourthe dore of
Poules.'
- Stephen Gardiner, master of Trinity College, Cambridge ; Bishop of Win-
chester 1531 ; deprived 1550 ; restored 1553 and made Lord Chancellor.
6 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1548
into Eiiglishe and sent it to iny brother, where it was put in print.
Abowt the beginning of this yere, th'p]mi)eror (desirous to plant the
olde churche of Babilon in Germanye again), with theassemblye of
the Electors and other princes of Germanye begann a diete at
Ausburghe, where they concluded among them the ' Interim ' to bee
used from thense furthe throwghowt all Germany ; that is to saye
certain pointes of religion whiche commaunded a meane kinde of
doctrine betwext the papistes and Luthere's opinion, untill such
time as the great Counsell shuld be held generallye at Trent, there
to agree upon an unifbrmitie to be observed in all Germanye.
This kind of Interim lasted in the countreyein his full force abowt
a V yeres, (the counsell all this while being differred and lingred
from time to time), and afterward the people returned to their
accustomed preachings again, when a little adversitie was happened
unto th'Emperor by Duke Maurice his meane mingled with so
muche prosperitie of his in former time, as in the yere 1552, shall
more evidentlie appeare.
At suche time as my brother, sent by the King's Majesty
Ambassador towards th'Emperor, was arrived at Auspurghe,
I departed from Strasburg as soon as I understood by
letteres from him his minde was I shuld repaire to him thither.
Leaving behind me there Mr. Christopher Hales, Mr. Richard
Sadler, Mr. Jhon Aucher,^ Mr. Jhon Cobham, with Jhon Abell,
Richard Hill, and John Bourcher. This was the last time that
ever I sawe Mr. Bucer, but afterward at times I receaved letteres
from him. This Interim was not in my time receaved in Argen-
tine, for that Mr. Bucer bothe writt and spake earnestlie against
yt, yeven in Auspurck after he was sent for thither under th'Em-
peror's saveconduct, and at his return preached openlye that in
case they receaved it, they shuld liese him, as they did at lengthe :
for he went from thense into England.
I departed towards Ausprughe the fourthe of Julye in mye
jorneye as folowethe : —
) From Strasburghe to Bisshont [Bischeim ?]
) ,, thense to Ingamnawght [?]
J-) ,, ,, „ Rostat [Rastatt]
3 „ „ „ Etlingen [Ettlingen] .
) ,, ,, ,, Fortzon [Pforzheim] .
' John Auchcr. Probably son of Sir Anthony Aucher.
?]
i"=
•
See infrc
, p. 127
1548]
OF THOMAS HOBY
) From thense to Hamerting [Heimerdingen]
Canstat [Cannstatt]
Geppingen [Goppingen]
Hal bee [Albec]
Geinsbrucke [Giinzburg]
Ausbrucke [Augsburg]
iiij'^
ijle
Here I arrived within fowre dayes after my setting forwarder,
where I found my brother lodged in a house that was onse a
monasterye called St. George. By this was a churche of protes-
tants, where on John Mfecardus was preacher. Th'Emperor was
here lodged in the Folkers' ' house and had assembled together the
king of Romanes his brother, Maximilian the King's sonn, which
^vent into Spaine, where he married th'Emperor's daughter, the olde
Duke of Bavire, certain of the Electors with sundrie other princes
of Germany e.
A little before this time was the Interim begun to be observed
in all the citie ; saving in a fewe protestant churches which at time
of service were replenisshed full of people, whereas at the other
churches cam verie fewe. I was sent for hither to have goone into
Italye with Mr. Harry Williams, who was departed before mine
arrivall, and the v*"" of August set forward thitherward as
folowethe : —
My Jorney into Italye
6 From Ausburg to Lansberg [Landsberg]
6 ,, Lansberg to Fietze [Fiissen ?] .
Vi'«
vile
Here bee Bellies of Lutes made in most perfection and from
hense bee sent to Venice and sundrie other places.
9 From Fietze to Barbist [Barwies] "'^
3 ,, thence ,, Innspruck
A „ „ „ Matra [Matrey]
) ,, „ „ Stertzing ._
6 ,, ,, ,, Prixen [Brixen]
) ,, ,, ,, Klausen .
) ,, ,, ,, Culman [Kollman]
iiij'
iiij''
' The Folkers' House. Probably the house of Antoine Fugger, the great
financier, to whom Charles often had recourse for large loans of money. Folkers'
silver mines are mentioned.
8 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1548
9 From tliense to Botzen [Bozeu] .... iij'"^
A ,, ,, „ Nueumark [Neumarkt] . . iij'''
9 „ „ „ Trent . . . . . iiij>"
A „ „ „ Pergini [Pergine] . . . v'"'
Here beginn the miles and accompt v'"' to the Dutch league.
A From thense to Lievigo [Levico] . . . v*"'
) „ n „ Borgo . ^ . . . . viij">'
A ,, ,, ,, Castel Novo [Castelnuovo] . ij"*'
A „ ,, ,, Grinio [Grigno] . . . vij™'
A „ „ „ Scala v""'
A ,, „ ,, Symon [Cismon] . , . iij™'
A ,, ,, ,, Carpinea [Car pane] . . • vj*^'
9 ,, ,, ,, Bassan [Bassano] . . . vj™'
This jorney hitherto shalbe better sett furthe and more at large
with all circumstances in the yere 1554.
9 From thense to Castelfranco .... x™'
6 „ „ ,5 Treviso xv*"'
) ,, „ ,, Margera [Malghera] . . xij™'
Q ,, ,, ,, Venice by water . . . v"'
Here I laye in Mr. Edmund Harvell's ' house, Ambassaodr
resident for the King's Majesty, where I found also Mr. Jhon
Yong, with whom I laye, Mr. George Speake, Mr. Thomas Fitz-
williams, Mr. Thomas Straung, and dyverse other Englishemen.
From hense I went to Padoa and Mr. Fitzwilliams with me, which
was the xv"' of August. In this towne laye manye Englishmen, as
Sir Thomas Wyatt, Mr. Jhon Cotton, Mr. Henry Williams, Mr.
Frauncs Williams his bi'other, which died bothe in England the
yere 51, Mr. Jhon Arundle, Mr. Jhon Hastings, Mr. Christopher
Alen, Mr. Jhon Sheres, Mr. Jhon Handford, and dyverse other.
Here I applied my self as well to obtain the Italian tung as to
have a farther entrance in the Latin. The most famous in this
town was Lazarus Bonamicus in humanitie, whose lectures I
visited sometimes, Mantuau, Turnellus, and Caniolus in the civill
' Edmund Harvell. Possibly Edmund Harewell of Besford, Worcester. Philip
Hoby had estates in Worcester, which might account for the intimacy. See also
infra, p. 61.
1648] OF THOMAS HOBY 9
lawe, and Claudius Tolomeus a senest in the Italian tung, and in
logick Tomitanus.
Tlie towne of Padoa is very auntient, built by Anthenor, as this
epitaff upon his sepulcher, which is bye St. Laurence Churche,
withowt the olde walles, makethe mention.^
C. Inclitus Antenor patriam vox Nisa quietem
Transtulit hue Enetum, Dardanidumque fugas,
Expulit Euganios, Patavinam condidit urbem,
Quern tenet hie humili marmore c^sa domus.
Som hold opinion that in those dayes all this waye was seea,
and that he built his towne at the foote of Euganei Montes, which
hilles are fy ve miles owt of Padua : their reason is bicause ther
are sundrie antiquities found under those hilles. As for this his
sepulcher they say hathe bine placed here by the Longebardes, who
found som certain monument of his, and here did erect this toumbe
of marble in his memorye, for the letters are suche as the Longo-
bai'des did accustome to use in times past, neyther dothe the stile
of the verses seeme to bee of anie probable authoritie or antiquitie.
Other say they were not the Longobardes' letters but the Gothes and
Vandals, which of long time have borne a great stroke in all Italy.
At the lower end of the great hall they have sett uppe a
monument of T. Livius within the wall, whiche was a Padowan,
and wrott the Roman histories. In the uppermost place there
standeth his heade as livelie as it can bee made in stone, under
that is an olde stonn with this inscription in yt :
V. F.
T. Liuius Liuia3
An image of brass T.F. Quart* L. Halys An image of brass
iETEBNixAs Concordialis Pataui sibi Minerva
et suis omnibus.
Under this liethe on bothe sides a mass of brasse, th'on is made for
Tiberis, the river that runnethe by Rome, and the other for
Modoacus, that passethe by Padoa, called in the vulgar tung la
Brenta. In the middes betwext bothe these rivers there is a wolf
of brasse also, with two sucking babes. Underneth this there is a
' Possibly Hoby made some mistake in transcribing this, as the first line does
not seem right.
10 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1548
peice ofbrasse in maner of a skutchin within the whiche are these
verses in golden letters,
Ossa tuumque caput cives tibi maxime Livi
Prorapto animo hie omnes composuere tui.
Tu faniam asternam Romee patriasque cledisti,
Huic oriens, illi fortia facta canens.
At tibi dat patria hasc et si maiora liceret,
Hoc totus stares aureus ipse loco.
T. Liuius Quarto imperij Tib.
Cassaris anno vita excessit
zEtatis vero suas Ixxvi.
This was sett uppe in the 3 ere of our Lord 151-7. The hall is
verie bewtifull : all cawse.s and matters are pleaded here : it is full
of clarkes and notaries that are continuallie writing. At the on
end of it is the govenar's house of the towne, whiche is continuallie
a gentleman of Venice and chaunged everie yere. At the other
end are prisonnes & dongeons. The towne is ruled by two prin-
cipall heades, the on is governor, called in Italian Podesta : and his
authoritee is in the day time ; the other is the captain over the
sowldiers and the garison, and his authoritie is in the night.
They have two severall faire howses belonging to their offices. At
everie yeres end of there abode here they are chaunged, but not
bothe at on time. They count the governance of this towne on of
the cheeffest offices belonging to the Syniorye of Venice, and not
much inferior to Candia and Cyprus. No man wearethe his
weapon within the towne, but such as are licensed by the Podesta :
which is the maner both of Venice and all the townes under the
dominion of it. And by everie newe Podesta this license is
confirmed, yf he thinke it so expedient. There are everie yere
abowt August chosen two rectores by the scolars themselves, th'on
for the civill lawe, and the other for art, which have the jurisdic-
tion over the scolars that are in the Universitie ; and without their
consent there is no scolar punished whatsoever he doo, nor yet
taken owt of his house. These rectors graunt owt writings
wythe the seale of the faculties to whosoever will becum scholar :
wherby he that is thus made scolar is fi-eelie exempt from all
custome and whatsoever kind of dace ' is to be paid for anie thing
' Dace. Ducange gives under Data, Dacio : ' Tributum, vectigal ; nostvis Dace.'
I have not been able to find any other mention of this word.
1549] OF THOMAS HOBY 11
he buyeth, which is a great privileg. He is by this his scholar-
shipp bound to no lectures, nor nothing elles but what he lyst
him selfe to goo to.
This yere the Duke of Guise cam throwge Padoa in the
monethe of August, where he was honorablie receaved and took
his jorney to Ferrara to espouse the Duke's daughter.
1549.
This yere the prince of Spaine cumniing out of Spaine by sea
to goo to th'Emperor his father, arrived at Genowa. From thens
he went to Millane, where he was receaved by don Fernando Gon-
zaga, the governar. The vij*'' of January Mr. Edward Murphin,
Mr. Henry Killigrewe ^ and I departed owt of Padoa towardes
Mantoa, to see him make his entrie there, which was the xiij^'^ of
the said mouthe. There was great preparation for the receipt of
him. He was mett three or fowre mile withowte the towne by the
yong Duke of Mantoa accompanied with the cardinall his uncle,
his two bi-ethreu and other noble menu. He made his entrie an
howre within night, riding under a canapie born by iiij horsmen.
There camm with him more then a thowsand on horsback. His
gard folowed him a foote. Before him went xxx or xl hansom yong
gentlmenn, clothed all in white vellute, townsmenn everye on, withe
a great chain of golde abowt his necke a whitte staff in his hand.
The first gate of the towne he entred into is called la Porta
della Predella, upon the which was written on the owtside :
Philippo filio Hispaniee Regi in quo Patris imaginem cernimus,
Animi magnitudinem admiramur, fcelicitatem expectamus.
He cam throwghe another gate called la porta della liona, on
the on side of it was written :
Carolo V*° Goes. August. Afri. Germa. Impera. optimo. Regi op-
timo Philippo F. Hispaniee. Principi magnanimo seculi spei.
On the otherside of the gate was painted an egle with herr
yong birdes beginning to take their flight, and there was written :
Sicut aquila prouocans ad volandum pullos suos.
' Mr. Henry Killegrew, son of John Killegrew, of Arwenack, Cornwall. An exile
for religion in Queen Mary's time, employed by Elizabeth in various diplomatic
missions. Married, November 1565, Cath., fomth daughter of Ant. Cooke, and
sister to Thos. Hoby's wife.
12 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1549
upon the gate entreiug into the great markett place before the
castle was written on thone side :
Spondeo digna tiiis ingentibus omnia captis.
on the other side towardes the markett place :
Bono Eventui. Genio Principis.
In the middle of the markett place was made a great stature of a
woman holding a copia cornu in herr hand, and under herr was
written :
Publica Hilaritas.
Upon the first gate at the entriug into the castle where the prince
laye, on the owtside was written :
Faelicitati Temporum.
and on the inside of the gate :
Securitati Augustee.
within this gate there was a large roome, in the middle whereof
was made a stature of Hercules hoUding in eche hand a great pillar,
and under him were written thes verses :
Alcides statuit, Oeesar sed protulit. At tu
Ulterius si fas, progrediere patre.
Abowt the porche of this gate was written in great letters :
Captis Thebis, vates ventura providens, sub Principum Austriae
auspitijs tutam urbem perpetuo futuram Ocno filio conden-
dam mandavit.
Stories do witnesse that Ocnus named this town Mantua when
he had built it, after the name of his mother so called, who was
daughter to Tyresias the profett sowgthseyer.
Upon the second gate of the castle was written :
Gonzaga et Palasologa familije Caro. V. Impera. Ca^sa. August,
liberalitate magnos honores consecutse Philipppi Filij His-
paniee Principis adventu sempiternum beneficij Monumen-
tum extare voluerunt.
The castle was verie richlie sett in ordre against his cumming :
all the chambres hanged with riche arras. And the beddes
1549} OF THOMAS HOBY - 13
covered with clothe of golde, sett all with perle, where he himself
laye.
The next day after his arrivall, abowt the evening, he went
ovvt of the castle to visitt the olde Dutchesse in the olde palaice
where she laye somewhatt yll at ease.
Hither there cam to salute him and to present him gyftes, the
Duke of Ferrare in parson, who laye and kept a sumptions house in
the house called il Palazzo dell' Abate. Fiderigo Badoero cam in
ambassag to him from the Venetiens. And thither did the Duke
of Florence send to him also. The prince made small countenance
to anie of them, wherupon he obtayned throwghe all Italye a name
of insolencye.
At his departure owt of Mantoa going onward in his jorney he
wolde have passed through the citie of Verona ; but the Venetians
wold in no wise suffre him, saving yf he him selfe and a fewe more
with him wolde passe they were content. For the wholl bande to
passe over the river of the Adice, they had then made a bridg of
purpose, besides Verona, where he refusing their offre passed over
emong the rest of his companye.
The towne of Mantoa is almost an yland compassed abowt with
a lague whiche the river Meltio makethe : on the other side it is a
verie marishe. So that the scite of it is verie strong. From
Mantoa we went by water downe the river Meltio [Mincio], and
afterwarde we entred into the Poo as far as Ferrara : and from
thense we went to Padoa by land.
Within ij oriij miles of Mantoa there is a village called Pietola,
where Virgile was born : and upon the hill there, there is a little
brick house which th'inhabitants of the countrey call casetta de
Vergilio, holding opinion that was his house, and that there he
kept his beastes as a sheppherd. Five miles owt of Mantua there
is a verie beawtifull house of pleasure of the Duk's called Marmerol,
full of plesant walkes and faire gardines : where the Duke hathe
certain oreng trees whiche he may remove from place to place.
We cam back again into Padoa the xix*^^ of January : and shortlye
after I went to Venice, where as after the entrie of the Prince into
Trent, Duke Maurice th'elector with the Cardinall of Auspurghe
cam from his cowrt to see the citie of Venice, and were then newlie
arrived there. They were honorablye receaved and greatly
banqueted on the Syniore's charge. When supper was doone they
cam bothe with other companye in a maskerye and daunsed with
14 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1549
the gentlewomen a good space. There was at that supper Don
Juan di Mendozza, the Emperor's ambassador there resident, who
satt uppermost and took the upper hand of them all.
At Shroftide after there cam to Venice to see the citie the
lustie yong Duke of Ferraudin, well accompanied with noble menn
and gentlemen, where he with his companions in Campo di San
Stefano shewed great sport and muche pastime to the gentlmen &
geutlwomen of Venice, bothe on horsback in running at the ring
with faire Turks and Cowrsars, being in a maskerie after the
Turkishe mauer, and on foote casting of eggs into the wyndowes
among the ladies full of sweete waters and damaske poulders. At
nio-ht after all this triumphe in a bankett, made purposlie at
Mowrano, a litle owt of Venice, by the Seniorye, to honor him withall,
he was slaine by a varlett belonging to a gentlman of the citie.
The occasion was this : the Duke cuming in a brave maskerye
with his companions went (as the maner is) to a gentlewoman
whom he most fansied emong all the rest (being assembled there
a 1 or Ix). This gentlwoman was wyfif to on M. Michael Venier.
There cam in another companye of gentlmen Venetiens in an other
maskerye : and on of them went in like maner to the same gentl-
woman that the Duke was entreating to daunse with him, and
somwhat sbuldredd the Duke, which was a great injurie. Upon
that the Duke thrust him from him. The gentlmau owt with his
dao-ger and gave him a strooke abowt the short ribbes with the
point, but it did him no hurt, bicause he had on a iacke of maile.
The Duke ymmediatlie feeling the point of his dagger, drue his
rapire, whereupon the gentlman Hedd into a chambre there at hand
and shutt the dore to him. And as the Duke was shovinge to gete
the dore open, a varlett of the gentlmanne's cam behinde him and
with a pistolese ^ gave him his deathe's wounde, and clove his
head in such sort as the on side honge over his shuldre by a little
skvnn. He lyved abowt two dayes after this stroke. There was
no^ justice had against this gentlman, but after he had a while
absented himself from the citie the matter was forgotten. The
varlett fledd, and was no more hard of. This gentlman was of the
house of Giustiniani in Venice.
Abowt this time there fell an other straung chaunce in Venice.
In the Countrey of Friuli are two great families, whiche of long
time have bine deadlie ennemies th'on to th'other, Delia Turre
' ' A Pystolese is a shorte broadsword ' (side -note in manuscript).
1549] OF THOMAS HOBY 15
and Soveragnaui. Of th'origiou of this hatred betwixt them I
could never gather other reason than this : at such times as
the Venetians sawght first to be lordes over that countrey of
Friuli, they had the house Delia Torre whiche was somwhat the
mightier on their side, but the Soveragnani could never be
browght to yelde to yt. Upon this they fell at debate and con-
tention, th'on for their libertie, and th'other to bring in a straunge
nation. So that muche slawghter ensued of yt sundrie times.
At last the Venetiens obtained their pui'pose, and could never
sett these two howses at one. About this Shroftide there were
certaine justes proclaymed in Padoa to all commers at the tilt. The
best price was a great cheine of golde, the second a rapire dagger
and gyrdle faire wrowght and gylt. The third was a coronett of
gold sett with pearle and stone, which was the ladies' and gentl-
womennes' cost : and whosoever cam into the feelde with his traine
best besene and galantest to the eye, with slightest cost, his
shuld this coronett bee. To these justes dailie repayred sundrie
gentlmen owt of all the countreys abowt, som to be doers, and
a number to be lookers on. Emong others these two howses
chaunced to runu bothe with their fawtors on their parties well
apointed. There were great gentlmen that were put in suritie
for them and bownd them selves to the Syniorye that repayring to
thes justes there shuld no hurt be done. Notwithstanding as
they mett at a chaunce together by the santo there was a great
fraye and on of the howse of Delia Torre slaine and certain
on bothe parties sore hurt. Thus they left for that time hooping
for a reveng at more leyser. This matter was taken upp by the
Siniorye of Venice, and their sureties that were thus bound for
them were handled to the most extremitie. They thowght it
behoufiull to banishe the Count Jhon Delli Soverignani, who was
judged to bee the beginner of this fraye. When sentence ot
banishment was geven he prepared him self therto and taking
wyff children bagg and baggage with him cam to Venice, entend-
ing to saile from thense to Candia and there to remaine in exile.
As he thus taried in Venice a season attending for passag, being
lodged upon the Canal grand over against San Geremia, he tooke
bote manie times to goo upp and downe abowt sundrie his affaires.
At his return upon a time he was watched, and by the walles side
over against the house of Quirini there lingred a bote, snche a on
as communlie carie frutes uppe and downe Venice, upon their
16 A HOOKE OF THP: TRAVAILE and lief [1549
frutes they use to laye mattes to kepe them freshe and to defend
them from the heate of the sunn. There were no mo in sight but
two within the bote. Under the mattes there laye vij or viij
parsons withe eche of them a hackbutt in his hand. When the
gondalo that Count Jhon Soveragnani was in cam directlie against
them they shott all together leveling all at on marlie. Count
Jhon was shott throwghe in manie places of his bodye. This
enterprise thus acheved, as manie as were in the bote fell to
rowing and made so sweeftlie awaye that none were able to folowe
them nor decern who they were nor yet whither they went. The
deade bodye was browght into the house of Quirini, where it laye
to bee seene of all menn. When the Siniorye understoode of this
murther they cawsed ymmediatly Francesco Delia Turre to bee
taken, who was than in Venice. But for all they putt him to the
torment of the cord, they coulde never make him confesse that
he was condescending or of counsell to this kind of murther. And
the lawe is, except a man confesse his tresspace when he is putt to
this torment, he shall never sufFre deathe for yt. This chaunce
happened in Lent. Abowt the ascention daye the Duke and
Dutchesse of Urbin cam to Venice, where the Dutchesse, Cardinall
Farnese syster, for that she was never there before, was mett a
mile or two withowt the citie upon the seea, and receaved into
the Venetiens' vessell of Triumphe called Bucentoro, wherin were
dyverse of the Siniorye and nighe two hundrithe gentlwomen to
accompanie herr to the Duke herr husbande's palaice within the
citie. There a man might have seen the seea almost covered with
sundrie kinde of botes, sum made like shippes other like galies
some other like pinaces richlie dect within and withowt, besides
manie other pretie vessells full of minstrelsye dannsing and
maskaries. After herr arrival she was greatlye feasted, and before
herr departure thense she sawe the Arsena of Venice where all
their galies, shippes, artillarye, munition and such other matters
were. After she had bine leade abowt yt, which lackethe litle of
a mile in compasse, she was browghte into a larg room where she
had a costlie bankett prepared for herr and all her companie
richlie served of all kinde of dilicaties. Yt was in the after noone
abowt fowre of the clocke. Herr cuming to Venice was to see the
Sensa, which is a great feast there. And upon the place of Saint
Mark is a great faire for certain dayes. The daye of the
Ascension the Duke of Venice with all the Siniorye goethe into
1549] OF THOMAS HOBY
this vessell the Bucentoro, and after they are a litle from tlie land
they have a wonderoiis great ceremonie abowt the marying of the
see. For the Duke takethe a ring of his finger and castethe yt
into the seea, thinking by this meane to knitt yt so sure that yt
shall never depart and leave the citie upon the drie land ; as it is
like to do in processe of time yf it coutineue to diminishe still as
yt hathe begone sith the memorye of man. Yet have they dailie
provisions and ofiicers appointed to the same to see the sandes and
what soever is in the bottome in the shalowe places voided.
My jorney INTO Tuscane.
I departed owt of Padoa towardes Venice the vij*^ of June,
where Mr. Jhon Hastings and I were onse purposed to goo with
the great gallies into Sorria. From whense Mr. Edward Murphin
was abowt that time returned. After I had taried a yere som-
time in Padoa and somtime in Venice, and obtayned some under-
standing in the tung, I thowght yt behouffull to travaile into the
middes of Italye, as well as to have a better knowleg in the tung,
as to see the countrey of Tuscane, so much renowmed in all places.
I departed from Venice the sxiiij*^ daye of August and went to
Ferrara bye water, which is abowt fowre score and tenn miles.
This citie upon the east side and the sowthe side hathe the great
river called Po running by yt. The countrey is verie plaine and
plentifull round abowt yt. Duke of yt is Hercules da Este the
second, who maried Rener [Renee], King Lewes of Fraunce the xij
his daughter, by whom he hathe had iiij children, Alfonse, Lewis,
the dutchesse of Guise in Fraunce, and Lucretia.
t From Ferrara to Bologna .... xxx^
This citie is placed at the rootes of the hill Appennine. On the
sowthside yt hathe the Appennine, on the east the river Savena,
on the northe the faire and bewtifull champaigne countrey, and
on the west the river Reno. The Pope is lord of yt. "Vicelegate
there for him was Annibale Borio a Neopolitane. It is a verie
famous Universitie throwghe owt Italye bothe for the lawe and
other sciences, frequented with scolars from all places.
) From thense to Loiano . . . • xyj miles
A „ ,, „ Scaricalasino . . . iiij miles
VOL. X. (h) €
18 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1649
It is SO named because when asses passe bye this waye with
their burdens, for the sharpnes of the stonie rocks that are here
in great quantitie and evell waye, they are faine to unlade them
manie times.
) From thense to Ferenzuolo .... x™^
Abowt this castle of the Duke of Florence arrisethe owt of the
ground gi^eat quantities of smoke. Here is reckoned the begin-
nings of the countreye of Tuscane.
) From thense to Scarperia .... x™'
This is another castle belonging to the Duke of Florence placed in
a verie faire plaine.
^ From thense to Firenza ..... xiiij™*
This faire citie of Florence is built upon the river Arno, which
runneth through it ; and the river is passed over by iiij bridges
in iiij sundrie places. It is compassed on the east and the northe
side with pleasant hilles full of frutefull trees. On the west side
yt hathe a verie bewtifull plaine so full of faire houses that yt
appearethe a farr of a great towne as farr as Prato. Yt is named
Valdarno. When yt was a commune welthe the armes of the citie
was a red lilie in a white feelde, but now yt is under Duke Cosmus
de Medicis, second Duke of yt, which mainteynethe all virtue in
yt. Within Florence is the faire churche called Santa Maria del
fiore, all of marble ; in the toppe of yt is the marvelous peece of
worke called the Cupula, worthie to bee seen of all travellars.
Without this church there is a rounde temple dedicated to Saint
Jhon Baptist, which in times past was the temple of Mars, with
gats of brasse, within the which is a faire vessell made of riche
stones where children are christened. Abowt this vale it was that
Hannibal lost one of his eyes riding throwghe the marishes, as Lyvie
makethe mention.
In this countreye here growethe a wyne called Torbiano di
Toscano, which is reckoned emong the plesant and delicate wines
of Italye. In this citie I reraayned vj or vij dayes with Mr
Christopher Alen.
5 From Florence to San Casan .... viij""'
) ,, thense to Tavernille .... vij™'
) „ „ „ Poggibonzi . . . . v"'^
$> „ „ „ Siena xij~'
1549] OP THOMAS fiOBY 19
1 arrived at Siena the iiij*"" of September. This citie standethe
upon hilles as the citie of Roome did in the olde time. It is counted
vj miles compasse abowt the walles. The countrey abowt verie frute-
full. The people are much given to entertaine strangers gentlie.
Most of the women are well learned and write excel lentlie well bothe
in prose and verse, emong whom Laudomia Fortiguerra and Virginia
Salvi did excell for good wittes. The principall matters within
the citie to bee scene are these. First the highe churche, as well
withowt as within, which may be reckoned emong the sumptions
woorkes of Europe. The great Hospitall for the poore, the
Markett Place, made after the maner of a theater. The abundance
of water that is in fonte Branda. The schooles called la Sapientia,
whereat is also a college for scholars, which for vj or vij yeres abode
there, disburse at their first entring Ix or Ixxx crownes, to the great
refresshing of poore scholars. The cheefe governance of this citie
was in the handes of Don Diego di Mendozza, ambassador for
th'Emperor to the pope, which manie times cam from Roome to lye
there as occasion served him, where at his cumminghe was alwaies
more honorablie receaved outwardlie then inwardlie beloved.
Under him were continuallie abiding there Zuan Gallego and Don
Frances Dalava, Master of the campe, a garrison of v or vj hundrethe
Spaniardes. Within a fortnight or iij weeks after myne arrivall in
the citie Don Diego was receaved after the accustomed maner into
the towne : and understanding certain English gentlmen to be
newlie com thither, there cam a man of his to my lodging desiring
me in his mastre's behalf to take a diner with his master that
daye, and to bring with me besides such Englishe menn as he
hardsaye and I knew were in the towne ; which were Sir Robart
Stafford, Mr. Henry Parkar, Mr. Edward Stradling,^ Mr. Francs
Peto,^ where we were greatlie feasted and gentlie enterteyned.
Besides these I founde in the towne Mr. Peter Whithorn, Mr.
William Barkar, Mr. Edward Clere, Mr. Thomas Grynwaye, and
Mr. Jhon Ellis, who wolde not go thither with us. Here I cam
acquainted with the Marques of Capistrano, the Duke of Amalfi,
his sonn, who often times shewed me great courtesie.
Th'occasion that this citie of Siena is som time under the
Frenche King and manie times under th'Emperor appearethe
' Probably Edward Stradling (1529-1609), of St. Donats, Glamorgan, a scholar
and patron of literature ; M.P. for Steyning 1554 ; knighted in 1575. (D.N.B.)
2 Francis Peto. An Italian scholar and miHtary writer ; Fellow of Gray's Inn.
C 2
20 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1549
cheeflie to proceade of their private discention and intestine dis-
corde in that they cann not be brought to anie agreement betwext
them selves. For they are divided into fowre severall partes, that
is to saye, Gentilhuomini, Reformatori, Nnovi and Popolo. The
commune people are called Plebei, which are on no certain part.
There is no gentleman within the citie of Siena but is well knowen
to bee of on of these partes. Gentilhuomini and Popolo were at
the first beginning of the citie ; the on of the commonaltie and
subiects ; and the other of gentlmen and rulars. And at length
they that were named Popolo becam gentlmen also : for being
the greater number they could not abide to bee alwais under the
government of the Gentilhuomini. After long debate on both
sides they cam to this finall accorde : that vj parsonnes on the on
parte and as manie on the other shulde equallie and indifferentlie
have the preheminence, dignitie, superioritie, and rule over the co-
mune weale, which were called by a new name, Reformatori. Their
issue and posteritie multiplied so in processe of time that there
arrose of them an other part in the citie which usurped this dignitie
of theirs, and as manie as were descended of them tooke more
upon them and bore a greater stroke then eyther the Gentilhuomini
or Popolo, drawing by amitie, consanguinitie, and force most part
of the citie on their side. At lengthe their insolencie was suche
and so increased dailie that the other two partes laide their heades
together, eyther to displace them, or to find owt at the least some
meane that the hole government might not alwais rest in this
posteritie. The matter was long a debating before the Reforma-
tori (which were so named as manie as were descended of the xij
men that were chosen owt of the first two partes) wold cum to
aine accorde : but finallie they agreede to chuse owt of everie on
of thes three parts three parsones, which were called Nuovi for
that they were nine, and thus had this fowrthe part his beginning
even like the third. They and their posteritie continued long in
this state untill such time as in those dayes the other three partes
cloyed with this kind of government, and desirous of new altera-
tions as communlie menn bee, by force elected owt from emong
them a Siniory or counsell of sundrie heades to rule the commune
welthe, as there is yet to this day, displacing the Nuovi of this
dignitie against their willes, which were sore agreved at the matter,
and repined greatlie against this kind of government, seeking all
means to recover their former state again. For the which they
1549] OF THOMAS HOBY 21
have bine ever sith yll beloved of the rest, and especiallie of the
Gentilhuomini and Popolo, whiche not manie years agoo banisshed
them owt of the citie by the reason of the great sedition and
slawghter that was dailie caused by them on bothe sides. At
length th'Emperor tooke uppe the matter and restored the Nuovi to
the citie again and to their possessions, which were putt to the
commune use : planting there by their desire a garison of
Spaniards to see them lyve in peace. Notwithstanding there is
muche murther emong them and privie hatred. This Nuovi is as
great a part or greater then anie of the rest and most of the
handsommest gentlmen in the citie are of yt. They are best
esteamed of anie of the rest with the communes of the city. They
esteame and make most of straungers of anie of the rest. They
syldom times marye with the other partes except it bee with the
Eeformatori, which best agree together. None of all these iiij partes
are suffred to have anie weapons in his house and speciallie to wear
them abrode within the citie : nor yet other straungers, withowt
they be licensed by the Sinorie, or by the Spaniardes that have
chai'ge there.
This yere was the rebellion in England in Norfolk and
Devonshire, and the Duke of Sommersett deposed from his
protectorshippe by the onlie malice of the Erie of War-
wicke, afterwards created Duke of Northumberland. And
before that the Duke of Sommersett had cawsed Sir Thomas
Seymer, lord admerall, his owne brother, to be beheaded at the
Towre hill. As I remayned thus in Siena newes cam of the deathe
of pope Paul,^ the third of that name, which diede the ix*'' of
November. And seeing manie cardinalles resort thither dailie
towardes Roome owt of sundrie parties to the election of an other, I
thowght it convenient to make a jorneye thither at this time being
so nighe, as well to the citie as to beholde the maner of the
obsequies and the fasshion how they elect an other. The xvi of
the same monthe I departed owt of Siena in Cardinall Salviati his
companye whiche cam throughe the towne to go to Roome, caried
in a littar. There went also Mr. Henry Parkar, Mr. Barkar, and
Mr. Whitehorn. Ymmediatlie after the pope's deathe Ascanio
Colonna went abowt to recover his state again, which the pope had
taken from him, and abowt two hundrethe Spaniardes were con-
' Paul III., Alessandro Farnese, elected 1534. He was the Pope who excom-
municated Henry VIII. in 1538.
22 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1549
ducted owt of Siena by Don Frances D'Alava to restore Fabricio
Colonna, his eldest son, into possession of his fathers lands.
My jorney from Siena to Roome.
9 From Siena went to Buonconvento . . xij™'
9 From thense to San Quirico . . . viij"'
A „ „ „ Paglia . . . . X-'
Here endeth the dominion of Siena, and passing the river we
enter into the territorye of the pope. This village is called Paglia
bicause yt standeth by the river of the same name.
9 From thense to Acquapendente . . . xij™'
) „ „ ,, San Lorenzo . . . vj'^i
9 „ „ „ Bolsena .... iij"*!
This is an antient towne and in times past on of the xii of Tuscane
called urbs Vulsinentium. There were the xii : Gianiculum, Arini-
anum, Fesuli, Aringianum, Fregine, Voice, Volaterra, Carriara,
Oggiano, Arezzo, Roselli, Volsinio. By this towne there is a faire
lague so called.
9 From Bolsena to Montefiascon . . . vj"'
This towne was wont to be named Mons Phiscon and Arx Iti.
Betwext Bolsena and this we ride throwghe the wode of Tuscane
called in the olde time lucus Vulsinentium or lucus Hetrurise.
Abowt this towne there growe verie good and pleasant wines, as
malvoseye and such other.
9 From Montifiascon to Viterbo . . . viij"^^
To this towne we ride throwghe a plesant valley e where it is placed
with a plentifull countrey abowt yt, not far from yt are the baynes
called Bagni di Caie, verie profitable for most diseases : now they
are communlie named Bagni del Bolicano.
) From Viterbo to Rossiglione (Ronciglione) . ix"*'
By this towne there is a lague called lago del vico, and in the old
time lacus Cyminus.
A From thense to Monte Rose . , . ix™^
15-19] OF THOMAS HOBY 23
Here is also a lague so called, not verie bigg, but wonderous
deepe.
) From thense to Baccano . . . • vj"^'
By this is a lague called also Baccano owt of the which the litle
river Cremera, so named in times past, hathe his beginning and
goethe into the Tever. By this river yt was that three hundrethe
and sixe of the fabii were slaine, with five thowsand of their
servaunts, by the Veienti, as Lyvie makethe mention in his second
booke. Here is a wood called Silva Mesia in times past.
9 From Baccano to la Isola .... vj™^
^ From thense to Roome .... viij™^
When we arrived in Roome we saw dailie in St. Peter's churche
verie solemn masses of requiem for the pope's deathe, after the
maner of Roome, song by the cardinalles, everie on sitting accord-
ing to his degree in a chappell, where the image of pope Xistus
liethe all in brasse curiouslie wrought, with the Muses all abowt
him. Abowt the later end of November, at the certain time
limited for all cardinalls of the seea of Roome to repaire thither
for the election of a new pope, all such cardinalles as were then in
Roome, after on solemn masse of the holie ghost song emongthem,
entred into the conclave according to the accustomed maner;
that is to saye, into suche rowmes as are belonging unto the pope
in his palaice, as the utter chambares, the hall above, the chappell
and suche other wide places, where everie cardinall had before-
hand a litle cabbin prepared for him, hanged and separated from
the rest with his owne hangings, withowt anie light at all, except
so muche as he lettethe in by the pinninge uppe of the hanging in
the place where he entrethe into this cabbin, within the whiche he
had so muche place that sufficed for a litle standing cowrt bedd for
himself, a pallet for two of his servants, whom he lysted to have
within with him, on litle square table and a coffer for his stuff.
When they were all entred together into this conclave everie dore
and wyndowe where anie yssue was in anie place round abowt
them was after the maner mured uppe, saving a litle part of the
verie toppe of the wyndowes on highe, in manie places owt of
manne's reache, whiche to lett in light was left open, and a litle
di-esser in that great dore that menn used most communlie to cum
in and owt at. ThroWghe this dresser everie cardinalle's owne
24 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1549
provision, browght thither from his owne palaice by his servaunts,
was putt in and delivered unto the ij servaunts he had within
attending npon him, the assaye or tast thereof first taken, whatso-
ever was browght thither. In this sort remayned they a good
space attending for viij or ix cardinalles owt of Fraunce, for before
their arrivall the Cardinall of Ferrara with the rest of the French
partie would goo abowt nothing. When all were cum and con-
vayed in emong the rest they remaine thus shutt uppe untill suche
time as by agreement of the most part they have elected a new
pope, except they find themselves yll at ease, as iij or iiij of them
were at this time, whiche were permitted to go lye at their owne
palaices, where on or two of them diede. During this time of
vacation of the seea of Roome the consistorie (by the meane of
Cardinall Farnese, then cheefe doer, and the Cardinall of Saint
Angelo his brethren) confirmed unto Duke Octavio the Dukedom
of Parma and unto Horatio his yonger brother the Dukedom of
Camerino, and appointed him also generall for the churche over fy ve
or sixe thowsand souldiers which during this time were there
taken uppe to serve the churche. To the custodie of the castle of
Saint Angelo was appointed a bisshoppe, and afterwards was
rewarded with a red hatt. The pope that diede laye buried under
a heape of earthe by the walles side within Saint Peter's churche,
paled in, untill suche time as a moi'e honorable sepulture were
made readie for him, which his fowre nephewes Cardinall Farnese,
Cardinall of Saint Angelo, Duke Octavio and Duke Horatio had
cawsed to be taken in hand for him by Michael Angelo. During
the time of mine abode in Roome Don Diego and the Marquis
Capistrano shewed me great entertainment and muche gentlnes.
There were besides in Roome that cam after us Sir Robert Staf-
ford, Mr. Francs Peto, i\[r. Edward Murphin, Filpott, Christopher-
sonn, Harding Boxwell. The citie of Roome is in circuite abowt
the walles xv miles. The walles have at this daye 365 towres
where in the old time they were wont to have 734 when it most
florisshed. There are twenty gates now, whereas were in times
past xxxiiij. The better half of the citie within the walles is
desert and not inhabited, and especiallie the seven hilles, Campi-
doglio, Palatino, Celio, Aventino, Squille, Viminale, Quirinale,
otherwise called Monte Cavallo, by the reason of two horses of
marble that were made by Phidias and Praxiteles, sett uppe
there. Upon these vij hilles was wont in the olde time to consist
1549] OF THOMAS HOBY 25
all the majestie of the citie, as it may well appere by the mines
upon them. The part of Roome that is now most inhabited was
wont to be called Campus Martius, bicause it was a faire plaine
feelde and there the yowtlie of the citie did accustome to excercise
feates of armes. Also Vaticanum on this side the river, where the
pope's palaice is and the castle of Saint Angelo which is called
Borgo Nuovo and Borgo Vecchio. The river of the Tever [Tiber]
is passed from the on side of the citie to the other by five severall
bridges. There be seven principall famous churches abowt
Roome, as Saint Peter, Saint Jhon Laterane, Santa Maria Magiore,
Santa Croce in Hierusalem, these within the walles : and Saint
Paul, Saint Laurence, and St. Sebastian withowt the walles.
There be suudrie faire antiquities to be seene within Roome,
as in the Campidoglio in the palaice of the Conservator!, and in
Belvedere manie statures, stones and inscriptions. There is also
Santa Maria rotonda, called in the old time Pantheon, which is the
fayrest and perfectest antiquitie abowt Roome. The Triumphall
Arkes of Constantin, Vespasian and Septimius. The Coliseo, or
Amphitheater. The beawtifull jaillar by St. Petre's churche called
la guccia di san Pietro. And the ruines abowt the seven hilles
the whiche I passe over all : and the particularities therof I leave
to the searchers owt of them by the instructions of Lucias Faunus,
Martian, and Biondo, which all have written verie diligentlie of
the antiquities of the citie of Roome. And by probable reason
have ghessed upon manie things for the whiche no certaintie is to
bee alleged. Bicause in times past the citie hathe oftentimes bine
enlarged and taken in again as occation served. For Vopiscus
writethe that in the time of themperor Aurelianus the citie was in
circuite fyftie mile. And Pliny saithe that it was in his time
twentie miles compasse. In our dayes now it is xv miles abowt
the walles, and not half inhabited within.
1550.
After Mr. Barker, Mr. Parker, Whitehorn and I had throwghlie
searched owt suche antiquities as were here to bee seene from place
to place, having bestowed all this time of owr beeing here abowt
the same, we thowght it but losse of time to make anie longer
abode here. And we taried the longer to see yf the cardinalles
26 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIKF [15.50
wold elect a new pope. It was tliowght Cardinall Poole ^
shulde have bine pope. Yf he had receaved the cardinalles' offer
overnight as he entended in the morning folowing, he had surelie
bine so. And in the morning when all the souldiers of Roome,
and a great multitude of people besides, were assembled in the
Markett place of Saint Peter's to have seene Cardinall Poole pro-
clamed pope, he had lost by the Cardinall of Ferrara his meanes
the voice of manie cardinalls of the French partie, persuading
them that Cardinall Poole was both Imperiall and also a verie
Lutherian. So that morning passed withowt anie thing done,
contrarie to the expectation of all menn. After the election of
Cardinall Poole was thus passed the commune opinion was, that
by the reason of the factions Emperiall and Frenche that were
among them, they would not so soone agree afterward, for there
was no on in the hole Consistorie that was generallie so well
beloved as he was of them all, and never declared himself neyther
Emperiall nor Frenche. But Don Diego labowred what he colde
to make him pope, and so did all the Emperiall Cardinalles that
were within the conclave, but the Frenche partie was against him.
Upon this we determined in the meane time to make a journeye to
Naples. And as we cam to Roome together, so not to depart
companie untill we cam thither. We sett owt of Roome in a
vessell towardes Naples the x of Januarye ; the same night we laye
upon the Tever. The next morning we cam to Ostia, a verie
auntient citie, which folowing the cowrse of the river is xxij miles
from Roome. And after we had proved where the best jaassage
was, we sailed into the seea, which is a v or vi miles from Ostia.
The Tever cummith unto the see with a quiet swyft streame and
the force of it is suche that yt driveth the salt water back almost
two miles. At the meeting of it with the see whei'e it must needes
entre into the salt water, yt taketh on in siiche wise that there
arrise great waves from the on banke to the other with such
quantitie of thicke sandes that in passing over them manie vessells
are not connnunlie in great jeopardie onlie, but also sumtime
certain are swalowed uppe by the waves, as we were enformed in
passing over. After we were thus cum into the see, we sayledall
that night after and passed Monte Circello, which is four score and
tenn miles from the place where the Tever entrethe into the seea.
' Cardinal Pole. Reginald Pole (1500-1558) ; Cardinal 1536 ; Archbishop of
Canterbury 1555 ; son of Sir Richard Pole. (D.N.B.)
1550] OF THOMAS HOBY 27
This hill is almost an yland within the seea and may bee seen farr
of. In a litle port under the hill lye manie times Moores and
Turks with their foistes ^ and other vesselles to take the passinger
vesselles that goo betwixt Roome and Naples. And we were
afterward enformed that this time there laye ix, so that yf we had
cum bye yt by daye as we did by night, we had bine all taken
slaves. From hense we sayled to Gaieta, which is thirtie miles,
with fowle wether and the winde almost against us. This is an
auntient towne taking his name of Eneas' nurse so named and
buried there, as Virgil makethe mention,
Tu quoque littoribiTS nostris ^neia nutrix
.^ternam moriens famam Caieta dedisti.^
This towne is verie strong situated upon a large rock whiche is in
maner an yland. It is cownted on of the strongest holdes in all
Christendom. Above yt upon a verie rock is also a strong castle
which lookethe on everie side towardes the seea, at the entrie
wherof on the left hand is a litle chappell wherin is fastened upon
the walles sides a coffin covered with blacke vellute, with the armes
of Fraunce barred upon yt. And tlierin was Charles Duke of
Burbon buried which died 1527 at the sacke of Roome. There is
also a place within the rocke whiche seemethe that the verie stone
hathe bine cloven a sunder as a thing that hathe bine onse joyned
together, which is a wondrous Strang thing to beholde. Passing
throwghe this clyft we cum into a litle larg rowme where is
founded a chappell. They say here yt clave in siinder at the verie
time when our Savior Christ suffred his passion, and yt is com-
munlie called la Trinita, to the whiche there is dailie great resort
from sundrie places abowt, with much devotion, and speciallie on
the holie dayes. Abowt this towne is a verie plentifuU countrey,
and sundrie kindes of fructes, as olyves, aranges, lymones, figgs,
and plentie of wynes. Betwext Gaieta and Naples we were sailing
two dayes, which is Ix miles by seea : we passed by the iland of
Pontia [Ponza], whiche they saye was Pontius Pilate's inheritance.
And we sailed by Ischia and Procida, and so cam to the citie of
Naples, where we arrived the fift day after owr setting furthe of
Roome.
' Foist, a barge or pinnace (Halliwell). "^ Mn. vii. 1,
28 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
Neapolis. Terra di lavoro.
Naples is a verie beawtifull citie situated betwext the seea
and verie pleasant liilles, full of liowses, well fortified of late dayes
with a strong wall that th'Emperor hathe begoune abowt yt, reple-
nisshed with sumptions palaces, delicious gardines, and sundrie
divises of fountaynes round abowt yt.
There be three strong castles belonging to yt, Castel Nuovo
within the citie b}' the seea side where the Vicere lyethe, and
where the most part of munitions and artillarie is : Castel San
Mai'tino, now within the walles, a verie rock upon the toppe of the
hill, wrowght owt of the hard stone by force of hand, a wondrous
matter to beholde. And Castello dell'Ovo somwhat withowt the
citie upon the seea side. As for that was wont to bee called Castello
Capuano it is no more a castle, but the on part of yt servethe for a
prison ; the other part above is full of faire chamibres and plesant
rowmes where the counselles, parlements and tearmes are kept on
th'Emperors and the citie's behalfes. There are within the citie
fowre places called ' Seggi,' which are iipon the streetes open on all
sides saving on the one side where they joine to other howses.
The on is called Seggio Capuano, bicause of the streete that goethe
by yt unto the gate towarde Capua, the other Seggio de Nido.
The third Seggio della Montagna. And the fowi'the Seggio di San
Georgio. In these fowre places do princes, dukes, marquesses,
erles, barons, knightes, and squiers gather together to sitt upon
and to debate emong them the matters of the citie. There be few
princes, dukes, erles or barones within the realm which have not
within the citie a palaice belonging unto them. Emong the
whiche are most beawtifull the Duke of Gravines palaice, which yf
yt were ended may compare with anie in Italie, and the Prince of
Salemoe's, whiche is also verie faire.
The streetes in Naples are for the most part narrower then in
anie other citie, notwithstanding they are of a good lengthe and
verie straight. Wythin the citie is an Universitie, unto the whiche
scholars repaire from manie places, and the same that was wont to
be at Salerno is now browght to Naples and made all on. On the
seea side sowthward by Castel Nuovo is the faii'e pire made in
times past by Charles the second, King of Naples, for the safgard
of shippers. This citie is abundant with all things that are
1550] OF THOMAS HOBY 29
behouffull for the lyf! of man, and in yt is plentie of delicate wines,
as vino Greco, a verie strong wine, which as I beleve is so called
bicause of Torre del Greco, where it is shipped to be transported
unto Roome and other places, and not because yt cam owt of
Greece, as som hold opinion ; also Maniaguerra, a sweete wine of
a verie highe color, Vernaccia, a strong headie wine, Romanesco,
which is dronke for a delicate wine in wynter, Latino, which is a
delicate small wine for sommer, and dyverse other. The Vicere
and cheefe governor here was Don Pietro di Tolledo for th'Emperor,
verie well beloved both in the citie and throwghowt the realm.
Don Garzia his sonn was captain over sixe gallies belonging to the
towne. He hath purchased much landes in this realm and
beginnethe to build a faire palice with a pleasant gardin hard by
the towne. The citie of Naples is very auntient and was alwais
(as T. Livius saith) faithfuU and very obedient to the senat of
Roome.
Here is within the citie a very bewtifull and large hospitall,
wheras are continuallie both gentlmen and poore men and in like
maner women which are placed according to their disease and
served according to their degree, with a good order and cumlie to
behold ; great revenwes are belonging unto yt, and a great multi-
tude of people alwais within yt.
After we had taried a season within the citie and searched owt
whatsoever there was worthie to bee seen, we thowght it behouftull
to mak now and then a jorney abowt the countrey called in times
past Campania, and now Terra di lavoro, so muche spoken of and
renewed in all writers wherof Naples is the cheef head citie.
This Terra di lavoro (whiche men hold opinion to be so named
by the reason of the good and slight tillage) is in lengthe from
the river Garigliano on the west side, unto the river Silaro on the
east. And in breadethe from the hilles of Abruzzo on the northe
side, unto the seea on the sowthe.
It is named of Pliny Campania foelix, bicause of the frutefull
feeldes within yt whiche are large and pleasant, and the hilles
are abundant with all kinde of delicate frutes, and especiallie that
whiche in times past was called Pausilipium, where the precious
wines growe. It hath also delectable wooddes within yt, sweete
fountaynes and verie helthsom springs, as well for sundrie in-
firmities of the bodie as for pleasure and disport. And the
fertilitie of the countrey is suche that yt dothe not onlie bring
30 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
furthe necessarie things for the sustinance of the lyfF of man with
suche abundance, but also for deliciousnes and for sensuall pleasure
in great quantitie.
Dionisius Alicarnasseus agreeing with T. Livius saith plainlie
that this is the beawtifullest and pleasantest countrey of the
world, sith the aere is not onlie most temperat and delicate, but
also the frutefullnes of it is such, that in his time at three severall
times of the yere there were frutes gathered ; the on was in the
springtime, the other in the sommer, and the third in harvest,
which he affirmethe to have seene there. Lucius Florus saith
that in this fertile countrey the trees spring twise a yere, and that
here is to be found all delicaties for the pleasure of man, for that
Ceres and Bacchus strive whiche in most perfection shall best
abound. Here upon the seea side are noble portes ; as Gaeta,
Miseno and the temperate fountaynes of Baia, Lucrino and Averno,
the pleasure of the seea ; the mountaynes and hilles decked with
pleasant vines, and emong the rest Gaurus, Falerum, Masicus and
Vesuus [Vesuvius] more excel lenter than the rest, which striveth
with ^tna to cast owt fire. There are also on the seea side
Formia, Cuma, Puteolis, Neapolis, Erculanteum, and Pompei.
Besides this we may discern Capua (the hade of this countrey)
which is reputed the third of the most mightie cities, after Roome
and Carthage, This muche saith L. Florius [Florus].
Departing therfor owt of the noble citie of Naples there
appearethe before owr eyes this pleasant and sweete countreye,
which bringeth furthe suche necessarie matters for the use of man
and beast. And there is gathered great abundance of wheate,
bai-lie and other graine, with sundrie sortes of good wines, so
abundantlie that a man wold think it a straung thing and almost
incredible how it were possible to gather owt of on self feelde so
great abundance of corn and wine. For so many vines are upon a
verie highe tree and the branches of them so dispersed abowt the
boowes of the tree, that som times of on of them they make two
hoggesheades of wine, as I was enformed by th'inhabitants of the
countrey, and indeed a man may judge no lesse (albeit it appeare
a straunge matter at the first) yf he behold it well. And of this
doth Plinie make mention in the 14 book 2 chapter : declaring it
as a wonderous matter.
On the west side of Naples there is a highe way that two
cartes may easilee goo together, cutt owt of the rock by force of
1550] OF THOMAS HOBY 3l
hand, under the hill Posilipo. Yt is well 700 paces in lengthe
and more than 12 in breadethe. At the entring into yt on
the lefthand, upon the side of the hill within the precinct of
the Monasterie called Santa Maria Piedo Grotto, there is a litle
olde house where they say Vergil was buried according to these
verses.
Mantua me genuit, Oalabri rapuere, tenet nunc
Parthenope ; cecini pascua, rura. duces.
But of his sepulcher there is no certaintie. Servius saithe that he
was buried within two miles of Naples, upon the waye as we goo
to Puzzol, over against the raouthe of this grotta, wherupon it is
to be thowght it was not far from hense. Within this grotta
there is two holes cutt owt on the rock a hie, to lett in light
whiche notwithstanding is verie dark, and wondrous full of dust :
who first made this Grotta is uncertain, for there are dyverse
opinions.
From hense in the hie way to Puzzolo [Pozzuoli] there is
a lague called Lago di Agnano, upon the which are certain baynes
verie helthfuU called Sudatorii : they cause good digestion and
resolve raw humors, they lighten the bodie and heale the inward
partes, they drie upp tistles and woundes in the bodie, and are
verie good against the gowte. By these baynes on the lague's side
there is a sandie hill, at the bottom of yt, a certain pitt not farr
into the hill nor yet verie deepe nor wide, in the whiche pitt there
is a mark sett and what thing soever passethe that, yf it have lyff
in yt, yt hath not onlie no power at all to sturr from thense, butt
yt fomethe at the mowthe and fallethe to the ground ymmediatlie.
After it is thus fallen, take yt owt again and wash it in the lague,
by and by it reliveth, yf it abide not long in the lague, for then
it helpeth not at all. And this have I seene proved both with
dogges, catts, froggs and other lyving beastes. Byyond this we
cum by certain ruines where as Lucullus was wont to have his
abiding place, and there cutt throwghe the rock to lett the seea
into the lague of Agnano, for the whiche deede Cicero callethe him
Xerxes togatus. By this had Cicero a village called at this day
villa di Cicerone. After this we cum to the marvelous hilles of
sulphure, upon the whiche are sundrie litle holes that with great
force cast owt verie hott smoke and sum flames of brimstone. On
the side towards Puzzolo there is an open entrie into a large place
32 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
which is plaine and compassed abowt with hilles. At the on side
of this plaine there is a poole of boyling sulphure water, owt of
the which there arriseth a verie dark and black smoke. Yt
boilethe night and day, winter and sommer. The forme of yt
appearethe to ])e round, but it eutreth farther under the hill then
cann be discerned. Whatsoever is cast in here, is pluckt owt
again immediatlie after well sodd, and of necessitie there re-
maynethe a part of the same behinde still, for the hole cumeth not
furthe again. And yt hathe bine proved that when fowre egges
hath bine putt in, there have cum owt but three sodd. Of these
hilles of brimstoun syjeaketh Plini in lib. 35 cap. 14 in this wise :
' In Italia invenitur sulfur in Neapolitano Campanoque agro
coUibus qui vocantur Leucogabi, quod e cuniculis effossum, perficitur
These hilles bum on everie side and caste furthe into the aere
great smoke with a verie rank savor of brimstonn, the savor
wherof may be felt (when the winde liethe on that side) as far as
Naples. Which savor they recken verie helthsom for suche as
have rewmes and have taken cold in their heade. And the
boj'ling sulphure water they saye, is good to mollifie the raynes
and jointes, to clarifie the eyes, to heale the greefe of the stomake,
to helpe barren women to conceave, to drive away the agues and
to heale scabbes. Of these hilles of brimstonn the bisshoppe of
Puzzolo hathe great revenues yerelie.
A litle from these hilles we cum to the towne of Puzzulo,
situated on the seea side upon a litle hill and almost compassed
abowt with the seea. Betwixt this and Baia, whiche is three
miles and a sixe hundrethe pases, we may discern xiij foundations
in the seea for the arches of a bridge, whiche th'Emperor Galli-
cula had made to passe the next way unto Baia : there appeare
yet sum of the arches, but they are wonderousllie decayed. About
this towne are sundrie howses of pleaser, with their delicious
gardines and helthsom prospectes : also diverse antiquities and
manie great ruines, as an amphitheater, and a place under ground
called labirinto, for the multitude of the chambers in yt. By
Puzzulo in the way to Baia there is a spring of freshe water which
ariseth with such force owt of the ground and so abundantlie, that
for all it is within the seea, yet hathe it no tast of the salt water.
Keeping along by the seea side we com to a place called
Tripergola, where there is a hill covered with great sharpe stones
1.5.50] OF THOMAS HOBY 33
which Incketli litle of two miles in height ami iiij in coinpasse. .
This hill arrose sodainlie owt of the plaine sandie ground upon
St. Michale's daye in the yere of ovvr lord 1538 with suche a
terrible noise and suche violence that it cast stones as far as
Naples, not withowt the great terror of manie a man, yea and
abundance of asshes caried by the violence of the winde fell at
St. Severino, which is 24 miles from Naples : this hill a good space
after burnt in the toppe and cast fiirthe stones, but yt hath ceased
burning of late dayes. After this we cum to Baia, whiche beeing
in lengthe is likened unto an arm or a finger : in this place are
the notablest ruines to be descerned that are in all the rest of
Italye. For of a number of faire and plesant cities as were Baise,
Cuma, Linternum and such other, there is now nothing but
desolation and a sorte of olde ruines. Of this place speaketh
Horatius :
NuUus in orbe locus Bails pra3lucet amcenis.^
The notablest things here to be seene are these, Piscina Mirabile,
which is thowght was Lucullus' sommerhowse. Cento Canierele
which were under the ground to kepe water in, like chambres
passing by narowe dores owt of on into an other. And baynes
communlie called Bagni de Cicerone, where at a certain time in
the daye and likewise in the night there yssuethe owt of the rocke
warm water (with a great smoke) according to the increasing or
diminishing of the moone. Upon the toppe of these baynes in
the rocke, ascending upp by certain stayeres of stone, we find
a long hole made artificiallie within the rocke, sixe foote highe
and five brode, which is sommwhat croked ; within the whiche
yf a man stand on foote he shall feele a hott aere abowt his face
and ymmediatlie shall begin to sweat, thinking at the first entree
his breath shall be taken from him. But yf he then fall upon
his knees and encline to the paviment where he stoode, he shall
contrarilie feel a verie cold aer. This sweating place in these
baynes is said to be verie soveraign for diverse infirmities ; yt
purgethe the humors, yt comfortithe the heade and the stomak,
yt healethe rewmes and catarres, yt breaketh fleame, and yt
helpethe muche suche as are diseased of the gowte or the dropsie.
There are about this place a two or three and twentie baynes,
besides divers other springs of warm water whiche are good for
' Epl. I. i. 83.
VOL. X. (h) D
34 A BOOKE OF THE THAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
manie matters. Of the baynes sura are of great vertue for the
eyes, som for the liands, sora for the feete, som for the sides, som
other for the brayue. and manie for the gowte and dropsie. Here
is the lague of Averno, and also the lague of Lucrino, which have
bine so famous in tlie olde time. Averno is reported to be
300 fadom deepe, compassed round abowt with hige hilles saving
at the entrie into yt, fayned by the poetes to be the way unto hell.
Passing this arm or finger of earthe, which is five miles long
compassed abowt with the seea on three sides and the fowrthe is
five miles brode (whiche is also rauche narrower towardes the ende
of yt, evermore straiter and straiter and at_ last is less than a mile),
we cum unto the mines of Cuma, where emong other monstrous
matters there is a cave or hole under the earthe called Grotta di
Sybilla, which is a wondrous thing to beholde, cutt owt of the
verie rocke tenn foote brode and as manie high and five hundrethe
long, wrowght within wondrous artificiallie round abowt which
appearethe to be mosaicall woorke. There be diverse opinions of
yt. . Som say yt was the dwelling place of Sybilla Cumana. And
other imagin yt to be the waye under ground from Cuma to Baia,
whiche is not likelie there shuld suche great cost and curious
worke be bestowed upon a way to go uppe and downe. The entrie
into it hathe of late dayes bine stopped upp by the reason that
two or three have perished there within. Within the land abowt
xij miles from the seea standeth Capua upon the river of Vulturno,
which is not the olde Capua so muche spoken of by all writers,
but _\i; is built of the mines of yt. The olde Capua is abowt two
miles from yt, and standethe not upon the river. It is now called
Santa Maria Maggiore. There are to be seen great ruines of
mightie walles, towres, amphitheaters, gates, pillars, palaces, and
vawtes under the grounde whiche is a manifest pi'ofFof the magni-
ficense and noblenes yt was of in times past. Round abowt yt is
such a pleasant and bewtifull champaign countrey that yt j'S not
written for nowght how Hannibal prospered alwais and obtayned
victorie against the Romanes untill he had overcum Capua and
wintred there. For in this space his souldiars gave themselves
to such deliciousnes as well in excesse of delicate fare as other
sensuall pleasures, that they were no more soldiars for the feelde
but rather knights for a ladie's chamber ; after the whiche time he
had never good successe in none of his affaires. This Capua is
abowt xviij miles from Naples. In the midway there is a town
1550] OF THOMAS HOBY -35
called Aversa, which is said was built by the ruines of the citie
Attella by Robert (Juiscardi when he beseaged Naples and Capua,
and named it so bicause yt shuld be contrarie to them bothe.
On the north side of Naples passing by the pleasant palaice of
Poggio Reale, where so manie gardines of pleasant and sundrie
frutes are, with sundrie conveyances of water, we cum to a towne
called Aecerra, eight miles owt of Naples, wherof Livie makethe
mention in manie places, also Virgil in these verses.
Talem dives arat Capua, et vicina Vesevo
Ora iugo, et vacuis Clanin^^ non aequus Acerris.
Eight miles beyond this is a towne called Arienzo or Arzento,
standing on the side of the hill Tisata, which is above Capua and
stretchethe thither, where we passe throwgh them into a valley
called Valle de Gardano ; compassed abowt with hilles after the
form and maner of an amphitheatrum, which was wont to be
named Vallis Caudina. Livius described it in this sort in the
beginning of his ix'^ book : ' After the straite passe betwext two
hilles there is a faire plaine feelde whiche a man may beholde
compassed about with two verie highe hilles which are verie rockes
in deede and great wooddes upon them.' The waye is throwghe
the middle of this feelde ; and so cummethe to the passag where
these two hilles joine on the other side, whiche is a niuche narrower
waye and a great deal more troblsom then the cumniing in was
before. At this narrow passage there is latlie built a litle
monasterie called Santa Maria del giogo for a memorie of the olde
shame that the Romanes receaved there by the Samnites, as Livi
makethe mention. Somwhat by yond this monasterie there is a
litle walled towne called Arpaia, 4 miles from the above named
Arienzo : After that we cum to Moute Sarcio, six miles from
thense, whiche is a prettie walled towne, and Livi makethe
mention of yt. Then we cum to the river Sabbato, that goethe
into Vnlturno, which we passe over twise upon two faire bridges,
and so we arrive at the citie of Benevento, 34 miles owt of Naples.
This is a verie auntient citie. It was first built of Diomedes, and
onse yt was named Maleventum. Yt is situated at the verie end
of a hill and from the castle whiche is on the toppe of the hill yt
is alwais descending into the plaine. Yt standeth in the confines
of Terra di Lavoro, Abruzzo and Puglia [Apulia]. Yt is belonging
to the chamber of Roome. I was informed for a truthe, beeing there
D 2
36 A BOOKE OF TFIE TRAVAILE AND MEl' [l.5oO
together with Mr. Edward Stradling, that there were within the
towne and in other places abowt yt, which are belonging to the
towne, to the number of 18 thowsand menn that were banished
owt of Naples and other partes of the kingdom : and here they
may live in safgnard, for that the Emperor liatlie nothing to do
with yt. The whiche seamed to me a verie Strang thing, being as
it is within the hart of the kingdom and the king to have nothing
a do with yt, to punish trayters and such evell disposed parsons as
move sedition and rebellion against him. There be within the
citie raanie faire antiquities and emong other there is a round
churche called San Stefano with the gate of brasse which is not
muche inferior to Santa Maria rotunda in Roome. Yt hathe (like
unto that in Room) a hole in the toppe which letteth in all the
light that cumethe into the churche. There is also a verie
bewtifull triumphall arke of the Emperor Nerva, which for the
bewtie of the fine marble and for the good workmanshippe may
be compared to anie in Roome : Yt is now on of the gates of the
citie communlie called Portaurea. On bothe sides wherof is the
inscription verie legible :
Imp, Cffisari divi Nervte filio
Nervfe Traiano optimo Aug :
Germanico Dacico Pontif. Max. trib.
Potest. XVIIII. Imp. VII. Cos, VI P.P,
Fortissimo Principi Senatus P.Q,R.
The countrey abowt under the citie named Valle de Benevento
a verie pleasant and delectable plaine, verie fertile and vvondrouslie
inhabited, and full of clere and bewtifull springs of freshe water.
Gumming back again from thense there is on the left hand the
towne of Nola, a famous citie in times past, within 11 miles of
Naples, which hath a goodlie plaine counti-ey round about yt, closed
on the on side with the hill Tisata that cummethe from Capua,
and on the other with the hill Vesevus, communlie called Monte di
Somma, Betwext Nola and Naples there is standing on the side
of Monte di Somma a towne called Somma, according to the name
of the hill. This hill is on all sides verie frutefull except it bee in
the toppe, whiche is full of great sharpe burnt stones. There
growethe upon yt verie parfect Greeke wine whiche is communlie
called Greco di Somma, and all kindes of delicate frutes. This
hill burnt in Plinie's time, who went abowt to serche owt the cause
1550] OF THOMAS HOBY 37
o^ yt and was snioclred in the smoke. On the east side of Naples
abowt 8 miles owt of the citie is a towne called Turre del (Jreco at
the verie rootes of Monte di Somma by the seea side, so called
bicause it was in times past built by a Grecian. And here is the
wine Greco shipped to be transported into sundrie places of Italie.
Betwext Naples and this towne is a faire palaice called Pietra
Bianca, where Don Francesco Deste, the Duke of Ferrarae's brother,
was then, abowt the which are sundrie pleasant places. From Turre
del Gi'eco unto Turre della Nuntiata [Torre Annunziata] are also
8 miles, which is a pretie litle castle upon the seeaside. From
thenseto Nucera [Nocera] is other 8 mile. This is a ruinous towne
and is rather like a sort of villages together in a vale betwext
hilles, then a towne : yet is there bothe a duke of yt and a
bisshoppe belonging to yt whose name was Paulus Jovius,^ which
diede aftereward in the yere of our Lord 1553, a famous writer.
Departing from hense we passed throwghe the vale and cam
by Cava and Vietro, and so over the rocks to Salerno, which is 9
mile from Nucera. Yt standeth upon a hille's side by the seea verie
pleasantlie, gardines & prospectes abowt it in great quantitie bring-
inge furthe all kindes of frutes in grete abundance, as oranges,
lemones, poungarnettes, citrons, melones, figgs, and such other of
all sorts : also diverse kindes of wines verie delicate and precious.
Here was wont to be a famous schoole, but of late dayes it
hathe bine removed to Naples, not withowt the great displeaser of
the prince, called Fernando di Sanscurrino, whiche delited muche
to entertaine all kind of strangers. Above the towne there is a
faire castle upon the rock where the prince liethe, which hathe
manie goodlie prospectes and helthsom aeres abowt it, as well
towards the seea as the hilles abowt, upon the whiche groweth
almost nothing but rosemarie.
My Journey into Sicilia.
After I had well vewed whatsoever was to bee seene bothe
within the citie of Naples and in the countrey abowt the same, I
tooke a journey upon me to goo throwghe the dukedom of Cala-
bria by land into Cicilia, both to have a sight of the countrey and
also to absent my self for a while owt of Englishemenne's companie
' Paulus Jovius, born at Como, 1483. A famous Italian historian ; authoi of
Historia stci Temporis.
38 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
for the timg's sake. And the xi'' of Feljruarie I departed uwt of
Naples on this jorney as followethe :
) 1 From Naples to Nucera
xxij
ml
vi"
IX''
xviij'^'
iiij™>
6 From Nucera to Salerno
) From Salerno to Moll ere .
9 From thense to El)oli .
A 2 ,, ,, „ the Scafa .
The name of this river is Silare, but it is communlie called
la Scafa, Hitherto stretchethe the uttermost bondes of Terra di
lavoro.
) From thense to Cicignana [Sicignano] . . xiiij™'
) „ „ „Auletta .... vj->
This towne belongethe to the Erie of Congia.
) From thense to Pola ..... iij""^
Here beginnethe the pleasant vale called valle di Diano, which
taketh his name of a castle therbye called Diano. At the entring
into this vale on the right hand there is a cave or denn within the
rock whiche is abowt 30 feet in height and 50 wide ; this cave is
full of running cleere water, and in the middle of the water there
is an altar which they call Altare di San Michael, and the water
is so abundant abowt it, that it appearethe to be a litle lague. Of
this great abundance of water hathe a river his beginning called
Negro, which makethe a great rumerous noise untill he cumethe
into the middes of the vale. This vale is xx miles in lengthe
and iiij in breadthe. The hilles abowt it are so inhabited as it is
wonder to behold. Yt bringethe furthe marvelous plentie of corn
and all kindes of frutes.
) From Pola to Ateno ..... iiij™'
) 3 From thense to Sala ..... iiij™^
3 From thens to Padula. .... iiij*"^
To this town of Padula stretchethe the principalitie of Salerno.
This is a faire towne situated at the rootes of the hill. It be-
longethe to Don Francesco Deste, the Duke of Ferrarae's brother
who maried the Ladie IMai'y Cardoua that was wiff unto Anthony
Cardona Marques of Padula, who died in the yere 1513. And now
th'Emperor for his good service hathe confirmed yt unto Don
Francesco. Withowt this towne of Padula there is hard by the
15.50] OF THOMAS H015Y 39
walle's side a moiiasterie of charter friers called San Lorenzo di
Padula, which is walled abowt and seemethe as bigg as the towne
of Padula, which hathe within yt pleasant gardines and faire
rowmes, with princelie conveiance of things all abowt yt. . This
monasterie may dispend in revenues tln-ee pounds of gold a day,
which animountethe to fourescore and fowretine crownes the
pound, and in English money it is above thirtie poundes. On
pound of gold they receave a day to the proper use of themselves,
all costs and charges besides born and discharged. They are in
number as manie friers as there are dayes in the yere, that is to
say three hundrethe three score and fowre. They have in the
monasterie officers' servannts attending upon them and dailie
laborars two hundrethe.
Here we cost ^ from the vale nppe the hill after we cum to
Montesano, which standeth at the rootes of the hill.
) From Padula to Casal Nuovo .... xij"*'
This towne is on the side of the hill and belongethe to the
said monasterie of San Lorenzo.
After we have goone a mile from hense we enter into a great
thicke woode called Bosco del Pellegrino, whiche is verie
jeopardous to passe. For there do the banisshed men of the
kingdom lie manie times for their praye, and many a man is there
robbed and slaine in the yere by them.
) From Casal Nuovo to Lago Negro . . . viij""*
) From thense to Luria [Lauria] . . . viij™'
Here be sharpe mountaynes to passe and wonderous to beholde
on all sides with infinit springs of water. . This towne, th'inhabit-
ants saye, belongethe to the prince of Salerno. And after we are
cum a vi or vii miles from yt, we enter into an other woode not
all thing so jepardous as the first, called Bosco di Castelluccio or as
som say, Silva de Lusillo.
9 4 From Luria to Castelluccio .... viij""'
This towne belongeth to the Baron della Crone. Atter we are
past this towne we cum to a river called Lauso [Lao], whereupon
standethe a litle towne named Laino, throwghe the which this
' Murray gives, to coast = to pass by, along, round; the word is used again by
Hoby.
40 A BOOKE OF THK TR.VVAILE AND LIEF [looO
river rannethe : wheras the Dukedom of Calabria beginnithe
which dothe alwais appertain unto the Kiug of Naples' eldest sonn.
After we passe this we enter into verie sharp and stonie hi lies.
) From Castelluccio to Rotonda . . . xiiij™'
This is a pretie towne well compact abowt a round hill, and
bicanse the howses are on all sides joyning together and stand
bound on by an other, therfor (I think) it is so named. After we
have goone a good while from hense we cum at lengthe to descende
from the hilles throwghe a strait, sharpe, roode and stonie waye,
which a man wolde judge to have been cutt owt of the rock by
force of hand, for it is on both sides as yf a man shulde enter into
a gate. When we are doone these hilles we cum into a faire
plaine, and on the right hand there is upon the hille's side the
towne of Murano.
9 From Rotonda to Murano . . . . xij™'
Rotondo and Morano bothe do belong unto the prince of
Bisignano.
0 5 From Morano to Castro Villare . . . iiij°»^
Th'Emperor made duk of this town, Giovan Battista Cariati,
Count of Cariati and surrnamed Spinello, who had Don Pietro de
Toledo in great indignation which was vicere of Naples, for
heaping his syster as his concubine, making him beleave he wold
marye herr.
This towne is situated at the end of the aforesaid plaine, and at
the departing owt of it we descend a wondrous way downwards
from the hill. By the way upon the right hand we may see
Altomonte on the hill, within a mile wherof are the wonderous
mines of salt. And a litle by yonde them are marvellous hige
hilles upon the which is continuallie great abundance of suowe,
which by the heate of the sonn dothe congele and becommethe
cristall, wherof there is great abundance upon those hilles.
In the vale that is over against Altomonte is manna ^ gathered
in the sommer time which fallethe from the aere in the night :
and so much more abundantlie yf after a great raign the daye
' Manna. The Encyclopadias tell us that manna is now obtained in Sicily
and South Italy by making incisions in the bark of a tree known as the flowering or
manna ash.
1550] OF* THOMAS HOBY 41
before there folow a cleere night. This mauna is gathered upon
trees that have leaves like unto a plurame tree. There is two
sortes of yt, the on fallethe upon the leaves (which is the prefectest)
and the other upon the bodie and bowes of the tree. And of this
they mak great merchandise.
A From Castro villare to thentrie into the vale of
Grati, whiche is so named by the river . xxij™^
This vale is verie long but somwhat narrowe. In the middle
of yt runneth the river Grati, whiche is augmented on everie side
with other litle riverse that cum into yt, as the rivers Finito,
Settimo, Sordo, Busento, and Saunto, which is the river that in
times past hathe bene so famous, called Acheron. The vale is a
goodlie plaine peice of grownde, with hilles on bothe sides which
are wonderous frutefuU and marvelouslie inha[bi]ted with townes
and villages.
6 6 From thentrie into the vale to Cosenza . xxij"*'
Following a long the vale we arrive at lengthe at the end of yt,
where we enter into part of the towne Oonsenza called il Borgo,
and so passe the bridg over the river Grati to cum into the citie,
which dothe appeare to be but a strete in lengthe. This citie is
the head of all Calabria, called in times past Consentia by old
writers. The greatest part of yt standethe upon the side of the
hill Appennine which cummethe throwghe the middle of Italye,
built upon seven litle hilles. And for this the armes of the towne
are vij hilles. Upon the toppe of the hill on hige towardes the
sowthe there is a strong castle, unto the which the towne and
the places abowt is subject. The countrey abowt is verie frutefull
and hath abundance of corn, frutes and good wines. In the higlie
churche called the Archbisshopricke there is a coffin by the walle's
side with the armes of Fraunce upon yt, where (they of the towne
saye) liethe the body of Charles the Great, sometime king of
Fraunce. Upon the toppe of the hill by the castle there are
sundrie olde mines in great quantitie of auntient buildings. In
the Borgo on this side the river there is a greate churche of S*^
Dominik wherein is this epitaflf upon a tumbe.
Hoc sita sunt Petri Rodorici membra sepulcro
Ultima preclarum quern tulit Esperia.
42 A HOOKE OF THE TKAVAILE AND LIEF [l550
PriBtor erat Calabris vita, set febribus ante
lieu quam Prastura: munera functus obijt.
Quo pietate prior nemo et ferventior sequi ;
Famam orbs, ossa solum, spiritus astra colit.
Livi makethe oft mention of this towne, and in on place he
saithe how the people called Brutii were yelded to Hannibal, and C.
Servilius Consul made a peace with Consentia and the other people.
The river Grati, called in old time Gratis, hathe his beginning
abowt a six miles above Cosenza on the est side owt of a plentiful!
fountain of water. When it cummith to the towne yt is faire and
larar, and there entrethe into him before he cummethe under the
bridge the river called Busento ; which two waters, as th inabitants
report, have two sundrie vertues. For thone, that is to say Grati,
yf a man washe his heade or silk in the water of yt, the heare and
the silk becum an aubern or flexie colowr. And the water of
Busento on the other side makethe yt to becum sumwhat black
and of a dark colowr : according to these verses of Ovid in the 15
booke of Metamorph :
Gratis et huic Sybaris nostris conterminus oris,
Electro similes faciunt, auroque capillos.
And the water of Grati is counted verie helthsom for manie
infirmities. It is not verie cleere by the reason that it cummeth
with such a force downe from the mountaynes of a great height.
9 7 From Gosenza to L'Aielo [Ajello] . . xvj"'^
After we passe Cosenza we ascende uppe upon verie highe hilles
and emong them we travell so long till at last we arrive at Aielo,
which standethe upon a hill and hathe a verie straite, sharp and
stonie way unto yt. Above the towne is a fair large castle where
the count liethe that is owner of the towne, and yt is almost as
hige above the towne as the towne is from the valleye where we
ascende situated upon a verie rock. Owt of this castle there is a
faire prospect over all the hilles and plaines abowt. From L'Aielo
towards San Biasi we cum upon a highe hill nighe unto the place
called Golfo di San Eufemia, where the countrey is but xx miles
in breadetbe and a man may discern upon that hill the seeas that
are on both sides of Italie, that is to saye to Golfo di San Eufemia,
and the golf on the other side called Golfo di Squilacci. In this
countrey they burn no candles and litle oyle, but their light is a
looO] OF THOMAS HOBY 43
kind of wood wbiclie burnethe like a torche, beeing kept drie. The
wines here are to extreme colde to be dronk of suche as are not
accustomed to them. Before we cum to 8t. Biasi wee ride
throwghe a woode verie thick and jeopardous to passe called Bosco
di Santo Mazzio, whiche hathe bine most famous for robberies and
murtheres committed in yt, of all the rest within the realm. For
the theves did not onlie robb in great companies within yt, but
also yf they sawe a number ride so stronglie together that they
thowght not themselves able to mak their part in good, they had
emong the trees certain peices of artillarie to discharg at them,
whiche were the deathe of manie a man. But now all the wood
that was anie thing nige unto the high waye is burnt downe, and
the trees remaine full of coles, withowt eyther leaf or bowe abow
them, and some lying upon the earthe half burnt. This was done
by th'Emperor's commandment when he passed bye there. At owr
cuming owt of this wood we may descern a faire plaine and a
bewtiful countrey, full of plesant places abundant with sundrie
kindes of frutes. And on the left hand we may see the towne of
Nicastro with the countrey abowt ytwell tilled and verie plentifull,
which is a great delite to beholde.
9 From Aielo to San Biasi .... xx*"^
This towne belongethe to the Count of Nicastro.
A 8 From thense to a river called Scala . . xvj™^
d From thense to Montelion Duke ^ . . . viij™^
This hath been an auntient towne in times past, as it dothe
appeare by certain great ruines there and old statures.
9 9 From thense to Seminara .... xxx"^^
This is a pretie towne well inhabited and a plentifull countrey
round abowt yt, of corn, fruts, wine, and in especiallie olives great
abundance. Yt belongethe to the Count. When we bee past
Seminara we ascend uppe the Appennine upon the which we may
beholde the plentifull and frutefull countrey abowt yt, all tilled
full of vines and frute trees. Travailing thus upon the Apennine
we may descern Vulcano, Strongoli [Stromboli] and the yles there
abowt within the see, and also Mongibello laden with snowe within
Sicilia.
) From Seminara to Fiumara del Moro . . . x""^
' The word ' Duke ' has been added later, and probably is the name of an inn.
44 A HOOKE OF THE TKAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
Before we arive here we descend somwhat from the Apennine a
verie steepe and narrowe waye. This litle towne is situated upon a
rock with water round abowt yt, belonging to a barron that takethe
his name of it. After we arrive at Fiumare del Moro we yet descend
more into a valley, whereas is great abundance of the trees called mori,
with the which silkewormes are fedd ; and by them paradventure the
towne taketh his name. In this valley full of frutfuU trees on all
sides, we ride bye abundance of vines, arange trees, and limones.
Here we leave the Appennine which keapethe more within the land
and goeth to lieggio. Upon the side of him cumming downe we
mav easlie see into Sicilia and plainlie descern the straigt that is
betwext it and Italie. In this valley we folowe the litle river that
cummethe from Fiumare del Moro untill he enter into the seea.
A From Fiumare del Moro to Catona . . . iiij"^
Here staudethe hard upon the seea an olde decayed towre by the
which is a verie beggerlie house made for an ynn called Catona, to
receave such as take passage from thense to Messina, and when
there want passiugers, to lodge the bardge menn that are con-
tinuallie there with their vessells readie to transport passengers
unto the other side, which is but sixe miles over. This passage is
much used of the people of the countrey to and fro. From hense
to Reggio, which is counted the verie end of Italie, are vij miles,
gooing still in the plaiue valley betwext the Appennine and the
seea. This towne hathe often bine vexed, spoiled, and destroied.
And not long sith yt hathe receaved great damage by Earba-
rossa : ^ yt is abundant with faire litle rivers and clere springs, and
besett in everie place with pleasant gardines replenisshed with all
kinds of frutes, and in especiallie aranges, which are so plentifull
there and of suche a biggnes that they are most desired in 8icilia
above all other for a great delicasie.
i 10 From lieggio to Messina .... xij"*^
There is in this towne on of the fairest portes in Europe, stand-
ing as well for the Levant and all those quarters as for the Ponent.
The towne standethe sumwhat upon the side of a hill, betwext the
hill and the port. Upon the hill there are two or three faire
castles, kept by Spaniardes. Yt is more in lengthe then in
' Biubcarossa. Khiiir-ed-Din Barbarossa, the famous pirate, conqueror of
Tunis and admiral of the Turkish fleet in 1533, died 1546.
1.5.50] OF THOMAS HOBY 45
breadethe. The chefFest thing for antiquitie I sawe there, were
the heades of Scipio and Hannibal when they were yong menn, in
stone. The verie same (they of the citie say) that in times past
were sent unto the communeweale of ^fessina by the senate and
people of Roome in token of the good will towardes the towne, for
the fidelitie and great good will they alwais bore to the Romanes ;
pi-esenting them with the heade of him that had done so muche
goode to Roome, and also of him who was the cruellest enemie
that ever Roome had. These remaine straightlie kept in the
towne house of Messina, and not to bee seene, withowt yt be for
friendshippe, to straungers. For a new worke and that not
finisshed at my being there, I saw a fountaine of verie white marble
graven with the storie of Acteon and such other, by on Giovan
Angelo,' a florentine, which to my eyes is on of the fairest peece of
worke that ever I sawe. This fountain was appointed to be sett
uppe before the hige churche where there is an old on alreadie.
Here is an old palaice belonging unto the Kings of Sicilia, and now
most part of it is built a new from the groound : upon the front of
the palaice is this inscription :
Regia sum regum studijs fundata piorum,
Y^quoreum lustrando sinum lithusque decorum.
Exhibuit formam quam vides nunc Fridericus
Rex plus eximius summa3 virtutis amicus.
An° M° viceno cumque ccc et nono Dni.
After two dayes abode in Messina and [having] vewed what
was to bee seene there, I departed from thense towardes Siracuse.
A From Messina to Ali by the sea side . . xv™^
) 1 From thense to Tauromina[Taormina] . . xv"'
Cicero makethe oft mention of this towne in his orations against
Verres. Yt standethe upon a hill not farr from the seea, and
abowt yt are verie auntient mines. By yonde this towne as we go
to Catania are growing a great number of canes of suger called
canneraele. Yt is a plaine countrey full of marisshes untill we
cum upon the rootes of Mongibello, called in the old time /Etna :
which we do long before we cum to Catania.
9 2 Fi'om Tauromino to Catania . . . xxx™^
• Giovanni Agnolo Montorsoli, died 1-5G3. A description of his work at
Messina is given in Vasari's Lives.
46 A BOOKE OF THK TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
This towne is placed upon the seea side at the rootes of Mongi-
bello Yt staudethe most by fisshermenn, that travaill the seea
day and night. It hath bine a famous citie in times past, but now
there is litle to be seene abowt it, except tlie ruines of an old
aqueduct which browght water above ground from a farr of. And,
paving of late yeres, there could no water be found abowt
the towne, which hath bine the decay of this aqueduct. The
towne of Catania is built with ruggie heavie stone full of litle
holes, which th'inhabitants saye have in times past bine cast owt of
Mongibello. True it is indeed that such kinde of stone lie in
great quautitie abowt the hill, which to look upon a man wold
judge no lesse but they cam owt of fire : and before we cum to the
rootes of this hill we find none of them abowt the countreye, but
there is suche abundance that they wearie both mann and beast to
travaill upon.
This hill /Etna or (as it is now named) i\Iongibello [was] verie
famous emong the writers of old time ; th'inhabitants of the towne
of Catania call yt by no other name but their hill, yet is yt from
thense to the verie toppe litle lack of xxx miles, as they tolde me,
alwais ascending, yeven from the towne, thowghe not much at the
first. It is a verie uneasie waye by the reason of the great
quautitie of great and sharpe stones that are upon yt. The hill
is round, bigg, and nige none other, the toppe is alwais laded with
snowe, and speciallie in the winter time, for then (they saye)
within sixe mile of the toppe yt is covered for the space of sixe
monthes : and except a mann waite a time in the month ot
Julie or August, yt is not possible to go to the toppe. The verie
toppe is flatt and compasseth a great matter more then it
appearethe a far of, whereas in the on part yssuethe owt smoke at
a wide hole manie times to be descerned when there blowethe a
sowthe east winde, abowt the evening like unto a litle cloud.
The other part is alwais covered with abundance of snowe, which
in the sommer time meltethe awaye and there makethe a great
lague where beastes wandring abowt the hill refreshe themselves.
But it is never withowt great quantitie of snowe neyther winter
nor sommer.
Mine intent was beeing here in Catania to have made a
journey to the toppe of the hill, but th'inhabitants persuaded me
to the contrairie, saing that the snowe was so thick, the way so
troublesom, and the cold so extreme, that I shuld not be able to
1550] OF THOMAS HOHY 47
bring my purpose to passe. (And again which was worst of all)
there was no lodging to be had : and to goo and com back again
but from the hither most part of the snovve which liethe upon the
hill, they said it was not possible in a daye. Th'inhabitants of the
towne saye that in times past the hill was accustomed everie
three score or foure score yeres at the farthest, to cast owt great
streames of fire like unto a river, which cam from the toppe of the
hill unto the verie walles of the towne and manie times put the
towne in great perill, burning all that part of it that was next unto
yt. I demaunded the question of them whie it raged not so still
heaping his accustomed due time ; and this fonde answere was
made me. ' Bicause (say they) we have now a protectrice and
defender from yt, called Santa Agatha, to whom the great churche
of the towne is dedicated, and when soever anie likelihoode is of
this kind of rage, herr holie bodie (which is here reserved within
the churche) is ymmediatlie browght furthe in procession, and
incontineutlie yt asswageth, or at the least it refrayneth, thowghe
not altogether from flaming, yet from annoying the towne in suche
sort as it was accustomed in time to fore.' And this they say hath
bine onse done in the memorie of man. But th'onlie occation
whie it neyther ragethe, burnethe, flamethe nor smokethe at this
present as it hathe done in thold time, is, that matter within
wantethe, which in these manie hundrethe yeres hathe done
nothing but consume : and therfor at this present it neyther
flamethe nor yet castethe owt such quantitie of stones eiiie more.
But smoke it dothe a litle now and then, which a man shall see
arise from the toppe like a litle white cloude. This hill may be
seene well an hundrethe miles by land and two hundrethe by seea.
It raignethe seldom eyther winter or sommer but it fillethe the
toppe of it with snowe, as I have wondred myself lying upon
the seea, to see with a litle mistie raign in the evening, what
abundance of snowe was augmented upon the hill by the morning.
From Catania to the passage of a river [Simeto] . viij"^
This is on of the fairest rivers in all Sicilia, called by none other
name vulgarlie but fiume de Catania. It is large, deepe and of a
somwhat sweeft stream. His beginning is partlie owt of Mongi-
bello, but principallie owt of the hilles by yonde that.
) 3 From thense to Lintini ..... x°*'
0 4> „ ,, ,, Siracusa . . . .xxiiii'"'
48 A nOOKE OF THK TRAVATLE AND LIEF [lo.50
This is tlie tovvne so famous in all writer's both greeke and
latin, which hath bine esteamed on of the principallest cities of all
Greece. This it was, that Dionisiiis the tirant was king of, and
wherein he played so manie tiranicall partes. The name of it
doth still I'emaine, but the bewtee and majestie of it is cleane
decayed. No part of it is now inhabited but onlie that which was
wont to be the least part of the citie, called the iland. And
indeed it is an yland, saving that at the entrie where the gate is,
there is a litle peace of grownd of a xl foot broode. After our
entrie at the gate, we cum into a large greene, and by yonde that
is the towne, situated upon a rocke, built thick together. Over
against this rocke on the other side, which a man wold not judge
passing xx score, is the maine land of Sicilia ; and in at that
straite cumethe the seea whiche makethe a verie large and bewti-
full haven within the land of a great compasse. At this narrow
passage of the seea into the haven is a strong castle kept by the
Spaniardes, within the which is a lauttern to bee scene a farr of.
The auntientest thing within the towne is the highe church built
upon olde great pillars. Undernethe the rocke there issuethe owt
suche abundance of water and so sweeftlie that it is straunge to
behold : and it cumethe not xl foote from the rocke but it entrethe
into the haven. This springe or litle river that I may call it
findeth all the towne with water, and thither they bring asses
with great earthen pottes upon their backs to fetch it home to
their howses. It issueth from under the rocke as thowgh it had
some trouble by the way, as the water hath that cummeth from an
hige mountain emong great stones. The colour of it is like unto
water when it is sodd. In drinking it bathe a tast above other
waters somwhitt like unto whay. Of the origion of it there have
bine sundrie opinions. For sum have ghessed that it cummeth
from Arcadia, where it entrethe into the earthe and goethe under
the seea and so ariseth again in this place, according to Ovid, lib.
V. Metamorph : [line 573]
Quae tibi causa fuga? ? Cur sis Arethusa sacer fons ?
and again in the same place : [line 640]
Delia rupit humnm : cacisque ego mersa cavernis
Advehor Ortigiam :
The Siracusani that inhabited the citie were also called Arethn-
looO] OF THOMAS IIOBY 49
sides by the name of this fountain, as Ovid makethe mention
4< Fast.^ Utque Siracusas Arethusidas abstuHt armis Claudius. Sum
other say it cummethe owt of the yland of Sicilia : which in my
opinion is unliklie, bicause the towne or the yland of Siracusa is
invironedon the land side with drie rocks and betwext those rocks
and the towne there is a plaine where we enter into the towne.
And again it is to great abundance of water, and issuethe owt to
swiftlie, to have his beginning in the litle rocke upon the whiche
the towne standethe invironed with salt water. Not farr from this
fountain there are certain springes within the seea which arrise
owt of the bottom and discover on the toppe withowt anie tast at
all of the salt water.
Withowt the towne there are sundrie ruines abowt the port,
which compasseth above xii miles, where the clieef of the citie
was wont to bee, which was divided into seven townes. The
principall matters to be seene there, is the fore fi*ont of a church
dedicated to Jupiter, which standethe upon a litle round hill and
was in the middle of the citie. A theater cutt by force of hand
owt of the verie rocke adjoyniug to the citie, in the toppe wherof
yssuethe owt at a hole owt of the rocke a faire spring of freshe
water. There is also a hole or cave in the rocke like a vawte a
XXX foote brode, which th'iuhabitants say hathe no end ; for
diverse have gone so farr that for lacke of aere their torches have
gone owt, and for want of light and aere wold go no farther. This
cave is a straunge thinge to beholde, being by art cutt into the
hard stone. Here are the ruines of Dionisius' palaice to be seene,
and also of the Latomi» that he made to punish trespasers.
In on part of the hill there is a great deepe pitt and brode,
where I beleve they had their stone in thold time to build the
citie. A\'hen I had taried three dayes in Siracusa attending for
passage to Malta, there arrived sodainlie in a night the galies of
Malta, upon the whiche I met with an Englishman called Richard
Lucas a gonner upon on of them, who persuaded me to goo back
again to Messina with them by seea, saing I shuld find nothing
at Malta worth the sight, withowt it were the knigts there, wherof
they had store upon their galies. These galies went to Messina
to be rigged, dressed and vittayled to accompanie Andrea Doria ^
' Fast. iv. 873.
* Andrea Doria (1468-1560). Genoese naval commander of great renown. See
p. 57, infra.
VOL. X. (h) E
50 A BOOKE OF THE THAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
on his journey to wynn again the towne of Aphrica [Timi^] upon the
seea in Barljary, whicli Dragout Rais' the famous rover upon those
seeas, had a litle before taken by force and fortified : the whiche
he browght to passe with great honor in the moneth of September.
We departed owt of Siracusa the second day of Marche and
were driven by force of wether to drawe to the port of Augusta,
which is xxiiij miles from Siracusa. In this port we Laye ij dayes.
for the wind was against us. Afterward we sett forwardes and
sailed to Messina fourscoz'e miles from thense.
By the arm of land that compassethe in the port of Messina
is the perilous place of Charibdis, much spoken of in times past,
which by the beating of the see against the said land is a great
surgess, over the which we cam with oure galie, which was
beginning to turn abowt : but the slaves putt to great labor, so
that at last we passed it, withowt daunger, and arrived in the port
of Messina, where after iiij dayes abodd I sett forwardes in a
shippe towardes Naples. And as we passed owt of the faro of
Masseno where the lantern is, which is a two miles and half brode
betwext Calabria and Sicilia, we cam by the other jeopardous
place called in times past Scylla, which is nothing elles but a great
rocke that leaneth owt into the seea on the side of Calabria, against
the which the salt water, driven by the violence of the windes,
reboundeth backe again with great force, not withowt the hasard
oftentimes of manie vessells. This rocke is holowe undernethe and
niakethe such a terrible noise (the water beating in and driven owt
again) that it hath caused the poetes to faine in this sort — Ovid.^
Altera Scylla monstrum medicamine Circes
Pube premit rapidos inguinibusque canes.
And Virgil making Elenas to speake to yEn^eas admonishing him
of the perill that was here, and faining the shape of Scylla (which
is a bare rocke withowt anything upon yt) saith in this sort —
^neid, lib. 3 : [line 426]
Prima hominis facies, et pulchro pectore virgo
Pube tenus ; postrema immani corpore pistrix,
Delphini caudas, utero commissa luporum.
' Dragout Eais. The Turkish pirate ; once taken prisoner by Andrea Doria,
but ransomed by Barbarossa. Killed at siege of Malta, 15G5.
- The pentameter, with ' rabidos ' for ' rapidos,' occurs Ovid, A7n. iii. 12, 23 ;
but the hexameter does not resemble the line given here, which is faulty.
looO] OF THOMAS HOBY 51
When we were past the faro of Messina and sailed all that
daye and the night folowing, there arrose a litle after midnight
sixche a contrarie winde that we were driven from the yland of
Strongoli [Stromboli] back again, and recovered the port of
]Melazzo, abowt xxx miles from Messina by Seea. In this port
before the towne of Melazzo we taried for better winde xiiij dayes,
withowt camming to land at all in all these dayes. Bicause the
maner is here and likewise in all other ports towardes the levant,
that no man shall be suiired to take land withowt the master
of the shipp bring a certificat from whense he cummeth, the
which we did not, thinking full litle that we shuld be driven upon
that coast again, after we were onse departed. Neither had our
master anie certificat from Barletta, wher he laded corn for Naples,
and therfor neythur he nor anie of his companie cold not be
permitted to cum a land, neyther at Messina nor here. When we
wold have anie victualles or anie thing elles we had neede of, there
were cei'tain of the shipp appointed to go to the verie edge of the
shore, and there to call to on that is appointed there for that
onlie purpose, who causeth it to bee browght thither ymmediatlie,
and after the bargain is made, the victualles are laide downe upon
some stone, and the bringer goethe from yt : thin goethe on of
the shippe to receave yt and laethe downe so much monie for yt,
as ther covenant was betwext them, and so convayethe it to the
shippe.
The occation of this is bicause the plague rayneth so muche in
the parties of levant, that they are loth to practise with anie that
cummeth from thense. But if anie man cam from the Ponent
they make not the matter so straigt.
This towne of Melazzo seemethe to bee strong for that it hath
bine newlie fortified all abowt. Yt standethe upon a hill above
the seea. I have bine informed that at suche time as Principe
Doria was wont everie sommer to sette furthe his armye bye seea,
to find owt the great Cowrsar Dragon th Pais, he hathe bine seen
to entre into this port and the rovar Dragouth to cum furthe of it
at the verie same time, withowt anie stroke geven. When I
demanded the question what was th'occation therof, they answered
me that on rover wold not take another. But the Prince spent
everie yere the'mperor's monie to entertaine good fellowes that
lacked wages, and not to come to anie handstroke.
Here abowt upon certain rocks within the seea groethe plentie
£ 2
52 A BOOKE OF THE TKAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
of course corall bothe redd & wliitte. When the wether was
faire and had winde at will, we departed from Melazzo and coosted
the ylandes abovvt Sicilia, and cam by Lipari, whiche is a plentifull
peece of ground and a prettie towne .standing a hige upon a hill.
There is a place within this yland that a fewe yeres sith did burn :
and the fond opinion of menn is that bicause it was very noisom
to the countrey, the maydens upon a time vowed to drinke
nothing but water, wherupon it ceased, and burnt no more never
sins. Also Vulcano which castethe owt with great abundance
thicke and darke smoke whiche hathe a verie evell savor.
Besides these, Salina which compasseth litle more than a mile
and a half, and bringeth furthe fruts of sundrie sortes, which
amount to viii hundreth ducats a yere, as I was enfowrmed.
After this we cum by Panaria and Strongoli [Stromboli], which is
a litle hill and sharp in the toppe, where as with a sowtheast
winde, arrisethe a wondrous great flame everie half quarter of an
howre, with such flasshes of fire that cumming by it at midnight
being verie darke, we might in the shippe decern on another as
well as by day light. Abowt this yland is almost nothing to bee
scene but all asshes, emong the whiche are pumishe stones which
are so light that they flee upp with the flame and so fall in the
asshes. Yf they be taken before they towche the salt water they
are verie good and perfect : there is greate abundance of them
that falling into the seea are caried upon the coast of Calabria,
and manie times left upon the drie land. We cam towardes
Naples betwext the yland of Crapi [Capri] and Capo di Minerva,
that is on the other side of Baia, which two points of earthe make
the golf that cummethe in to Naples. Betwext Naples and Sicilia
it is reckoned as much by seea as by land, that is three hundrethe
miles.
We cam to Naples the xxvj'' of Marche, within xvij dayes after
owr setting owt from Messina. In the shippe I cam in there was
an Englisheman a gunner there, called Jhon Orpinn, who was
maried in Naples.
After mine arrivall in Naples I found there newlie com thither
Mr. Edward Stradling, Frauncs AVilliams, Jhon Handfoot, and
Thomas Grinwaye. Mr. Parkar and Mr. Barker were departed,
whom I found not afterward untill I cam to Siena again. Being
thus in Naples we made a journey together to Salerno, which they
were desirous to see, and we departed in a bote to Castel Mare,
1660] OF THOMAS HOBY 53
wliicli is xviij miles. This towne stanclethe at the rootes of the
hill that goethe owt into the seea to make the promonterie of
Minerva, Here is great abundance of faire springes of water, and
the countrey verie plesant, and plentious of good frates. From
hense we passe to Nucera, which is viij miles, and from thense to
Salerno as manie. When we had seen Salerno sufficientlie we
entred into a bote to go a long the faire coost of Amalfi, which is
praysed to be on of the pleasantest peices of ground in all Italie.
This coost is xx miles in length e, which is all of sharpe and hige
hilles, on the side wherof such plentie of townes, villages, and
howses of pleasure are planted so thicke together, that a man
wold judge them, passing along by them on the seea, to be
all together but on citie. These plesant places are marvelouslie
inhabited, where a mann shall see all kindes of frutes in great
perfection, as arange, limones, citrons, cedar trees, olives, plummes,
poungarnetts, cheries, and such other, which shuld be long to
repete. Besides these, vines of great estimation and such abun-
dance of savorous flowres that it is no less pleasure to behold them
then to smell to them. The aere is verie temperat, and is open
on the seea almost on everie side. On the toppe of the hill there
is a towne called Rovello, which appearethe afarr of to be verie
faire. Benethe that on the hilles side is Maggiore, of a bewtifull
building, and Minore, two faire townes. The seeas went so hige
and the winde was so contrarie that we were driven of force to
land at Minore, which is x miles from Salerno. Here is wonderous
plentie of parfect good vine greco which I marvailed much to see
sold so good chepp : for a caraffa which is abowt a quart Englishe
was sold for viij cavallucci, which is scarse iij farthings. From
hense we went a verie narowe and straite wave upon the side
of the hill to Amalfi, two miles of, which is a pretie citie plesantlie
built and faire to beholde with the castle above it belonging to
the duke, and all the coost abowt it. Here was a garison of
Spaniardes, which issued owt abrode manie times to take suche
banisshed menn (called forusciti) as lijing upon the hilles did
great damage to the inhabitants of the countrey. At owr arrival!
understanding the Marques of Capistrano, the duk's sonn, to bee in
the castle with his mother the Dutchesse (for the olde acquaint-
ance, frendshipp and familiaritie I had with him in Siena), I
thowght it belonging to thoffice of humanitie to do my dutie to
him, at whose hands in time before I had receaved so great
54 A ROOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
curtesie. When lie sawe me and Whitehorn cumming into the
castle to him he did not onlie gentlie receave us with loving
entertainment, but also browght us in to the Dutchesse his mother
to do the like towardes us. And while we were sitting in com-
munication together, he had privilie willed on of his menn to
Ijring uppe into the castle to him the rest of owr companie
remaining benethe in the towne, where we supped all together,
everie mann served his mess severallie at the table to himself in
sylver verie honorablie. And there had he with him at supper
the Captain of the towne the better to entertain us all. When
suppar was done everie mann was browght to his rest : Whitehorn
and I were had into a chamber hanged with clothe of gold and
vellett, wherin were two beddes, th'on of silver worke and the
other of vellett, with pillowes bolsters and the shetes curiouslie
wrowght with neelde [needle] worke. . In another chamber hard
bie lay Stradlinge and Grinwaye. And bicause there was not
provision sufficient within the castle, Handfort and Frauns
Williams were ledd to the Captain's howse of the towne, where
they laye sumptiouslie, and were greatlie feasted. In the morn-
ing we wold needes depart contrarie to the Marquesse will : who
understanding by us owr entent was, (the better to see the
countrey) to go over the great hill, had privilie appointed a dosen
of souldiers Spaniards to attend upon us, and to conduct us
throwgh the jeopardous places there abowt, where those kinde
of banisshed menn were most likelie to bee. When they cam
sodainlie to us at our departure declaring unto us the ]\Iarques's
will, we refused that their gentle offre occationed by him. Not
withstanding, when we were departed (seeing them return backe
again) he gave straite commaundment to two or three to folowe
us in all hast with their peeces charged, and not to leave us till
we cam to the toppe of the hill, and there to see us provided of
things necessarie. This was a darke, mistie and rainie morning.
In Amalfi in the great Churche called San Andrea there are
the bones of Saint Androwe, by the which is a vessell which (they
say) is alwais full, and distilleth owt of those bones a certain oyl,
called by th'inhabitants manna (as they say), which is given to
pillgrommes and straungers by a preest appointed therto, and
yet the vessell is alwais full nobodie adding anie thing to it.
To passe to the toppe of this hill of Amalfi it is a steepe,
hard, stonie, narrowe, werisora and troblesom waye, for we ascend
16.50] OF THOMAS HOBY 55
alwais upon degrees and stayers of stone sett there by the menn
of the conntrey to passe to and fro.
When we cam to the toppe of the hill there we found readie
provision made for us against owr cumming, bothe fruts of all
sorts to present us, and also horses to ride onwardes upon owr
journey. Which horses we refused, saing that we could better go
downe a foote then cum upp.
From Amalfi to the toppe of the hill it is reckened viij miles,
and hitherto did the Spaniards conduct us.
At the bottom of the hill we passed over the river Sarno,
communlie called Scafaro, which passage belongethe to the Duke
of Amalf], and so cam to Torre della Nunciata, which is from the
toppe of the hill viij miles, where we laye that night. The next
daye we arrived in Naples again xvj miles.
Beeing at Amalfi the Marquess understanding we had not as
yet seene the yland of Ischia, willed us in anie wise not to depart
owt of the countrey untill we had seene yt : for he assured us it
was on of the strongest places and worthiest to bee seene of all
Christendom : and overnight cawsed a letter to bee written unto
the captain of the towne (which he sent me in the morning) to
shew us the same, as cumming from him, for he is nige of kinn
unto the Marquess of Pescara, to whom it belongethe. So we
made this jorney to Ischia by seea, which is xviij miles from
Naples : where after owr arrivall, presenting unto the captain
this letter from the ]\Iarquess, we were lovinglie receaved and
gentlie entertayned. There went with me thither Mr. Stradling,
where we laye that night. The next daye we were shewed the
situation, strengthe, fortification and ordre of the towne of Ischia.
The maine yland is xx miles in compass, full of great hilles and
villages, the towne is seperated from the maine yland and is an
yland of it self, saving that on the side towardes the maine yland
it hath a bridge made of a heape of stones within piles to go
in and owt at. The towne standethe upon a rocke and the castle
on hige upon the verie topp of the rocke. Beside the castle, there
is a litle privie staiere cutt owt of the stone to go upp and downe
at yf neede bee. At the entrie into the towne we must passe iiij
or V gates, and somme of yron. After we are passed the first
gate, we go throwgh a vawte or entre that is cutt owt of the
rocke for passage, in the which we continue untill we cum a hige
upon the rocke where the towne standethe, where there is a verie
56 A nOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND IJEF [1550
open aere to looke all abowt both by seea and by land. Within
the towne there be iiij or v larg sestornes cutt in the verie rocke
to receave and keep the raign water within them, which by pipes
and conduictes is convayed into them. And indeede in all points
we found the towne no lesse then the Marquess had said. Three
miies from this towne, there is an other yland adjoining to yt,
called Procida, which is nothing so big as this, nor the towne so
faire, nor so strong. When we had seene whatsoever was worthe
sight in the towne of Ischia, we departed towardes Naples again
in a vessell, owr leave first taken of the Captain, who had so
gentlie entreated us at owr being there. And thus on neyther-
side of Naples was there anie thing left unseene that was worthie
to be seene.
This realm of Naples is verie plentifull of all things behouffull
for the lyving of mann. For yf in the countrey of Calabria (which
by the reason of so manie sharpe hige hilles and stonie rockes is
communlie adjudged the worst and barronest part of the realm)
ye find such great abundance of necessarie things (besides other
dilicaties of pleasure), as is wlieate, barlie, and all other graine,
wine of all tastes, oyle, sugar, lionie, waxe, salte, bothe owt of
mines, and made of salt water, gold, sylver, wolles, silke in great
quantitie, manna a verie rare thing and precious, saffron, olive
trees, figg trees, arang trees, lymons, citrons with a number of
other plesant fruts ; what judge ye maye ye find in the other partes
of the realm, which are plaine feeldes and dailie tilled, as Terra di
lavoro and Paglia [Apulia], which for the fertilitie of the ground
are esteamed the best partes in the realm. The citie itself is
replenisshed with all things, so good cheape in respect of all other
cities in Italic, that it is wonder to see, and in especiallie the
great quantity of fruts that are there. It is communlie called
Napoli Gentile, by the reason of the great Nobilitie owt of all
partes of the realm within it, which (as I have said) have their
severall palaces there. At owr being here there arrived a shipp
which had browght in herr from Manfredonia iij hundrethe brass
peecs great and small, which had the armes of the Duke of
Saxonie and the Landegrave upon them, and upon som of them
the pope was made like unto a devell. These peecs and manie
mo were taken when th'Emperor had the victorie against the
Germanes, and most of them were convayed to Naples by seea.
The most of them that cam this time to Naples were hackbutts a
1550] OF THOMAS HORY 57
croke.^ But some of them were faire great peeces, bothe canons,
culverines and sacres. Here I taried for the conipanie of Mr.
Stradling and Grinwaye a monethe after my dimming owt of
Sicilia. The xxvij*'' of April we depai^ted owt of Naples and that
morning arrived there from Genoa the Prince Andrea Doria with
x) galies, to go on his jorneye towardes Aphrica, and to take the
xij galies that were in Naples with him, which towne of Aphrica
[Tunis] (as I have said) he tooke in September folowing.
) From Naples to Patria ..... xv'"'
Hard by this towne of Patria appeare the old mines of the
citie of Linternum, where Scipio Aphricanus dwelt in exile owt of
his country. It is not farr from the seea. By this place is a
lague where we pass, which is called Lago della Patria and in sum
place it is two miles brode, and insom other a mile, half a mile,
and more and less.
Emongtheruines here there is a fountain or springof so wre water,
whiche th'inhabitants saye is good for the headache, and yf a mann
drink unordinatlie of yt, yt makethe him dronke as wine dothe. .
Before we cum to Mondragone we pass throwgh a great woode
which is verie parellous for theves and robbars.
) From Patria to Castel Mare di Vulturno . . x*^^
This is upon the river Yulturno that cummeth from Capua and
where Terra di lavoro hathe his beginning. In this place stoode
onse the auntient citie of Vulturnum.
9 From thense to Rocca di Mondragone . . v*"^
This castle standethe upon the hill called in time past Mons
Massicus, a mile from the seea.
) From thense to the passage of Garigliano . . x"'
Most writers saye that after we are past this river we cum into
Campania or Terra di lavoro.
This river was named in times past Lyris.
At the passage of it we may discern the old ruines of Minturne,
where the generall counsell was kept in the yere of our Lord 297,
where there is to bee seene a theater almost hole, and a sumptions
aqueduct with dyverse other antiquities.
' A hackbut a croke was a hackbut or arquebuse supported on a rest by a hook
of iron fastened to the barrel (Meyrick, Anc. Arm.). A sacre or saker was a piece
of ordnance of three and a half inches bore (Halliwell).
58 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [looO
) From Garigliano to Mola . . . . . x™
This towne may be so called from the abundance of milles
within yt that are driven by the force of the swyft springes that
cum owt of tlie hilles there. The countrey here abowt is faire and
pleasant, full of bewtifull gardines. Here it is thowght was
Ciceroe's villa Formiana, which he speakethe of 2 lib. de oratore,
that Scipio and La?lius beeing wearie of studie refresshed their
mindes with sportes and pastimes. And Martial also makethe
mention of yt.
0 temperatee dulce Formiee littus.
And a mann that markethe the old sepultures, the mines of great
buildings and the number of epitaffes graven in stone, may soone
judge that this place hathe bine muche inhabited in times past.
I drue owt certain epitaffes that I sawe there in gardines,
wherof this was one, graven in a peece of marble a foote and a half
long and a foote brode :
Imp. Caesari Divi Hadriani f.
Divi Trajani nep. Divi Nervfe
Pronepoti Tito ^Elio Hadriano
Antonino Aug. Pio Pont. Max.
Trib. Pot. xj Cos. iiij P.P.
Formiani publice.
And in another peece of marble like unto that :
L. Brutio L. F. Pal. Celeri
Equo Public. Prtes. Coh. Ill
Aug. Thrag. Equit.
L. Brutius Primitivo Pater et
Justeia Mater
filio Optimo
P.S.P.L. D.P.P.
And in suche an other, this that followeth :
L. Varronio L. F. Pal.
Capitoni Scribas ^Edili C. Velato II
Yiro Quinquen. Curatori aquarum Patrono
Colonize ordo, Regalium quorum honore
Contentus sua pecunia posuit. L.D.D.D.
From Mola and Castellone to Fundi . . xxiij"'.
All this waye we go upon Via Appia, which was made of faire
1550] OF THOMAS HOBY 59
larg stone. This tovvne standethe in a plaine, with a frutefull
countrey abowt yt, where are verie delicate wines, which Martial
coold not have kept till they bee old, as he saith : ^
Hocc Fundana tnlit foelix antumnns opimi
Expressit mulsum consul et ipse bibet.
So dothe Strabo and Plini also praise the wine of this countrey
marvelouslie : this citie was sacked by Barbarossa, captain on the
seea for the Turke, anno 1531. It belongethe now to the prince
of Salmone.
9 From Fundi to Terracina ..... x""''
Beefore we cum to the towne we passe the Marisshes and cum
to a straite passage betwext the hill and the seea cutt of the rocke
by force of hand. And there entre we owt of the realm into the
Pope's land.
This towne is built upon a rocke besides the liige hilles, com-
passed abowt with fennes and marisshes that the passage is verie
daungerouse except a mann know the waye. Upon the hill there
be manie antiquities, and emong other a mann may behold a faire
theater. Suetonius makethe mention that Tiberius th'Emperor
being at supper upon a time here abowt Terracina at the Prtetoriura,
there fell sodainlie from the rocke above certain great stones which
slewe dyverse of his frindes and servantes : and it was so sodainlie
that Tiberius himself had much a do to skape. The countrey
abowt is faire and pleasant, full of vines, and other trees of sundrie
frutes. By yond Terracina in owr waye from Naples to Roome
there is a river called Astura and a castle upon it of the same name,
where Cicero fleeing owt of the handes of M. Antonius, was taken by
Popilius (whose lyf he had saved before) and there most cruellie
cutt of his head ; as Livi and Plutarc write of him. And here we
may see Monte Circello [Circeo] upon the left hand by the seea
side, which is verie hige to behold a farr of.
9 Fi-om Terracina to Piperuo .... xvj™^
This towne standethe upon the hill named in times past
Privernum, as Vergil saith : [^n. xi. 539.]
Pulsus ob invidiam [regno], viresqne superbas
Priverno antiqua Metabus cum excederet urbe.
' Ep. xiii. 113. ' Mustum ' is the usual reading, not ' mulsum.'
60 A BOOKE OF TFIK TRAVAILE AND LIEF [looO
3 From thense to Sarmineta .... xij'"'
This towne standethe a liige upon a hill, benethe at the rootes
of the hill there are certain hostries to loclg travaylers, where as do
appeare certain old ruines. And it is thowght the place called in
the Scripture Tres tabern^ was here, and not betwest Ostia and
Hoome.
3 From thense to Velitri ..... xvj^'
This is a verie auntient citie placed upon a hill, and was wont
to be the bfeawtifull and glorious citie of the Volsci. Yt reserveth
his old name still. This citie hath bine verifi famous as well for
the auntientie of yt, as for that the predicessors of themperor
Octavius Augustus had their beginning here. The wine here abowt
Velitri is muche praysed.
) From Velitri to Marino ..... viij™'
This towne standethe upon a hill emong thicke wooddes and
trees. Not farr from yt is a great lague. Sum imaginn this to be
yt that was wont to be called Villa Mariana, nighe unto which
dwelt Lutius Murrenna. This towne belongethe to the house of
Colonna in Roome.
$ From thense to Roome . . . . . xij"''
The countrey abowt is faire and plaine on all sides, full of
antiquities, aqueducts and such other.
In Roome was now pope Giovan Maria Cardinall di Monte,
called Pope July the third, elected the vij of Februarie last
past.
This yere being 1550, the yere of Jubyley was celebrated in
Roome, which is everie xxv*'' yere. And ymmediatlie after the
pope was created he gave the first stroke at the wall in St. Petre's
churche (according to the maner) called the golden gate, and is
kept mured uppe untill the yere of Jubilie. And as the pope his
owne parson gevethe the first stroke here in St. Petre's Churche,
so be there cardinalles appointed to the like in the other vj prin-
cipall churches abowt Roome: then the first stroke ons geven,
there be masons readie to digg it downe, and so it standethe open
all that yere : at the yere's end it is closed upp again. Whosoever
will receave the full indulgence of this Jubilie must visit the vii
principall churches of Roome all in on dale (which he shall
have inough to do) a foote. With these and like fond traditions
15.50] OF THOMAS HOBY 61
is the papall seate clieeflie maintained, to call menn owt of all
places of christendome to lighten their purses here, at pardons,
indulgencs, and jubileis to stocks and stones. But suche fond
folishnes was never better spied owt then it is now, nor less
observed in all places, thowghe manie perforce bee kept blinde
still. And especiallie in Roome itself where they have bine so
used to yt, that they are wearie of yt a great number.
We arrived in Roome the last daye of Aprill, and from thense
we sett forwardes towardes Siena the vi'^ of May, the verie same
journey I cam before by Viterbo and Bolsena, which is rekoned an
hundrethe miles, where we arrived the ix^ of May.
At my return to Siena I found there Mr. Parkar and Mr.
Barkar. And after I had settled my self sumwhab to my book ^ I
continued there but a while, beeing sent for by letters from my
brother to repaire towardes th'Emperor's Court to him with con-
venient speede.
At this time was Don Diego in the towne, who cam from Roome
to declare unto the lordes of the towne th'Emperor's will, how for
the less charges unto his Majesty and for the better saveguard of
the towne, his pleasure was to build a fortress there, upon a hill
within the towne, which full sore against their willes, agreed there-
unto. The place was assigned by Saint Domenico and the plott
cast owt before I cam awaye ; the which fortress in the yere 1552
was ^cast downe to the earth again after the French armie was
entred into the towne, and they restored to their accustomed
freedom and libertie, as Claudio Tolomei declared in his oration to
the French King at Compeign, beeing sent unto him ambassador
from the citie to render due thanks vnto him for setting them at
libertie.
I departed owt of Siena the xix of Julye to Florence, where I
found Mr. Peto and Whithorn. From hense I went to Bologna
and so to Ferrara, where at Frankolini, five miles of, I tooke bote
and so cam to Chioggia, which is an yland within the seea, built
as Venice is. From hense cum all the abundance of mellones that
in the sommer time are in Venice. Afterward we sailed to Venice,
which is XX miles. In Venice I rested a dale with Mr. Jhon
Arundell, where I visited Mr. Edmund Harvelle's wyff, whom she
had buried ^ that sommer, complayning greatlie of the loss of so
' My book. See p. 78, infra.
■ See Cal. of Venetian State Papers.
62 A BOOKE OF THE TKAVAILE AND LIEF [1550
wovtliie a- husband (as be was indeede), as gentle a gentleman as
ever served king, of whom all Englishemen found great lacke.
) From Venice to ]\Iargera [Malghera] . . v™'
6 From thense by Mestre to Treviso . . . xij'"^
By this citie hatha all the countrey abowt his name ^Marca
Trivigiana, bicause there was a JNIarquess sett there by the
Lombardes, and gave him to his title the citie and territorie of the
same, whiche is verie frutefull of all things necessarie.
The towne is now so fortified by the Venetians, that it is
reckoned on of the strongest holds in all Italye.
9 From hense to Castel franco .... xv'"'
3 From thense to Bassano ..... x™'
This is a prettie towne under the Venetiens, situated upon the
Brenta that goeth to Padoa. Owt of this towne had the Carrari
that in times past were lordes of Padoa, their beginning. And here
in owr dayes was born the famous clarke in letters of humanitie
Lazarus Bonamicus, stipended reader in the schooles of Padoa of
the Greeke and Latin tung by the Siniory of Venice with a great
stipend.
From thense to Trento Isbruck and Ausburge as is before
in my journey into Italic 1548, and hereafter shall be better sett
furthe in 1554.
From Venice to Augusburg are Ivj dutch leagues, which are
two hundrethe and three score and tenn miles.
I arrived in Augusburg the v*'^ of August ; where th'Emperor
lave being a litle before returned owt of the lowe countreys. The
King of Romanes his brother, the Queue of Hungarie regent of
Flaunders his syster, the Prince of Spaign his sonn, the Dutchess
of Lorraign, and dyverse other of the nobilitie of Germanic and
Spaign.
Here I found my brother attending for Sir Richard Morisine's
Gumming, who was appointed by the King and the Counsell to
succede him in his roome with th'Emperor.
Th'Emperor had now made great alterations in this citie,
bothe of politike government and also of the exclesiasticall juris-
diction, exiling and banisshing the preachers owt of the precint
of th'Empire. And as all things maintaynedd with force endure
not long, so was this alteration but for a time ; for when he
1550] OF THOMAS HOBY 63
tliowglit him self at the point to have browght his pretended
purposes to pass, he was then farthest of, and they tooke no place.
At this time he wold have had the King of liomaynes, and
Maximilian, his sonu, King of Boeme, to have agreed to make the
Prince of Spaign, his sonn, Emperor after his decease, and during
lytf to be coadjutor with him in the Empire. The whiche
demaund did neyther lieke the King of Romanes nor his sonn, as
ever afterward a mann might gather by their countenance, for
they seemed to bee alwais sadd and pensive of the matter. Here
the Emperor gathered to gather the Counsell of the Empire,
During the time of mine abode here I translated into Englishe
the Tragedie of Free Will, which afterward I dedicated to my
Lord Marquess of Northampton.
When Mr. Morisin was arrived and my brother had taken
his leave of th'Emperor, the Prince of Spaign and the rest of the
nobilitie of the Cowrt, we sett owt of Auspurg the xi*^ of
Novembre.
) From Auspurg to Canstat .... xvj^^^*
) ,, tliense to Yayhinghenn . . . iij'*
) ,, ,, ,, Bretten .... ij^^
A ,, ,, ,, Kainhauseu [Rheinhausen] . iiij'**
Here we had a bote that cam from Strasburg to meete us here,
wherin we shipped owr horses and cariag to the number of xvij
great horse, and xxx parsones ; the mules and gheldings went by
land. And so from liense we went downe the ryver Rhyne,
landing everie night in som good towne.
$) 1 From Rainhawsen to Wormes . . . vij'*^
Q 2 From thense to Mens [Maguntia] . . vij'*^
) 3 ,, ,, ,, Bachraghe [Bacharach] . vij^°
From hense come all the perfect Renishe wines whiche growe
here abowt in great quantitie.
6 From thense to Covlense [Coblentz]
) 4 ,, ,, ,, Winter [Konigswinter]
3 „ „ „ Bann [Bonn]
® 5 ,. ,, ,, Colain [Cologne]
^ ,, ,, ,, Disteldorf [Dtisseldorf]
This is the Duke of Cleve's towne, wherein he hathe a faire
palaice ; and here (the Duke not being at home) we were pre-
V
vj'i
iiij'i
v"
64 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [looO
sented with a pipe of wine, and a wild bore, by the Dutchesse,
that sent yt to the bote to us, my brother not going to land at all
him self, but sent Mr. Hampton with an other.
) 6 From thense to Kayserswert . . . • j''^
) 7 ,, „ ,, l\esse (Hees) .... vij'^
9 ,, ,, ., Nimega in Geldres (Nijmegen) vj''^
) 8 „ „ „ Tyell (Tiel) .... iiij'^
Here we rid by land and the bote cam after against the river.
3 From thense to Hertzukenbusse [Hertogenbosch] iiij^*^
This towne is in Brabant, and is other wise named Bullduke
[Bois-le-Duc]. We travailed no farther by water but sold our bote
here.
) 9 From thense to Borle . . . . . v'"
$) 10 ,, ,, ,, Autwerpe .... vij'*^
We arrived in Antwerpe the xxx of Novembre, and the viij of
Decembre we sett owt from thense towardes Calice ; where after
our arrivall we taried for wind and passage vij or viij dayes. And
at last we had a verie yll passag, of a crare ' and two hulks ; the
violence of the winde was such that we in the crare recovered
Dover ; but the hulks, wherin the horses were, were dispersed ;
the on was driven to Sandwich and the other to Eochester. And
the report was they were seene upon Goodwinn Sands, which
feared we not a litle.
Upon Christmas day in the morning abowt ix a clocke we
arrived at the Cowrt, accompanied with Sir Anthony Aucher,^
Master of the Jewell house, the King lying then at Grinwhiche.
That morning we cam from Dartfovd, where my brother saluted by
the waye the Ladie Ann of Cleve.'^
This yere was Bollaign [Boulogne] rendered uppe unto the
French men again.
Duke Maurice at th'Emperor's comaundement begann his sieg
before Madenburg, [Magdeburg] in Saxonie.
' Crare or crayer, a small trading vessel. The word is used by Shakespeare,
Cymb. iv. 2, 205 (Murray).
* Sir Ant. Aucher, of Ottringden, Kent, Marshal of Calais, at the taking of
which place by the French both he and his son were killed.
^ Lady Ann of Cleve, the repudiated wife of Henry VIIL, had been granted
the lands of Dartford Priory for her life by Edward VL
1551] OF THOMAS HOBY 65
In this yere was Master Bucer in England and read openlie in
the schooles in Cam bridge : likewise Peter Martir in Oxford.
1551.
Upon Newyere's Days my Lord Marquiss of Northampton,
Lord William Aparr/ receaved me into his service at Grynwhiche,
and upon Tweluf Yeven had me with him to my Lord Cobham's
house of Cowling Castle,^ where he dissported himself a while
with my Lord of Rnttland, my Lord Braye, Mr. Nicholas Throg-
morton, and dyverse other, and returned again to the Oowrt.
^ Abowt the beginning of Lent all humane things not keaping
evermore in on cowrse nor continuallie abiding in on estate, but
as matters of the world, somtime unstedfast variable and (as I
may say after faire wether) raignie, were overcast with the sodain
darknes which endured untill Christmas after ; being th'occation
of great heavines and much sorowe, yea and a great deale more
then did owtwardlie appeare to the eyes of a number, which fedd
with woordes turning the truthe into a bye waye remayned
satisfied, thowghe inward grief (understanding on all sides com-
passion to be taken, but where it behoved most) was covered with
an owtward shadowe : and alwais under a meerie countenance
sorow and lamentation hidd in the heart. But it was not so
oppressed nor so heavie before, as afterward the contentation of
minde did with gladnes lighten it, for that that folowed upon it
throwgh sundrie wayes were first proved in vaine, and manie
meanes made which took verie litle or none effect : neyther did
anie prevaile at all saving that whiche appeared sodainlie of it self
at a time unloked for, when almost all hoope was past ; like as
' Lord William Parr, or Aparr. Brother of Queen Katherine, sixth and last
wife of Henry VIII. Cr. Marquis of Northampton 1547, Lord Great Chamberlain
and K.G. Attainted 1554 and his honours forfeited. Cr. again Marquis of
Northampton 1559 ; died 1571. Nicolas's Peerage.
2 Cowling or Cooling Castle was the seat of George Brooke, Lord Cobham, near
Eochester. The castle was attacked and taken by Sir Thos. Wyatt, January 1554,
during the insurrection. But Lord Cobham seems nevertheless to have been sus-
pected of complicity in the rising. From Berry's Kent Pedigrees it seems that
Sir Thos. Wyatt and Lord Cobham were cousins.
^ There is a note, ' Quere,' at the side here, which seems to refer to this para-
graph.
VOL. X. (h) F
6Q A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1551
miseries take their leave when occation to rejoice suppliethe their
roome ; so clothe the sodain joye please muche more when it
cummethe by a chaunce unloked for before.
The Viage of my Lord Marquess of Northampton unto
Fraunce,
The XV*'' daie of May in the v*'' yere of King Edward the VI"'
there was sent by his Majesty and his Counsell in to Fraunce, to
Henry the Second, Frenche King, in commission, iny Lord Mar-
quess of Northampton, the Bishoppe of Elye/ Sir Philippe Hobye,
knight, Sir William Pickering,^ knight, Sir Thomas Smythe,^
knight, and Mr. Doctor Olyver,^ somtime dean of Frideswise in
Oxford and Doctor of the Lawe, Sir Jhon Mason, ^ knight, who was
the third parson in the commission and Ambassador resident with
the French King. To accompanie the Lord Marquess on this
journey were sent these noblemen and gentlmen : the Earle of
Worcester, the Earle of Ruttland, the Earle of Urmund, the
Viscount Fitz Walter, the Viscount Lile, sonn to th'Erle of War-
wicke, the Lord of Burgayney, the Lord Braye, the Lord Yvers, Mr.
Nicholas Throgmorton, Mr. Henry Sidnay, gentlmen of the Privie
Chamber, Sir William Cobham, knight, Sir Jhon Cutts, knight,
Sir Jhon Parratt, knight, Sir Anthonie Guidott, knight, Sir
Gilbert Dithike, knight, communlie called Garter, and prinncipall
King of Armes, Mr, William Fitzwilliams, Mr. Henry Cary,*^ Mr.
' Bishop of Ely ; Thomas Goodrich d. 1554. A Hst of names corresponding
to this was sent home by Lord Northampton in June 1551, and remains among the
Foreign State Papers of this date : it differs from this in giving ' Lord Eivers ' for
' Lord Yvers,' ' Guidotti ' for ' Guidott,' and ' Edmund ' for ' Edward ' Varney.
Lord Yvers or Evers appears, however, to be correct.
2 Sir Will. Pickering (1516-1575), M.P. for Warwick. Knighted on Ed. VL's
accession. English Ambassador at Paris 1551. (D.N.B.)
^ Sir Thos. Smyth (1512-1577), of Hill Hall, Essex, a statesman and scholar.
Vice-Chan, of Camb. Univ., Ambassador to France in 1562 (cf. Gyll's Hist, of
Wraysbury).
* Dr. John Oliver, Dean of Christ Church, Oxford. Advanced by Wolsey's
interest ; died 1552. (D.N.B.)
* Sir John Mason (1503-1566), son of a cowherd at Abingdon. Clerk to
Privy Council 1542. English Ambassador to France 1550. (D.N.B.)
•* Sir Henry Carey (1524-1596), cousin to Queen Elizabeth, cr. Lord Hunsdon
1554. His daughter married Sir Edward Hoby, son of the writer.
15ol]
OF THOMAS HOBY
67
Henry Knolles, "Nfr. Frauncs Varney, Mr. Edward Varney, Mr.
Jhon Yong, Mr. William Thomas, secretarie unto the Lords the
commissioners, JNIr. Nicholas Alexander, Mr. Lucas Fringar, Mr.
Chester, heralt at armes, and Rudgedragon, persevant at armes.
Of my Lord Marquess' owne companie there went to waite upon
him Mr. Hew Rich, Mr. Thomas Cobham, Mr. Francs Hinde,
Mr. Thomas Carew, Mr. Clark, his steward, Mr. Thomas Trundle,
ussher, Mr. Fleare, Mr. Daniell, Mr. William Rouse, Mr. Edward
Horsey, Mr. Francs Horsey, Mr. Nicholas Minn, Mr. Hall, Mr.
Grisley, Mr. Sturton, Mr. Thomas Ashleye, Mr. Kyrkham, Mr.
Lyster of his seller, Thomas Middleton, his page, and I. There
was also Mr. Thomas Levar, his chaplene, Mr. Roger Straunge, and
manie of his yemen. The hole number of the noblemen and
gentlemen with their traynes was two hundredthe & Ix in all.
My Lord Marques arrived at Calice, and from thense the xxix of
May he went to Bullain [Boulogne], where he was receaved right
honorablie with gunnshott and other triumphes ; and where also
mett with him on Mons^' di Mendotsa, a Spaniard evermore trayned
and browght uppe in Fraunce, and of the French King's Privie
Chambre, who was appointed there by the French King to attend
upon my Lord Marquess and to conduct him with his nobles and
wholl traine unto the Cowrt.
3 From Calice to Boulaing [Boulogne]
3
>j
thense to Monterol [Montreuil]
9
■)}
55
„ Abvile [Abbeville] .
xi«
e
)>
57
,, Aminens [Amiens] .
Xle
)
5>
55
„ Breteul . . . . .
Vjle
d
>)
55
,, Cleremont
Vijle
)
)>
55
,, Lusers [Luzarches]
viiji^
i
?5
55
,, Paris . . . . .
Vijle
3
55
55
„ Charters
^le
d
)J
55
,, Estempes . . . .
Xle
)
5)
55
„ Turye [Toury]
xiji^
i
55
55
,, Orleans . . . . .
xvji^
XX
ml
This is an Universitie standing in a good aere. Here my Lord
Marquess both cumming and going was honorablie receaved, and
presented with wine and spices for two or three -dayes that he
remayned there, and in like maner all the commissioners. Also
there mett with him a gentlman of the French King's Privie
F 2
68 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1551
Chamber, who had prepared against his curaming diverse vessells
to transport him, the commissioners, and all the whole traine unto
Nantz in Britaign, by the river of Loyre.
) From Orleans to Lozans ..... vij'®
9 From thense to Bloys [Blois] . . . . x^^
Here my Lord Marquess both cumming and going visited the
Dolphinn and the rest of the King's children, which laye here in
the castle.
9 From hense to Ambois [Amboise] . . . x^^
6 From thense to Toures [Tours] .... vij^^
Abowt thistowne the countrey is verie plentifull, abundant with
all things necessarie, and within the towne there is silke made.
9 From thense to Salmure [Saumur] . . . xiij'^
) „ „ „ Pont de Sei (Fonts de C6) . x^^
In this towne we encountred the Marisshall of Sant Andrea, that
was sent by the French King into England, accompanied with
many nobles and gentlmen, who cam to visit my Lord at his
lodging, upon the bridge, and had taken upp the towne for him
self and his traine before our arrivall.
A From thense to Ansenis [Ancenis] . . . xiij'^
Here Mr. Mason cumming from the French cowrt mett with my
Lord.
0 From thense to Nantz [Nantes] . . . vij^®
Here my lord was right honorablie receaved of them of the towne
with great gunnshott. And not long after his arrivall there cam
to him Mons'' de Chastillon, who accompanied him unto Chasteau-
briant, where the King lay, and by the way was greatlie feasted
by him.
) From thense to Chasteaubrian . . . . x^^
At his cumming towardes this towne there mett with him Mons'"
d'Anguien, the Duke Vandosme's brother, with xxx or xl horse.
And a litle withowt the towne gate mett him Mous'" Delmal with
dyverse other noblmen in companie with him ; and so was he
accompanied unto the Castle, where the King was. And after he
alighted from horsbacke he was browght upp into the Chambre of
1551] OF THOMAS HOBY 69
Presence, where the King remayned for him, accompanied with the
Oardinall of Lorraign, the Duke of Guise's brother, the Cardinall
of Chastillon, Mods'" de Chastillon's brother, the Duke of Guise,
with the rest of his brethren, and the Cunstable of Fraunce with
diverse other noblemen, at his Privie Chamber dore : whereas the
King embraced my Lord Marquess verie courtiouslie and all the
noblemen and gentlmen of England, wheras my Lord presented
him his letters of credence from the King's Majesty. And after-
ward my Lord tooke his leave of him and was browght unto his
chambre within the cowrt, which was uppon Friday, the xix**^ of
June.
Upon Saturdaye at after noone, Mr. Garter, with other that
had the charg, was sent to the Chappell to prepare places for the
King, my Lord Marquess, and the Cunstable, for the order of the
Garter.
Uppon Sunday, the xxi of June, Mr. Garter and Mr. Chester
browght the robes of the Garter for the French King into the
Queue's great chamber, which was appointed for the same ; and
there my Lord Marquess and the Cunstable (being Knight of the
Garter) did putt on their robes, and Mr. Garter the King's
Majesty's cote of armes, and going before the two knights
browght the French King's robes into his Privie Chamber, wherin
entred my Lord of Elye and no mo of the commissioners of England.
There my Lord of Elye made a preposition or oration unto the
King for deliverie of the order of the Garter from the King's
Majesty, whereunto the Cardinall of Lorraign made answere of
thanks in the French King's behalf. That ceremonie done my
Lord Marquess delivered the George, Garter, robes, and collar unto
the French King, where was delivered unto Mr. Garter the French
King's gowne of his backe, which was of blacke satin with xlviij
paire of agletts of gold sett full with pearles, esteamed worth
1 pouuds, and a chaine of gold of two hundreth French crownes.
At the cumming furth of the King owt of his Privie Chamber
everie gentlman and nobleman tooke his place before the King
unto the chappell. First the gentlmen of Fraunce and England,
and then the noblemen of Fraunce and England, and after them
the noblemen of the order of Fraunce, and the Commissioners of
England, where Sir Jhon Mason tooke the highest place as apper-
tayned unto him, being Ambassador resident. Then before the
two knights of th'Order, which were my Lord Marquess and the
70 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [15.31
Constable, went Chester, wearing the King's Majesty's cote of
amies. And after them, before the King, the Sargeants at Armes
and Mr. Garter. Then cam the King betwext the Cardinall of
Lorraign and the Cardinall Chastillon ; and after the King such as
were of his Privie Chamber. In this manner they cam to the
chappell, where was song a solemn Mass after the French fasshion,
with holie water and holie breade, etc. After service was done
they returned unto the King's chamber of estate, wheras dined
with the King my Lord Marquiss and the Cunstable, The other
nobles both of England and Fraunce dined together in a great
chamber at on table apointed for them.
Uppon Tuisdaye, the xxx*'^ of June, the French King removed
his Cowrt towards Nantz, wheras upon Sunday, the xij of Julye,
he made his entrie. All this time my Lord Marquess, with
certain lordes with him, was with the King, and all the rest of
the lordes and other of the traine remayned at Nantz against
his cumming.
The Castle of Chasteubriant standethe upon the hill full of
pleasant wooddes, delectable walkes, faire springs of freshe water,
freshe gardines and ortchards replenisshed with all sorts of savorie
fruts, bewtifull prospects all abowt, and verie helthsom aere. It
belongethe to the Cunstable of Fraunce. The palaice is verie
princelie, both for the building and also for the conveyance of
roomes ; bequethed unto him by Mons^" de Chasteubriant when he
died, full litle thinking he shuld then have departed owt of this
world.
Th'entrie of the French King and Quene into Nantz, the
HEAD TOWNE OF BrITAIGN.
The French King (as the maner of Fraunce is) is after his
coronation receaved with great triumphe in to all the cities of his
realm, for the first time of his cumming : and for that he had not as
yet bine in Nantz sith he was made King he entended to make
his entrie ynto yt now, at my Lord Marquess being with him,
which was in this maner : —
First there cam fowre bands of souldiers, which were abowt a
thowsand in all.
Secondarile, three score townesmenn on horsbacke.
Thirdlie, three score redd cotes which cam before the provost a
1551] OF THOMAS HOBY 71
foote, and after them the provost of the towne, accompanied with 1 on
horsebacke, and som what after them xxv townesraenn on horsback.
Fowrthlie, a great quantitie of friers and priestes in maner of
procession ; after whom folowed xx of the Gard on horsbacke, and
the Gard Swisers on foote in good ordre.
Fiftlie, xxvij great gentbnen and lordes, as the Ringrave, my
Lord of Urmundjthe Cardinall of Lorraign, the Cardinall Chastillon,
and an Italian Cardinall sent to the King by the Pope, called
Cardinall Crispio ; and next unto them the Master of the Horse,
Deputie, and Mr. C unstable, and after them the King on a horse
verie richile trapt with imbrodei-ment of silver, riding under a
canapie born by iiij gentlmen. Next to the King rid the Prince
of Rochsurion with Mons"" Danguien ; and after them the Lord
Marquess of Northampton, having on the on side of him Mons^'
Delmal, and on the other side Mons'" Denemurs. Then folowed
other Erles of England and Fraunce, the Erie of Worcester, the Erie
of Ruttland, with other French lordes and gentlmen to the number
of xl ; after them cam lii of the Gard on horsbacke, and last of all
a great multitude of people.
An howre or therabowt after the King was thus entred the
Queue made herr entrie, having before herr 1 Swisers of the Gard
and after them the Captain of the Castle with his band, wherof
were xxxij vellute cotes, and a great number of noblmenn and
gentlmenn on horsbacke. Three pages of honor, they and their
horses all in white vellute imbrodered with redd and sylver :
wherof the on caried behinde him the Queue's great Caskett
coverid with white vellute and imbrodered with redd and sylver ;
an other ridd on a doble horse for the Queue, all imbrodered
sutable as beefore : also there were two spare horses for the
Queue, all trapt and imbrodered as the rest.
The Queue herrself rid in a littar born upon two great horses,
and uppon them two pages all with colowrs and imbroderies
sutable with the rest. And so was the Queue herr self. Ynime-
diatlie after the Queue folowed xx gentlwomen, of the which fowi'e
were apparelled all in blacke, and xyj all in white damaske, white
hatts, and great white fethers in them. And thus rid the Queue
with her traine throwgh the towne towards the Castle, after the
King. The old and the yong Queues of Scottes cam not with the
Cowrt to Nantz, but remayned behinde at Chasteaubriant to go an
other waye.
72 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1,551
Upon Friday, the xvij day of Julye, my Lord Marquess and all
the hole traine removed from Nantz towardes Anglers [Angers]
by land, costing ^ the river of Loyer ; folowing the French King,
which was departed before. At Chasteubriant the French King
shewed my Lord Marquess great plesure and disport, sometime in
plaing at tenice, sometime in shooting, sometime in hunting the
bore, somtime at the palla malla, and somtime with his great
boisterlie Britons wrastling with my lorde's yemen of Cornwall,
who had much a do to gete the upper hand of them : and everie
night ther was dansing in the great hall, and somtime musike in
the King's Privie Chamber. He shewed him the like at Nantz
with skirraisshes sometime uppon the river with bottes and vesselles
furnisshe warlike.
) From Nantz to Ansenis ..... vij'*^
6 From thense to Angiers [Angers] . . . x'^
9 „ ,, ,, Salmure [Saumur] . . . x^*"
0 „ ,, „ Toures xvij
From Chasteubriant to Toures are xv postes. Uppon Sunday,
the xix of July, my Lord Marquess and all the noblemen of England
tooke their leave of the French King in Angiers. The King went
from hense on Pilgromag a foote to a place called Nostredam de
Clery, which he dothe accustomablie use onse a yere.
9 From Toures to Amboise .... vij'^
9 From thens to Bloyes ..... x''^
$> „ ,, „ Orleanse .... xvij'''
From Toures to Orleans are viij postes.
A three leagues from Bloys there is a statlie place of the King's,
somwhat owt of the hige waye, called Chambray [Chambord], a verie
bewtifull palaice and curiouslie built with great conveyance of roomes
within yt ; so that when it shalbe throwghlie built uppe it may well
be said to bee on of the fairest peecs of woorke in Christendom. At
everie great towne in Fraunce where my Lord arrived he was right
honorablie receaved of the principalles of the townes, both cum-
ming and goinge, with great presentes of all kinde of wines and
sundrie kindes of spices; and during the time that he laye in the
Cowrt his table was provided for at the French King's charge,
and the King's servants wayted upon him to serve him at table.
' Costing : see note, p. 39.
lool] OF THOMAS HOBY 73
) From Orleans to Tury . . . . . xij'®
9 From thense to Estemps . . . . x'^
9 „ „ „ Chartres . . . . v'^
i „ „ „ Paris x^^
From Orleance to Paris are viij postes.
Here ray Lord arrived in his journey homwardes uppon Satiir-
daye, the xxv day of Julye ; and the first daye of August Mons'"
Mendotsa presented him a cupbord of plate, on the French King's
behalf, of the value of two thowsand Crownes. There was browght
also for my brother plate of the value of vi hundrethe crownes, he
being goone before homwardes by the waye of Roane [Rouen] ; and
also for Mr. Smith three hundrethe crownes ; for Mr. D'" Olyver two
hundrethe crownes. Mr. Mason's was reserved untill his cum-
ming, which was a cheine of xij hundrethe crownes ; and of that
value was my Lord of Elie's cuppbord of plate.
During the time of owr abode in Paris, Mons^' de Bies,^ who
was committed to prison in this King's father's dayes, for the
matters of Boulaign, was committed to perpetuall prison and dis-
graded of the Order of Saint Mich ell.
The French King told my Lord he should not bee putt to death,
for that he made him knight in the feeld. Here we had newes
owt of England how the sweating sicknes did raign there, and
that there died of it the yong Duke of SufFolke,^ the Lord Charles
his brother, the Lord Crumwell, Sir Jhon Luttrell, Alexander
Carew, and manie other knights and gentlmen of much worthines ;
of this disease died also my syster Elisabethe ^ with her sonn.
We taried in Paris x dales ; and after owr departure from thense
S*' Raff Coppinger,"* a worthie knight, whom we found in Fraunce
' Mr. de Bies (Oudart du Biez), a distinguished general, a Marshal of France
1542. His downfall was unjustly brought about by his enemies, among whom
were the Guises, by accusations brought against his conduct at the surrender and
retaking of Bologne, on which he was condemned to death. He appears to have
been set at liberty before his death in 1551 [Biog. Univ.).
^ Henry, son of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk. By his death the dukedom
became extinct. But the Marquis of Dorset, the father of Lady Jane Grey, was
created Duke of Suffolk this same year.
^ ' My sister Elizabeth.' The Hoby pedigree in the Visitation of Wore, 1569
(Har. Soc), gives an unnamed sister married to one Parker, who is possibly
the person to whom reference is here made.
■• Sir Ralph Coppinger, of Davington, Kent.
74 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [i5ol
and had accompanied my Lord all this jorney, tooke his leave of my
Lord and went to Deepe for that my ladye his wiff was nevvlie cum
owt of England thither to him, where he died of the sweate ar he
departed thense.
After my Lord Mai^quess' cuming away from the Cowrt Sir
William Pickering, being appointed Ambassador resident by the
King, succeeded Sir .Jhon Mason, who tooke his jorney towardes
England with my ladye.
9 From Paris to Cleremont ..... xv'®
d From thense to Amiens ..... xii^^
3 „ „ „ Monterol xx'«
9 ,, Monterol to Boulaign ....
Mons"" de Mendotsa fell sicke at Abvile and there remayned, not
being able to bring my Lord to Boulaign, where he first receaved
him to conduct him to the Cowrt. From Paris to Boulaign are
xvi postes.
My Lord arrived at Boulaign the x of August, where shortlie
after he tooke shippe ; and in the morning betwext iij and iiij of
the clocke he arrived at Dover, which was a long and troblsom
passag. From thense he tooke horse and arrived the next daye at
the Cowrt, leaving his traine behind him. The King lay then at
Hampton Cowrt, wheras was small resort of menn, by the reason
of the sicknes that raigned this yere in the realme. We that
were of his howshold went by water to Gravisend to Assher
[Esher], besides Hampton Cowrt, where my Ladye laye all that
sommer. In this monethe of August were created at Hampton
Cowrt by the King, the Erie of Warwicke Duke of Northumbei--
land, the Erie of Wilshire Marquess of W^ynchester; the Master
of the Horse Sir William Herbert Lord Herbert and Erie of
Penbruke ; and there were made knights Sir Henry Sidney, Sir
Nicholas Throgmorton,^ Sir William Cecil, ^ Secretarie, and Sir
Jhon Cheeke ; also the Marquess Dorsett created Duke of
Suffolk.
Abowt Michelmas the Quene of Scotts the elder tooke landing
' Sir Nieh. Throgmorton (1515-1571), a diplomatist, son of Sir G. Throgmorton
of Coughton, Warwickshire. Eelated through his mother to Lord Northampton.
Knighted 1551.
* Sir Will. Cecil, created Baron Bm-leigh 1571 ; married Mildred, daughter of
Sir Ant. Cooke, and was thus brother-in-law to Thos. Hoby.
1551] OF THOMAS HOBY 75
by force of wether in England, where she was houorablie receaved,
first by my Lord and Ladie, with manie other nobles, both lords and
ladies, at Hampton Cowrt ; afterwards she was conducted by
water in the Queue's barge to Polle's Wharf, where she tooke land
and cam to the Bishoppe's palaice, richlie apparelled for herr.
The next daie after she was browght to the Cowrt at Westminster,
accompanied with erles' and barons' wyves, where the King
receaved herr in the Hall, and ledd her uppe into his chambres,
richlie hanged on all sides. At herr departure she was conducted
owt of the citie by most of the nobilitie, with their bamles of
menu of armes in good ordre, and with a great number of ladies
and gentlwomen.
This season cumming uppe and downe by water and attending
at Hampton Cowrt for the Queue's arrivall, it was the occation
unto me of a quartan ague, which held me a good space after.
After the Queue's departure we removed from Assher [Esher]
to Winchester Place, in Southwarke, which my Lord Marquess had
of Doctor Ponett,^ then Bishoppe of Wynchester, in exchaung for
an other howse of his in Lambeth. Here laye my Ladie all this
winter.
Abowt the month of Octobre my Lord of Sommersett with
other lordes and knights was committed to the Towre ; to the
custodie wherof, with Sir Arthur Darcye, was appointed my
brother, then being on of the Privie Counsell to the King's
Majesty and Master of th'Ordinance. Within vj weeks after he
was browght to his arraignment to Westminster Hall, where he
acquited himself verie wiselie of whatsoever could be laid at his
charg : notwithstanding by the Duke of Northumberland's meanes
he was condemned of fellonie and quitted of treason. The fellonie
was that he pretended the death - of the Duke of Northumber-
lande, beynge a pryvy counsellor, which by stattute was made
fellony.
This forsaid jorney of my Lord Marquess into Fraunce was as
well to conclude a marriage betwene the King's Majestie and the
French King's eldest dawghter,^ whom we sawe and saluted at
Bloys, and to ratifie and establishe the peace and amitie betwext
' John Poynet, Bishop of Winchester after Gardiner was deprived in 1550 til
1553, when Gardiner was restored.
- From here to the end of the paragraph is in a different handwriting.
^ Ehzabeth (a side-note in MS.).
76 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1551
the two princes, as to bring unto the King the Order of the
Garter.
At owr being in Frannce the French King made great provi-
sion for war against th'Emperor ; the cheef occation whereof was
the citie of Parma, which th'Emperor would have kept in his owne
hands from his sonn in lawe Duke Ottavio, that had maried his
bastard daughter, which, perceaving his father in lawe's entent,
forsoke him cleane and fledd to the French King, who sett him in
full state and possession of Parma again. And he did not onlie
now turn French, but also all the house of Farnese, which in fore
time were so great frinds to th'Emperor (for all he had cawsed
Pier Alois, their father, to be slaine in the citie of Piacenza, and so
recovered the towne to himself).
The French King, understanding how royallie the JNIarshall of
Sant Andrea, his Cheef Commissioner into England, was rewarded
by the King's Majesty at his return, and the rest of his commis-
sioners that went with him, he sent afterward unto my Lord Mar-
quess, by a gentlman of his that he sent to the King on his behalf,
two standing massie cuppes with their covers, of the value of two
thowsand crownes, which is on thowsand marks, for an augmen-
tation of his first reward. This yere after long siege laide to yt
Duke Maurice entred by composition into the towne of Magden-
burg [Magdeburg].
1552.
The xxij of January the Duke of Sommersett was beheaded
openlie upon the Towre Hill, to no small grief of the lokers on. So
were also Sir Thomas Arundle, Sir Michell Stanappe [Stanhope],
and Mr. Eaff Vane, with Sir Miles Partridge hanged, for being
forged upon them that they pretended the Duke of Northumber-
land's deathe. My lord Pagett was disgi-aded of the Order of the
Garter, which after the King's deathe was restored unto him
again, and he made of the Queue's Privie Counsell in as ample
maner as ever he had bine in fore time. The v day of Februarie I
went into the country with my brother William ^ and his wyff to
Marden. At this time was my brother appointed to goo in
parson to transport and paye in Flaunders a certain sum of money
' William Hoby of Hales, county Gloucester. Marden or Merdon was a manor
of Sir Philip Hoby's near Hursley.
1552] OF THOMAS HOBY 77
borowed there in fore time, to the which journey he prepared him-
self and my brother William with him, and returned again before
Easter. My quartern was th'occation of my tarying at home, and
when I had remayned a season in the countrey I returned again
to London the xxvi of April, after I had bine ridd of my ague,
where I prepared myself to goo into Fraunce and there to applie
my booke ' for a season.
The xviij of May I tooke my leave of my Lord and Ladye at
Horsleye, where they laye with my Ladie Browne, afterward maried
to my Lord Clinton.
From the xviij of May until the xvj of June I continued in
London, tarijng till my brother were dispatched from the Cowrt,
being appointed commissioner by the King to go to Calice. And
when it was determined Sir Richard Cotton should goo with Sir
Anthonie Selinger ' in his place (who helped me afterward to con-
vaye over two gheldinges which I browght with me into Fraunce
to Mr. Francs Caro), I departed owt of London, and at Dover
passed the seeas with Sir Anthonye Aucher and Sir Henry
Palmer. At Calice I had a pasport of the Lord Deputie, the Lord
Willowghbye, to pass into Fraunce, and likewise of the Treasurer,
Sir Maurice Denis, to pass withowt searche.
My joreney into Fraunce,
I departed out of Calaice the ij of Julye to Boloign, Monteroll,
Abvile, Amiens, Bretoile, Cleremont, Luserts, Paris. I cam to
Paris the vi of July, and the ix**^ of the same I departed thens by
water toward Roane [Rouen].
From Paris to Roane are Ix leagues.
From Paris to Poxsie [Poissy] .... xxij^^
From thens to Mantoe [Mantes] . . . vj'^
,, ,, ,, Vernune [Vernon] . . • vj^^
,, ,, ,, Undely [Les Andelys] . . v'®
Here is a castle called Galiard, the strongest in all Normandie,
built by Englishmen.
From thense to Roane [Rouen] .... xxj^^
I arrived in Roane the xij of July, and within a three weeks
' My book. See note on p. 78.
^ Probably Sir Ant. St. Leger, of Ulcomb, Kent.
78 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1552
after I had receaved my stuff I retourned by the river to Paris
again, by reason of my sore fote.
After I had convayed my stuff to Paris and settled myself
there, the first thing I did was to translate into Englishe the
third booke of the ' Cowrtisan,' ' which my Ladie Marquess had often
willed me to do, and for lacke of time ever differj-ed it. And from
thense I sent unto Sir Henry Sidney the epitome of the Italian
tung which I drue owt there for him.
This done Mr. Henry Kingsmeale and I applied ourselves to
the reading of the institutes of the Civill Law, being bothe lodged
in a house together.
The menn of most fame and renowme in this Universitie of
Paris were these: Silvias in phisike,Orontins in the mathematiks,
Ramus in humanitie and philosophie.-
This yere the French King had taken Metz, in Lorraign, and
Siena and Mirandula, in Italie. In Siena the Spaniardes were
driven owt by the helpe of the towne, and the castle that was
built there by th'Emperor was cast downe to the earthe ; for the
which entrie of the French partie Don Diego was blamed and
somwhat in displeasure with th'Emperor.
After Duke Maurice, lijng long with his siege before Magden-
burg [Magdeburg] (which is a citie in Saxonie and holdeth alwais
of the Duke that is Elector), had browght it into th'Emperor's sub-
jection, as other cities of Germanie than were, bicause they of
the citie wold neyther receave th'Emperor nor his Interim, nor yet
Duke Maurice for their lord, Marquess Albert of Brandenburg,
the Duke of Mechelburg, and the Lantgrave of Hesse, his sonn,
and Duke Maurice with certain other princes of Germanie annexed
together, perceaving their kinn and friends in captivitie and
Germanie thus daile oppressed and browght from the accustomed
libertie into untollerable bondage, laide their heades together and
' This book does not appear to have been printed till 1561. The title is as
follows ; ' The Courtyer of Count Baldessar Castillo, divided into four bookes, very
necessary and profitable for yonge gentilmen and gentilwomen abiding in court,
palaice, or place, done into Englyshe by Thomas Hoby. Imprinted at London
by William Seres, at the sign of the Hedgehogge. 1551.' There is a letter from
Sir John Cheke printed at the end of the book. The original work was II
Cortegiano, by Count Baldesar Castiglione, of which the first edition appeared in
1528, printed by Aldo Eomano at Venice.
^ Petrus Galandius (side-note in MS,).
1552] OF THOMAS HOBY 79
entred into a new confederacie, that like as all this business had
bine sturred in Germanie partlie by som of their meanes, so they
shuld emong them bee the first to seeke a present remedie for so
great an evell before it enlarged anie farther and bredd to a
greater scabb. They entred into a new confederacie privilie to
forsake th'Emperor and to serve the French King, his ennemie,
thinking by that meane to obtain the sooner wherby to maintein
their warres and to bring their purpose to passe. The which their
device, not long after the towne was yelded and the duke peaceblie
entred with good favor, they putt in practice. And as it was
divised betwext them Albert went privilie into Fraunce to open
this practise of theirs unto the French King, and to persuade him
to this kinde of enterprise to aide and sustaine them with his
helpe in the same, and to take upon him the stile of the defensor
of the libertie of Germanie, promising him to do him good and
faithfull service in that quarell against th'Emperor, who sawght
nothing but the distraction of all Germanie, and to make this free
nation an inheritance to him and to his for ever : offring him
sufficient hostages in that behalf.
When the Frenche King perceaved it to bee no lie that they
were at defiance with th'Emperor, thinking the sooner to compasse
his purpose and ambitious desire (the which for all that he was
never the neerer of), [he] gave them verie gentle entertainment with
faire woordes, promising them golden mountaynes and (paradven-
ture in hoope of a greate deale to ensue from yt) discoursed
som what with them. When Albert with speede was returned and
had declared how acceptable their service was to the King, who
promised them large entertainment to do him service in Germanie,
Duke Maurice and the rest with their powres marched towardes
Auspurg [Augsburg], where they entred at last before th'Emperor's
menn which he had sent thither to defend the towne. And albeit
they arrived there before Duke Maurice, yet they of the towne
desired them to stay a while withowt the walles untill they of the
citie were at a point emong themselves, which was nothing elles
but to prolong the time untill Duke Maurice cam (for they had
intelligence that he was not farr of), who ymmediatelie after his
arrival entred into the citie, and th'Emperor's menn retired backe
again as they cam withowt doing anie thing. When he was
thus entred he restored the citie to his accustomed libertie again,
thrusting owt th'Emperor's garison, and undoing whatsoever the
80 A BOOKE OF THE TEAVAILE AND LIEF [1552
Emperor had done in fore time at his being there, and displacing
all such as th'Emperor had there putt in authoritie. Th'Emperor
was departed from hense to Ynsbrucke when this sturr was in
Germanie, entending to go from thense to Trent, where the
generall Counsell was appointed to bee held. Before his departure
owt of Ausprucke he thowght to make all things sure there,
placing such in authoritie within the citie as made most for his
purpose, banisshing and exiling the chiefest preachers of the
towne, enforcing them to take their othe not to abide within the
precint of th'Empire, and leaving there to his thinking sufficient
garison.
When Duke Maurice had restored the preachers again (who
counsailed him in no wise to dissolve the popish churches sett upp
there by the Emperor's commaundment), and made this new
alteration in the citie, leaving sufficient power there to the preser-
vation of the same, he went towardes Fietse, a towne of the
Cardinall of Auspruck, the which he took ymmediatelie, and the
Duke of Mechelburg with him, by whose meanes he wann in a
moment a certain sluce of importance within half a league of
Fietse, which was upon a rocke in a verie narrow passage. The
Emperor lijng in Ynsprucke thowght himself sure inowghe
bicause his trust was in that sluce, which was indeed on of the
strono-est holdes in all Germanie and wonn by a wonderous pollicie.
But when he heard it was taken, and hearing the newes of the
sodaine approache of the Duke (the which he wold not almost
credite before he in a maner sawe it), with all his Cowrt he
removed in post hast in the night towardes the Archdukedom,
caried in a littar, and never staide before he cam to Villaco, in
Carinthia, where he remayned a season.
Duke Maurice cam to Ynspruck, where he touched nothing
that belono-ed not to the Emperor. Withowt the towne on the
other side of the river there dwellethe on the hilles side in a faire
house a gunnfounder, on of the best in his science of all Christen-
dom, a verie discreate and sober parson. This mann (as he told
my brother the tale) had a xx great peecs of artillarie in hand
for the Duke of Alava, which he minded to carie into Spaine.
Upon these peecs the Duke had cawsed to bee graven the armes of
Philipp, Lansgrave of Hess, with his stile, which was the Emperoi-'s
prisoner, and all for a certain vain glorie that menn shuld beleave
he had gotten them in the feeld by prowess of armes. The Lans-
1552] OF THOMAS HOBY 81
grave's sonn, who was in Duke Maurice boost, seeing those peecs
there with his father's amies upon them, ceased upon them and
tooke them awaye with him, geving to the gunn founder's wyff an
hundrethe crownes to drinke.
Th'Emperor perceaving to what a narrow point he was now
driven to, and that withowt a peace made betwext Duke Maurice
and him he shuld never be able to cum into anie part of his
dominions again, sovvght all meanes possible for a peace, and cawsed
the King his brother and sundrie others to labour diligentlie in
yt. Duke Maurice at lengthe by faire persuasions was overcum
and agreede a Diete to bee had at Passa or Bassa, a towne
that holdethe of the Duke of Bavire, but it belongeth to the
Bishoppe, great frind to the Duke. In this towne at time
appointed were assembled on the Emperor's part the King his
brother, Maximilian, and the Duke of Bavire, and on the Elector's
and other princes' of Germanie's behalf, their debities and Duke
Maurice himself. They agreed here and sealed to certain articles
bothe for the restoring of the accustomed religion throwghowt
Germanie and other kindes of auntient liberties, and also for the
reconciling of the Duke and the Marquess unto th'Emperor again,
with such as were their confederates. When Marquess Albert
heard of this he was sore displeased with Maurice, not so much
for that the conditions agreed upon were not large inowghe (for
having th'Emperor at this narrow point he might have made him to
agree to whatsoever he had listed), as for that Duke Maurice did
it upon his owne heade, in the name of the holle Empire, unknowen
to him, the which he owght not to have done, considering in what
a confederacie they two were annexed together for the libertie of
the hole Empire, and indeed hitherto had proceaded jointlie
together.
For the Marquess at their departure from Ausprucke did no
less good beefore Noremberg, which he entred into at length by
composition, then Maurice had done in persuing th'Emperor. Upon
this occation he fell owt with Duke Maurice, calling him ' Schelm,'
which is a verie reprochfuU word in their language, and reviled
him with opprobrious woordes, that he wold, so contrarie to his
othe and honestie, enterprise such a matter withowt making him
privie to yt, which of duty he owght to have done. Wherupon he
warned him to provide for him self, for he swore he wold be
revenged or it shuld cost him his lyff.
VOL. X. (h) g
82 A IIOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1552
After the peace thus concluded the Marquess thowght Ger-
maiiie uo place for him, but ymmediatlie sett forwardes with his
powre towardes Uhii, where he cukl not entre, but was kept owt
by tli'Emperor's menn there within. When he was past all hoope
of entrie, he spoiled and rased most part of the countrey abowt.
From thense he removed and tooke Spier and Woormes, and the
Duke of Mechelberg with him, which was at Franckfurt slaine ^
with a great peece, where he was in like maner kept owt and not
sufi'red to entre but by composition such as he left at the sieg
entred. Then he left Germanie and marched towardes Fraunce
(taking Trier and Mens in his waye, where he receaved a good
portion of treasure), thinking to be greatlie welcummed thither.
All this while that Maurice warred thus in Germanie against
th'Emperor, the French King was with his powre drawing thither-
wardes, and having taken Metz, under the cooler to pass throwghe
yt, went towardes Strasburg, thinking to have obtained it by a
like pollicie ; but he was deceaved, for they wold not sufiVe him
nor anie of his to entre the walles ; wherupon he was constrayned
to retire again. The peace was not so soone concluded betwext
th'Fmpei-or and the Duke, but th'Emperor removed from Villaco
and cam to Ausprucke, where he graunted libertie to the Duke of
Saxonie and the Landesgrave, his prisoners. And whereas they
were under his custodie in former time he in maner now committed
him self into their hands. By this breache of Duke Maurice with
him he was not onlie disapointed of his purpose in Germanie, but
also the wicked Counsell, that he had appointed to have bine held
at Trent, where all matters of religion shnld have bine concluded
according to his will, was stopped and hindred ; for there were
alreadie assembled together, besides cardinalls and other prelats,
Ix bisshoppes, wliiche were glad and faine to repaire to their
hommes again in hast when they understoode Duke Maurice was
so nighe drawing thitherwardes. In Ausburg at the Emperor's
return that waye he made som alteration, thowgh not so much as
he had done at other times, and displaced certain preachers
whiche he had no great fansie to.
From hense he departed, going by Strasburg and gathering on
all sides as much powre as he was able to make, towardes the siege
' The sentence originally stood thus : ' From thense he removed to Spier, and
the Duke of Mechelburg with him, which was there slain,' &g., and has been altered
later into that given in the text.
1552] OF THOMAS HOBY 83
of Metz, where be had assembled Ixxx thovvsand men.' And per-
ceaving how litle he prevailed at the siege eyther by battrie or by
assawte, dailie liesing of nienn, being in the deepe of wynter, and
that a verie sharp winter (for he laye continuallie at yt the space
of iij months), he levied his siege and withdrew himself unto the
lowe coiTntrey towardes Brusselles.
JMarquess Albert continued not a moneth in Fraunce, but he
was wearie of the French King's entertainment, and desired nothing
so muche as to bee dispatched owt of his service with honestie.
For he perceaved verie well what a gelowsie and suspect he was
had in, in that he could not onlie not be suffred to entre into the
citie of Metz after it was taken, nor yet so muche as to withdraue
him self owt of th'armye into anie secrete place withowt great
espiall ; and sawe before his eyes a manifest prouf of the French
King's pretended libertie, which tourned to a private proffitt,
keaping the free cities of Germanic in his owne hands with force
of armes, abusing their gentlnes under the cloke of the defense of
their libertie ; and recompensing their true dealing with fraude
and treson.
Upon this Albert renounced openlie his entertainment and
letted not to declare that he was not a prince of his worde, for he
perfourmed not one of those large offres which at the first he made
to him, and therfore he entendeth to depart and serve him no
longer. The French King answered plainlie he shuld not so
depart, wherupon ymmediatlie he sent Mons'" Delmal, [D'Aumale]
captain of the light horsmen, with Mons'" de Rohan to withstand
him and to stoppe him the passage.'-^
Albert escaped not witlastanding and valiantlie acquited him
self in escaping from emong them, for he tooke them bothe
prisoners with the loss of vj or vij hundrethe of their menu.
Mons*" de Rohan by the reason of a controversie betwext the
souldiers that equallie chalenged him, was there slaine by th'on
of the two, bicause the other shuld chaleng no part. Mons^'
Delmal was after a yere raunsomed again for iij score thowsand
crownes. After this so luckie a chaunce of Marquess Albert,
th'Emperor for all his despleasure he owght him, knowing him to
be a good mann of warr, retayned him in his campe, this time of
' ' He laid his siege the 22 clay of October ' (side-note in MS.).
■^ 'The 4 of November ' (side-note in MS.).
o 2
84 A liOOKE OF THE TKAVAILE AND LIEF [1552
bis necessitie. For whether at his first cumming owt of Fraunce
he was desirous of th'Eraperor's wages to come to an accorde with
him again, or th'Emperor willing to receave his service and
desirous of his pai'son (which seemethe most likelie), he cam
to th'Emperor's speache. But first it was indented before he wold
cum to that, among other things, and graunted : fii-st, that bis
late revoking from him with Duke Maurice shuld not bee laide in
his dishe as a reproche nor cast in his teethe from thens furthe ;
again, that he might cum fornisshed into th'Emperor's presence
with his menu and all kind of weapons appertayning to a man of
warr ; morover that he might not come before him like an offender
in anie point whei'bie he should bee con stray ned in capping or
kneeling to make anie other a doo then other princs use coramunlie
to do in his presence ; also that his Majestie, whereas he had geven
to the Bisshoppes of Bamberg and Wurtsburg by the virtue of his
lettres patents (for displeasur conceaved against him) free libertie,
releasing them of all homage and whatsoever was due unto him,
wold (being now reconciled again) graunt him his great seale on
the other side to calleng this his right of them again, in as ample
maner as ever he hathe done in foretime.
These capitulations and other like were agreede unto, and the
Marquess, during the time of this siege and long after, did
th'Emperor as worthie and faithful! service as anie noble captain he
had in all his boost.
When the siege was levied Albert thowght it a meete time
then to seek all means possible day by day how he might kepe
promise with Duke Maurice and he revenged of him, making
great sturres in Germanic and gathering a powre to invade upon
him. Duke Maurice on the other side levied all such powre as he
was able to make to defend himself and joyned with the Bisshoppes
of Bamberg and Wurtsberg.
There were manie skirmishes on bothe parts, but in long time
the victorie was uncertain. At length after long continuance of
warr on both partes, not knowing who shuld have the upper hand
nor by anie likeliboode to whether part victorie wold or might
encline, being utterlie determined the on to persue the other unto
death, Duke Maurice was slaiue with an arkebuse in a battell ' by
' ' Duke Maurice slayne the 9 day of July ' (a side-note in MS.). The battle
took place at Sievershausen, in the Duchy of Liineburg.
15.52] OF THOMAS HOBY 86
on of Albert's men in the chase (as it was reported for a certaintie),
after he had wonn the fielde and slaine and discomfited and hurt
iiij thousand of Albert's menn. In this battell was assembled on
bothe sides all the poure they were able to make.
It is not withowt susspition that th'Emperor, to kepe these two
princes thus at debate, still for feare least they might happen to
cum to an accord (which shuld not have bine greatlie to his
proffitt), fedd Albert with money largelie, whiche is credible
inowghe ; and the King of Romanes did the like to Maurice.
This battaile was in the yere of our Lord 1553, abowt the
monethe of June.
After Maurice deathe, Friderick Duke of Saxony sent his sonn
Jhon William to th'Emperor for restitution of suche possessions as
he had taken from him and were given to Maurice with the
Electorshipp.
The Names of the Princs and noble menn of Fraunce, with
the bands of menn of armes of their retinue.
They call him a prince in Fraunce that is eyther descended
liniallie of the Blood Roy all or elles of a free duke, as of the Duke
of Savoy, Lorraign, and such other.
Princs.
The Daulphinn, the King's eldest sonn. 100 menn of armes.
Governar of Normandie.
The Duke of Orleans, his second sonn.
The Duke of Angolesm, his third sonn.
The Duke of Vendosm. 150 menn of armes, Governer of
Picardie, Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'' d'Anguien, his brother. 50 menn at armes. Knio-ht of
th'Ordre.
Loys Mons*', brother to them both. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'" de Monpensier. 50 menn at armes, and Knight of
th'Ordre.
The Prince of Rochesurian, his brother. 50 menn at armes.
Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'' de Nemours. Knight of th'Ordre, a duke.
86 A MOOKE OF THE THAVAILE AND LIEF \\662
Mons"" de Never.?. 50 menn at armes. Governer of Champaign
and Bvye. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons"" de Guise. 100 menn at armes, Governer of Savoy and
Danphine. Knight of th'Ordre, master of the King's game.
Mons'" Delmal, his brother. 5(» menn at armes. Governor of
Burgnndie, captain of all the light horsmenn. Knight of th'Ordre.
lions'' le Gran Prier de France, his brother.
Mons'' le ]\farc(uis of Beuf, his brother.
Mons'' de Longeville. 50 menn at armes. The King's Great
Chamberlaine.
]\rons'" d'Estemps. 50 menn at armes. Governor of Britaign.
Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'" d'Ambngny. 50 menn at armes.
The Prince of Ferrara. 50 menn at armes. Knight of th'Ordre,
son to the Duke of Ferrara.
Great lords of Fraunce.
Mons'' de Momorensye. Duke, Constable, and Chief Marshall
of Fraunce, Governor of Languedoc. Captain of 100 menu at
armes. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'' de Sainct Andrea. Marshall of Fraunce, Cheef Geutlman
of the King's Privie Chamber. Governer of the countreis of Lyons,
Beauger, Burbon forest, and Auvergn. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'' de Brisac. ]Marshall of Fraunce, Master of the King's
Hawks, Governor of Piemont. Captain of 100 menn at amies.
Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'' de la March. Marshall of Fraunce. Captain of 100
Swisers archers of the King's Gard. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'' de Chastillon. Admerall of Fraunce, Lieutenant for the
King in Normandie under the charge of the Daulphine. Captain
of 100 menn at armes. Knight of th'Ordre ; Coronell of Fraunce,
the whiche office he keapethe for his brother Mons'' Dandalot,
which is prisoner in Millan.
Mons'' di Boy cy. Master of the Horse. Captain of 1 00 gentl-
men and of 50 menn at armes. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'" de la Rochport. 50 menn at armes. Lieutenant in
Picardie under the charge of Mons'' de Vendosm. Knight of
th'Ordre.
1 0,52] OF THOMAS HOBY 87
Mons'" de Curton. 50 raenn at armes. Knight of the Quene's
Honor.
The King of Naverr. 100 menn at arraes. Governer of
Guyenn. Knight of th'Ordre of Fraunce.
Mons'' Durf. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'" de James. 50 menn at armes.
Mons'" de Lude. 50 menn at armes. Governer of the Rochell,
Lieutenant in Guyenn under the charge of the King of Navarr.
Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons*" de Maugeron. 50 menn at armes. Lieutenant in Savoy
and Daulphine under the charge of the Duke of Guise. Knight of
th'Ordre.
Mons'" de Guiche. 50 menn at armes. Governer of Bresso.
Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'' de Momorency, the Cunstable's sonn. 50 menn at armes.
Governer of the Yle of Fraunce.
Mons' de Burn. 50 menn at armes. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons"^" de Villebon. 50 menn at armes. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'" Desse. 50 menn at armes. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'" de Canaples. Captain of 100 of the King's gentlemen.
Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'' de Creguison the father. 50 menn at armes.
Mons*" de Reullerat. 50 menn at armes.
Mons'" de Vasse. 50 menn at armes.
Mons*" de Termes. 50 menn at armes. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons*" Visdam de Chartres. 50 menn at armes. Knight of
th'Ordre.
Mons'' de Jernac. 50 menn at armes.
Mons'" de Humanday. 50 menn at armes. Sonn to Mons''
d'Annebalt, admerall, that died.
The Count of Nanteur. 50 menn at armes. Knight of th'Ordre.
The Count of Tandes, brother to the Cunstable's wyff. 50 menn
at armes. Governor of Province. Knight of th'Ordre.
The Count of Villers, his brother. 50 menn at armes. Knight
of th'Ordre. Lieutenant of Languedoc under the Cunstable's
charge.
Mons*" della Roch du Maine. 50 menn at armes.
Mons'' de Larges. Captain of 1 00 archers Scotts of the King's
Gard. Knight of th'Ordre.
Mons'' de Longeval. 50 menn at armes. Knight of th'Ordre.
88 A BOOKE OF THK TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1552
The Count Riiigrave. Coronell of the Ahnanes. Knight of
the Order.
Mons'' de Trey. Master of the King's Ordinance. Knight of
th'Order.
Of the House of Burbon.
The House Burbon, which hathe in times past bine a part and
portion of a sonn of Fraunce, hathe bine dyvided into three parts
and Howses : that is to saye, into the House called by name Burbon,
principall of th'armes, the which of olde time hathe enjoyed the
Dukedom of Burbon. And their mansion place hath ordinarilie
bine in the Castle of INIolines [Moulins], in Burbonois, in the hie
waye to Lions, going from Paris thither.
The second House yssued owt of the House of Burbon is the
House of the Lordes of Vendosm, the head wherof is the Duke of
Yendosm, which hath maried the King of Navarre's dowghter and
onlie heire Q by whome he had yssue Henry, nowe Kynge of France
and Navarre, 1592).
The third House yssued owt of the House of Burbon is the
house of Monpensier, and owt of that cam the Duke of Burbon,
which was Constable of Fraunce and died at the sacke of Roome.
This Duke had before his departure owt of Fraunce maried the
dawghter of Madam de Beauger, syster to King Charles the Eight.
This Madam Beauger was married to the Duke of Burbon, which
was the chief of the armes of the House of Burbon, and of herr
this Duke had no heir male, but onlie a dowghter, which was
maried to the late Burbon that was Cunstable, which afterward fled
owt of Fraunce after the death of his wyff, under the name of
whom he enjoyed during herr lief the dutchie of Burbon, bicause
his said wyff was the onlie dawghter of the head of th'armes of
Burbon.
As towching the House of Vendosm, owt of yt yssued the late
Duke of Vendosm, Knight of th'Oi'dre and Governer of Picardie
(as at this present is his sonn), who died at Amiens retourning
from the campe at Hesdin, which had to his brethren the
Cardinall of Burbon and the Erie of Saint Pole, who had to their
syster the old Dutchesse of Gruise. Their father died a yong
mann, who had married the Ladie Mary of Luxemburg, Countess
' Inserted in the text later.
1,552] OF THOMAS HOBY 89
of Saint Pole and Anguien, and ladie of manie lordshippes in
Flaunders, Artliois and Henalt.
Of the State of Millane.
Concerning the controversie abowt the state of Millan : yt is
to be understood that Jhon Galeatso, Duke of Millan in the time
of King Charles the Sixt, niaried, in Frannce, a dowghter of his
to the Duke of Orleans, which dowghter was his onlie lawful!
heir.
It is true that herr father had in deede a bastard dowghter,
which was maried to a captain, a lieutenant of his, called Sforzia,
which after the death of his wyve's father (being then in those
parties) placed himself in the Dukedom of Millan, setting the
Duke of Orleans cleane beside it, which had maried the true and
lawfnll dowghter of the said Duke Galeatso.
Of this dawghter of Millan yssued the father of King Lewes the
XII., and by his mother's side Millan appertayned to him. Wher-
upon this Lewis, being his sonn, made warr for the said Dutchie
of Millan before he was king, the which he enjoyed as much before
as he did after he was king. He left of him onlie two dawghters.
The eldest was maried to the last King, Frauncs, and was mother to
the King that now raignethe, who claymethe a title to the said
Dutchie of Millan by succession on the mother's side, which was
eldest dawghter to the said Lewes the XIP'', whose father cam of
the dawghter of Millan. The other dawghter of King Lewes the
XII. was marid to the Duke of Ferrara, and is mother to the
Dutchess of Guise.
Of the State of Savoy.
Concerning Savoy and Piemont the King claymethe the
Dutchie of Savoye, first because his father's mother was elder
syster to the Duke of Savoye, the which countrey is not under the
law salike, but wemen in their inheritance succede before the
menn in case they be elder thin the menn, as the cronicles
witnesse.
Secondarilie, the King saith his father claymethe the succession
of his mother, who for all she was eldest child yet had she not a
foote of ground of that herr heritage.
90 A HOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1552
Thirdlie, the King; as tutor to Mons'' de Nemours' children, who
was brother to the late King Frauncs' mother and to the IJuke of
Savoy, requireth that the children may be better loked to and
recompensed, alleaging that the part or portion that was geven
their father is nothing reasonable.
Furthermore, as towching the countrey of Piemont, the king
saith that King Rene of Anger [Anjou], Erie of Province, did but
laye in mortgage for a certain time for a sum of money lent to him
upon it to make a journey to Naples. And the cronicles themselves
make mention that Piemont and the countie of Nice, laid in gage
for the said money, have alwais bine in the patrimonie of Province,
which was geven to King Lewes the XP'' and other kings his
successors. Wherupon the French kings as erles of Province have
come by these countreys of Piemont and Nice, and such as injoye
these countreys are their vassalls. And the Duke of Savoy nor his
sonn hathe not bine willing to conquerr them again.
Of the State of Lorraign.
Concerning the House of Lorraign ye must understand it is
descended from Godfray de Bullion, that conquered the realm of
Jherusalem.
This House hathe bine aliede as well to theHowsesof Fraunce,
England, and Austriche as to the House of Anger. They have
injoyed Province, Piemont, and th'erldom of Nice. And the House
of Savoy hathe not to do with Piemont but onlie for lending of
money to King Rene of Anger, who borowed it to drive owt the
Arragonese owt of his kingdommes of Naples and Sicilia.
Of the Howses of Anger and Lorraign restethe onlie heyre
Rene of Lorraign,' father unto the late- Anthony e of Lorraign,
and Lion after the deathe of his father Claudius of Lorraign,
which was called by the name of Guise.
Jhon of Lorraign, which was called Cardinall of Lorraign, great
frend to the late King Frauncs. Lewes of Lorraign, which was
Count of Vaudemont and was poysoned at Naples with Mons'' de
' 'This Ren6 of Lorraign slue Charles, Duke of Burgoign, in the battel! of
Nancy' (side-note in MS.).
1552] OF THOMAS HOBY 91
Lautrec, and Frauiics of Lorraign, that died at tlie battaile of
Pavia.
Anthonye of Lorraign, that was Duke of the countrey and
chief of the amies, raaried the syster of the Duke of Burbon that
tiedd owt of Fraunce, and had by herr Frauncs of Lorraign, father
to the yong Duke of Lorraign, Count of Vaudemont.
The maner of Fraunce is that after the descease of the father,
his landes and gooddes are equallye dy vided unto his children : the
stile and title of honor (yf it bee a prince or a niann of honor)
onlie reserved to the eldest sonn, with a litle peece of land besides
the siniorye for superioritie's sake, called in French ' vole de
chappon ' : that is to say, as muche as a capon is able to flee at a
flight, which is a verie small matter. And so much hathe the
elder brother now then the yonger brethren.
1553.
At the beginning of this yere Sir Henry Sidnay cam to the
Frenche Cowrt (being than in the citie of Paris at the Lover)
[Louvre], sent by the King and his counsell to move a peace
ibetwext him and th'Emperor, and to th'Emperor's Court for the
like enteut was sent Sir Andrew Dudleye. And after bis answere
geven him he retourned again into England withowt having done
anie thing in the matter.
The xiiij^'^ of Februarij Duke Horatio Farnese was maried to
the French King's bastard dowghter, which was a verie honorable
and solemn mariage. The feast was kept in the house of Burbon,
not farr from the Lover, in the which was a great halle hanged
with faire tapistrie, upon the whiche were sett uppe sundrie
scuttchions of the amies of Fraunce, Orleans, Farnese, and Urbin ;
and emong them were certain tables with these inscriptions in
them in grete letters : —
At the entring into the hall doore :
' Ad thalamos etiam Cur ? Quia quicquid agit
Charites venere Diane. Gratia semper adest.'
92
A BOOKE OF THE THAVAILE AND LIEF
[1553
On the right side :
Christianiss.
Franco Regi,
Henrico II Ita
lico Germanico
Britannico.
On the left side :
Restituta
Repub. Senensi
et protectis cis
Padum Alba, Qui
ritio universaque
ad rad. Alpium
Regione.
Liberatis
obsid. Medioma
tricibus, Parma
Mirandula.
Propagate ad
Rhenum Im
perio, adiectisqiie
ditioni sua?
Mosse ac Mosellas
accolis.
Ob res in
Italia, Germania
et Britannia
fortiter ac foe
liciter gestas.
At the upper end of the hall
Compositis
Britannise
ulterioris reb.
Recepta Mori
norum Bononia
oppidisque finiti
mis ; deinde He
dinio.
At the lower end of the hall :
Assertis
in libertatem
principibus Saxo
num Hessorum
atque Sacri
Imperii
urbib.
At this mariage besides the King and the Quene and the Ladie
Margaret, the King's syster, there were that were latlie com from
the defense of Metz bothe princs and other lords, as the Duke of
Guise and Marquess of Beef, his brother, Mons'' d'Anguien, Loys
Mons'' his brother, Mons'" de Nevers, Mons'' de Namours, Mons''
d'Anibugny, also the Cardinall of Roane, the Prince of Ferrara,
1553]
OF THOMAS HOBY
93
the Cardinall of Lorraign, the Bisshoppe of Alby, the Grand Prior
of Fraunce, the Duke of Guise brethren, the Constable, Cardinall
Belly, Cardinall Cliastillon, Cardinall Farnese, Duke Horatio, his
brother, Mons'" Chastillon admerall, Mons'' Visdam, Mons'' de Trey,
the x^mbassador of England, Claudio Tolomei that was sent from
the commune weale of Siena to thanke the French King for their
deliverance owt of the hands of the Spaniards, and sundrie other
noble menn and great ladies.
After I had taried in Fraunce the space of ix monthes and settled
my self to my studie, I receaved letters from my brother to repaire
ymmediatlie upon the sight therof unto him, being appointed with
my lord the Bisshopp of Norwiche ' commissioner and ambassador
towardes th'Emperor on the King's Majesty's behalf.
And as they went into Flaunders so there cam into Fraunce
Doctor Wotton ^ and Sir Thomas Chaloner,^ to entreate a peace
betwext these two princes, where they laboured a long time with-
owt anie good doing in that behalf on eyther partie.
My journey owt of Fraunce to th'Emperor's Cowrt.
Ymmediatlie upon the receipt of my letters from my brother I
departed owt of Paris, thinking to meete with him at Calice ; the
xiiij of Aprill I sett forwards as foloweth :
) From Paris to Pontois
) From thense to Manny [Magny]
) M 55 ,5 Cuy [Ecouis]
0 ,, ,, ,, Hoane .
) ,, ,, ,, Boucere [Buchy]
) „ „ „ Blangye
0 „ 5 5 55 Abvile .
9 ,, ,, ,, Monterolle
9 5, ,, ,5 Calaice .
0 ,, ,, ,, Bruges .
0 ,, ,, ,, Bruxelles
Vj"
viij''
vij^'
vii^'
VJ'
xiny
xviij'
xviiji
' Bishop of Norwich, Thos. Thirlby.
2 Dr. Nicholas Wotton (1497-15(57), Dean of Canterbury and York ; one of the
ablest and most experienced of Tudor diplomatists. His dexterity and wisdom
secured him the confidence of four successive sovereigns. (D.N.B.)
^ Sir Thos. Chaloner, Clerk to Privy Council of Henry VIH., afterwards Ambas-
sador to Court of Spain. (D.N.B.)
94 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1553
Here 1 arrived the xxiij of Aprill.
I found my Lord of Norwiche. my brother, and Sir Richard
Morisin ^ here, newlie settled together, attending for audience with
th'Emperor, whose astate was so uncertaiulie spoken of abroode
that no man could for a great space gather by anie meanes the
truthe in what case he was. For not a fewe thowght plainlie by
sundrie probable imaginations that he was dead. Manie beleaved
he was owt of his right witts and that his senses failed him. Sum
affirmed (as it was indede) that by the continuance of his infirmitie,
encreasing rather dailie upon him then diminsshing, he was
browght in such case not able to be spoken withall. At lengthe,
I being appointed to sollicite the matter with the Bisshoppe of
Arras for them all, they had verie favorable audience the viij of
June, contrarie to all meune's expectation, which thowght him not
in case able to attend to audience. He was indede verie feeble of
his bodie and pale of his face ; sitting in a chaier, laijng his feet
uppon an other lesser abowt a foote or more from the grownd.
He declared him self verie reformabl and flexible to this the King's
Majesty's most godlie eutent, biit the French deuiaunds werr so farr
owt of the way and so unreasonable that he could not of his honor
condescend to a peace.
Cardinall Dandino arrived in Brusselles the xv of Maij, legate
from the Pope for the verie same effect and purpose, which had his
audience the daye after owr commissioners. And as he cam to
the Emperor, so Cardiuall Capo de Ferro was sent into Fraunce.
Abowt this time was Tournane [Terouenne] and Hesdin taken
by the Emperor's armie, wherein were manie noblemen and gentl-
men of Fraunce, and especiallie in Hesdin, where Duke Horatio,
that had this yere maried the King's dawghter, and the Duke of
Bullion with dyverse other were slaine, to the no small discomfitiire
of the French partie.
The v*^'' of July the Prince of i^iemont departed owt of
Brusselles towardes the campe as generall over th'Emperor's armye,
with whom went Mr. Willam Pelham, who was retayned in wages
by the ladie Begent, and did him great good service in his campe,
my brother being a suter unto him for him.
At this season was Montalcino beseaged by th'Emperor's armie
' Sir Rich. Morysin or Morison, son of Thos. Morison, of Herts, Ambassador
to Hanse Towns in 154G ; of Calvinistic views ; died in Strasburg 1558. (D.N.B.)
1553] OF THOMAS HOBY 95
in Italie, Don Pietro di Toledo, vicere of Naples, being geuerall.
The towoe was marvellouslie defended by the French partie,
captain wherof was Ascanio della Corna, who chaunced afterward
to be taken in those parties prisoner, and was committed to the
galies. Don Pietro died there, and Don Garzia, his sonn, succeaded
him in his charge.
Newes cam to the Cowrt of the great battell betwext Duke
Maurice and Marquess Albert, which encreased joye on all sides.
The xi*^^ of July there arrived in Brusselles Sommersett, heralt
at amies, with the heavie newes of the King's deathe, who died
upon Thursday, the vi of this monethe.^
And the xvj of the same the commissioners had audience with
th'Emperor in morning apparelle, unto whom they declared these
heavie newes, according to the tenor of their letters from the
Counsell.
The xix*'^ July th'Emperor sent for the commissioners, declar-
ing unto them that he understoode they went abowt in England to
dispossess the Ladie Marie, his kinswoman, of the realm, to whom
it belonged after the descease of the King. And sith she was
made heire apparant unto the King bothe by the will of lierr
father and also by Act of Parlement, they shuld not deprive herr
of this herr right by the private affection of a fewe parsonnes, and
without just cause whie. Wherupon he demaunded of them what
shuld be th'occation of it and upon what consideration it was done.
Wherunto they answered the matter was unknowen to them, and
the occatioD whie it shuld so bee. Notwithstanding there was at
their cummiug furthe of their doores towardes his Majesty a gentl-
man arrived in post owt of England which may chaunce to have
browght with him in his letters from the Counsell somewhat where
bye to answere his Majesty in that behalf, the whiclie for lacke of
time they had not as then looked upon. And thus they departed.
Mr. Shelley ^ taried abowt a ix or x dales for audience with
th'Emperor on the Ladie Jane's behalf, which before his setting
furthe of England was proclamed Queue. But after he under-
stood for certaintie that the Ladie Mary had obtayned herr right
' ' K. Edw. 6 his death ' (side-note in MS.).
^ Sir Eichard Shelley was the last Grand Prior of the Knights of St. John in
England. He was a great traveller and was employed in many diplomatic
missions. (D.N.B.)
9G A JiOOKE OF THE TKxVVAILE AND LIEF [l5o3
and was proclaimed Quene of England, lie departed again withowt
eyther delivering of his letters of credence or speaking with the
Emperor according to his commission.
Upon Friday, the xviij^'' of August, my Lord Warden, Sir Thos.
Cheyney,' arrived in Brusselles, accompanied with Sir Anthonie
Browne,^ Sir Jhon Parat, Mr. Grippes, Mr. Henry Poole, Mr.
Harvie, Mr. William Thomas, which was with us before, and went
into England to tarie a space there, and Mr. Norrye, heralt at
arines. Uppon Sonday folowing he and the rest of the com-
missioners had audience with th'Emperor.
Wheras it was appointed in the King's dayes that my brother
shnld have succeeded Mr. Morisin in his room to have bine
resident with th'Emperor, it was now the Quene's pleaser to have
the Bisshoppe of Norwich tarie there. And likewise Dr. Wotton
in Fraunce, to succeade Sir William Pickering for Mr. Chaloner.
The xxiiij"^ of August the Quene of Hungary, regent of
Flaunders, made unto my Lord Warden and the rest of the com-
missioners a sumptions and costlie diner ; and ij dayes after they
departed with all their companie towardes England, leaving the
Bisshoppe of Norwiche behind with th'Emperor. The iij'^ ot
September we arrived at the Court in Richmont, the which daye
being Sondaye the Lord Cowrtney, latlie before delyvered owt of
the towre, was created Erie of Devonshire, being ledd betwext
the Erie of Arundle, Lord Steward of the Quene's house, and the
Erie of Shrewesberye.
Here spake they with the Quene's Majesty, shewing herr their
rewardes geven them by th'Emperor. The Lord Warden a cheine
of ij*" crownes, my brother and Sir Richard Morisin two chaynes
of on thowsand crownes the peece.
Uppon Sonday the first daye of Octobre was herr Grace
crowned solemplie in Westminster Churche by the Bisshoppe of
Wynchester, latlie before delyvered owt of the towre, with
th'assistance of all the nobilitie of the realm, which sware fealtie
and homage unto herr Majesty, everie noblemann in his degree,
beginning at the Bisshoppe of Winchester and the Duke of
Norfolke and ending at the Lord Pagett, then yongest baronn.
' Sir Thos. Cheyney, Lord Warden 1513. Treasurer of the Household. Of
Bhurland, Isle of Sheppey. His tomb is in Minster Church ; ob. 1559.
- Sir Ant. Browne, created Lord Montagu 1554 ; a staunch Boman Catholic.
(D.N.B.)
l,5o3] OF THOMAS HOBY 97
At this coronation were manie bisshoppes, the most part of
them restored verie latlie to their bisshoppricks again ; and also
a great companie of noble wemen, as the Ladie Elizabeth, the
Ladie Ann of Cleve, the Dutchess of Norffolk, the Marquess of
Exeter, the Marquess of Winchester, and almost all other
countesses and noble menne's wyves of the realm, with a number
of knights' wyves.
The coronation Mass and other ceremonies endured from
X a'clocke in the morning untill iij and past in the afternoone.
This yere were condemned and suffred death ^ the Duke of
Northumberland, Sir Jhon Gats, Sir Thomas Palmer ; and
arraigned and condemned the Lord Marquess of Northampton,
the Duk's fyve sonnes, the Bisshopp of Canterburye, the Ladie
Jane, Sir Andrew Dudley, and Sir Henry Gats.
1554.
The example of constancie and verie mirrour of true magna-
nimitie in these owr daies to all princs,^ died this yere Jhon
Fridericke, Duke of Saxonie, a mann for his singular virtues,
faithfull meaning, and true dealing with all menn, no less praysed
emong his ennemies than his lyff missed emong his frendes, and
lamented of bothe. And such a on as with stowtnes of mind
alwais prefarred an uncorrupt and stedfast lyving before the
continuall threatenings of a shameful! death, whiche he was manie
times nige unto. So that neyther threatnings nor faire promises
of libertie or great worldlie siniories were of anie force at all to
make his mind and conscience to annye manne's appetite or desire
flexible or easie to be entreated.
My brother was this yere commaunded to make himself readie
to goo in commission with the Erie of Bedfort to conduct the
Prince of Spaine into England ; but that determination of the
Queue's and the Coun sell's of this jorney of his was no more spoken
of after Sir Thomas Wiatt was onse uppe in Kent, who at Temple
Barr yelded himself to Sir Morice Barklet uppon Ash Wenesday,
and afterward ^ he, the Duke of SufFolke, the Lord Thomas his
brother, the Lord Gylford, and the Ladie Jane lost their heads,
' A side-note here gives the day of the month, ' 22 August.'
^ A side-note in the MS. adds the day of the month as ' 3 Martii.'
» ' 21 Februar.' (a side-note in MS.).
VOL. X. (h) H
98 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1554
Hauged and quartered, Sir Henry Isley/ Mr. William Thomas,
two Knevetts, two Mantelles, Brett, and manie moo, with sundrie
other condempned for this conspiracie of Wiatt's ; my Ladie
Elizabethe, the Erie of Devonshire, and certain others committed
to the Towre that cam not to be arraygned.
During the time of the Ladie Jane's imprisonnement in the
Towre there visited herr manie times Fecknam, with sundrie
other, to convert herr to the faithe of the Catholike Churche,
bourding ^ herr to renounce herr true and Christian faithe. And
emong other times they had this communication together, written
and penned with her owne hand : —
A Dialogue of the Communication betwext the
Ladie Jane Duddley and Mr. Fecknam.^
' Feck. What thing is required in a Christian ?
' Jane. To beleave in God the Father, in God the Sonn, and in
God the Holie Ghost, iij parsonnes and on God.
' Feck. Is there nothing elles required in a Christian but to
beleave in God ?
' Jane, Yes : we must beleave in Him, we must love Him with
all owr sowle and all owr mind, and owr neighbor as owr self.
' Feck. Whye then faith onlie justifiethe not nor savethe not ?
' Jane. Yes, verilie ; faith (as St. Paule saith) onlie justifiethe.
' Feck. Why St. Paul saith that yf I have all faith withowt
love it is nothing.
' Jane. True it is. For how cann I love him in whom I trust
not, or how cann I trust in him whom I love not ? Faith and love
goo bothe together, and yet love is comprehended in faith.
' Feck. How shall we love owr neighbowr ?
* Jane. To love owr neighbor is to feade the hungrie, clothe the
naked, and give drinke to the thirstie, and to do to him as we wold
to owr selves.
' Feck. Whie then it is necessarie unto salvation to do good
works also, and it is not sufficient onlie to beleave ?
' Sir H. Isley, of Sundridge and Farningham, co. Kent {Arch. Cant. iii.).
* ' Bourding.' To bourd, to say things mockingly (Murray).
' This dialogue between Lady Jane and Fecknam has been printed by Foxe in
his Acts and Monuments. I have noted where there is any material difference
between the two versions.
1554] OF THOMAS HOBY 99
' Jane. I denie that, and I affirm that faith onlie saveth ; but
it is meete for a Christian in token that he folowethe his Master
Christ to do good works ; yet we may not say that they proffitt
unto salvation, for when we have all done we be unprofitable
servants, and the faith onlie in Christe's Bloode saveth.
' Feck. How manie sacraments bee there ?
' Jane. Two, the on of the sacrament of Baptism and the other
of the Lorde's Supper.
' Feck. No, there be seven.
' Jane. By what Scripture find yow that ?
' Feck. Well, we will talke therof hereafter. But what is the
signification of your ij sacraments ?
' Jane. By the sacrament of Baptism I am wasshed with water
and regenerated by the Spirit, and that wasshing is a token to me
that I am the child of God. The sacrament of the Lord's Supper
is offred unto me as a sure seale and testimonie that I am by the
Blood of Christ, which He shed for me on the Cross, made par-
taker of the everlasting kingdom.
' Feck. Whie, what do yow receave in that Supper ? Do ye not
receave the verie Bodie and Blood of Christ ?
' Jane. No, verilie I do not beleave so. I think that at that
supper I receave neyther fleshe nor blood, but onlie bread and
wine. The which bread when it is broken and the wine when it
is drunken puttethe me in mind how that for my sinnes the bodie
of Christ was broken and His Blood shed on the Cross, and with
that bread and wine I receave the benefitts that com by the
breaking of his bodie and the shedding of His blood on the Cross
for my sinnes.
' Feck. Whie dothe Christ speake these woordes, " Take, eate :
this is My Bodie " ? Eequire we anie plainer woordes ? Dothe not
He say that is His Bodie ?
' Jane. I graunt He saith so. And so he saith, " I am the vine,"
and, " I am the dore." But is He ever the more for that the dore
or a vine ? Doth not St. Paul say that he callethe those things that
are not as thowghe they were ? God forbid that I shuld say that
I eate the verie naturall Bodie and Blood of Christ. For then
eyther I shuld plucke awaye my redemption, eyther elles there
were ij bodies, or ij Christes, or elles sij bodies.^ On bodie was
' ' Or elles xij bodies.' These words do not appear in Foxe's rendering.
H 2
100 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1554
tourmented uppon the Cross, and then yf they did sate an other,
than eyther He had ij bodies, eyther elles, yf His Bodie were eaten,
it was not broken uppon the Cross. Or elles yf His Bodie were
broken uppon the Cross it was not eaten of His disciples.
' Feck. Whie is it not as possible that Christ by His power
could make His Bodie bothe to be eaten and broken, as to bee
born of a woman withowt the seede of man, and as to walke uppon
the sees having a bodie, and other such like miracles as He wrought
by His power onlie ?
' Jane. Yes, verilie, yf God wold have done at His Supper a
miracle He might have doone so. But I say that then He minded
to worke no miracle, but onlie to breake His Bodie and shed His
Blood on the Cross for our sinnes. But I pray yow answere me
this on question. Where was Christ whan He said, " Take, eate :
this is My Bodie " ? Was He not at the table when He said so ?
He was at that time alive, and suffrid not untill the next daie.
Well, what tooke He but bread ? what breake He but bread ?
and what gave He but bread ? Looke, what He tooke He brake ;
and looke, what He brake He gave ; and looke, what He gave they
did eate. And yet all this while He Himself was at supper before
His disciples, or elles they were desceaved.
' Feck. Yow ground your faith uppon such authores as saye
and unsay both with a breth, and not uppon the Churche to whom
you owght to geve credit.
' Jane. No, I ground my faith uppon Godde's woord and not
uppon the Churche. For yf the Church be a good Churche the
faith of the Church must be tried by Godde's woord, and not
Godde's woord by the Churche ^ bicause of antiquitie. Or shall I
geve credit to the Church that taketli awaye from me the half part
of the Lorde's Supper and will not lett no lay mann receave it in
bothe kindes^ but themselves? Which thing yf they denie to us
they denie part of owr salvation. And I say that is an yll churche
and not the spouse of Christ, but the spouse of the Devell. Yt
alterethe the Lord's Supper and bothe takethe from yt and addeth
to yt. To that Churche I say God will add plagues, and from
that Churche will He take part owt of the booke of lief. Do
' Foxe has here after the word Church, ' either yet my fayth, shall I beleave the
church bicause of Antiquitie.'
* Foxe omits ' but themselves.'
1554] OF THOMAS HOBY 101
they learn that of St. Paul, when he ministred it to the
Corinthians in bothe kincles ? Shall I beleave that Church ? God
forbedd.
' Feck. That was done of a good entent of the Churche to avoid
an heresie that sprong of yt.
' Jane. Whie shall the Churche altre Godde's Will and ordin-
ance for a good entent ? How did King Saule ? The Lord
defend.
' With these and such like persuasions he wold have me to have
leaned to the Churche. But it wold not bee. There were manie
mo things wherof we reasoned, but these bee the chief.
'Jane Duddley.'
An Exhortation Written by the Ladye
Jane the Night Before she Suffered, in
THE Latter End of a Great Testament
Sent for a Token to the Ladie
Catharine Her Syster,^
' I have here sent yow, good syster Catharin, a booke, which
althowghe it bee not owtwardlie trymmed with gold, yet iuwardlie
it is more woorthye then precious stones. It is the booke, deere
systir, of the lawe of the Loi'd. It is His Testament and last will
which He bequethed to us wretches, which shall leade yow to ^ an
ymmortall and everlasting lief. Yt will teach yow to live, and
learn yow to die. Yt shall wynn yow more than yow shuld have
gayned by the possession of your wofull father's landes. For as yf
God had prospered him yow shuld have enhereted his landes. So
yf yow applie diligentlie this booke, seeking to direct your lief
after it, yow shall be an enhereter of such richess as neyther the
covetous shall withdrawe from yow neyther the theves shall steale,
neyther yet moothes corrupt. Desire with David, good syster, to
understand the lawe of the Lord your God. Lyve still to die, that
yow by death may purchase eternall lief. And trust not that the
tendernes of your age shall lengthen your lief. For assone (yf
' This is also printed by Foxe in his Acts and Monuvients.
- According to Foxe there should be an insertion here, viz. 'the path of
eternal joy ; and if you with a good mynde read it and with an earnest mynde do
purpose it it shall bring you to.'
102 A BOOKE OF THE TKAVAILE AND LIEF [1554
God call) goith the yong as the old. Labor alwais to learn to die.
Defie the world. Denie the Devell and despise the flesh, and
delite yourself onlie in the Lord. Bee penitent for your sinnes
and yet desparre not. Be strong in faith and yet presume not.
And desire with St. Poul to be dissolved and to be with Christ,
with whom even in death there is lief. Be like the good servant,
and even at midnight be waking, lest when death commethe and
stealethe uppon yow like a thief in the night yow be with the evell
servaunt found asleepe, and leaste for lacke of 03'le yow be found
like to the five foolish women, and like him that had not on the
wedding garment, and than yow be cast owt from the mariage.
' Rejoice in Christ, as I trust I do ; and seing yow have the
name of a Christian as nere as yow can follow the steppes ^ of your
Master Christ, and take upp your Cross. Laye your sinnes uppon
His backe, and alwais im brace Him. And as towching my death,
rejoice, as I do, good syster, that 1 shall be delivered of this cor-
ruption and put on incorrnption. For I am assured that I shall
for losing of a mortall lief wynn an immortall lief, the whiche I
pray God graunt yow and send yow of His grace to live in His
feare, and to die in the true Christian faith ; from the which in
Godde's name I exhort yow that yow never swarve, neyther for
hoope of lief nor for feare of death ; for yf yow will denie His
truthe to lengthen your lief, God will denie yow and yet shorten
your dayes. But if you will cleave to Him He will prolong your
dayes to your comfort and His glory, to the which glory God bring
me now, and yow herafter, when it shall please God to call yow.
Fare well, good syster, and put your onlie trust in God, who only
must help yow.
' Your loving syster, Jaxe Duddley.'
The Woordes of the Ladie Jane to the People in
THE TowRE Before She Suffrid.
' Good Christian people, I am under a law, and am condempened
by a lawe, wherfor I am com hither for to die, desiring yow all to
pray for me. And I take God to witness that I never offended the
Quene's Majesty willinglie, but onlie in taking uppon me this
' In Foxe's version this sentence runs, ' Eejoice in Christ, as I do ; follow the
steppes,' Ac.
1554] OF THOMAS HOUY 103
thing, the which I was compelled to agaiust my will, and here I
washe my hands of my innocencie, desiring yow all to wittniss with
me. But I have offended God dyvers and manie wayes in breking
His will and commaundraents, seeking more the pleasure of this
woorlde then the following of Godde's commaundment, wherfor God
hathe striken me with this plague for my unthankfu lines towardes
His Majestie. But now I am hartelie sorie for my misdeades,
beseaching Almightie God to take me unto His mercie, and bring
me furtli of this wretched lief unto the joyes everlasting of heaven.'
And the people said, ' Amen.'
' Good Christian people, I besech you beare me wittness that I
die a true Christian in the faith of Jesus Christ, geving Him most
hartie thanks that it hath pleased Him to lett me have time to
repent me of my former lief, trusting to be saved by the Blood of
Christ.' So she desired the people to pray for herr, and said the
psalm of Miserere. And when her head was on the blocke she
said, ' Lord receave my soule into Thy hands,' taking her death
most humblie, like unto a lambe.
She died the 12th of February, and likewise the Lord Guilford.
My brother, disapointed of this his journey into Spaine with
the Erie of Bedford, by long sute bothe unto the Queue's Majesty
and the Counsell, obtayned license to go visitt the baynes of by
yond the sees, for the better recoverie of a certain old disease of his,
the which he was licensed to do by the King's Majesty, being yet
alive when he was last Ambassador with th'Eraperor, and by the
reason he was prevented by deathe, could not enjoye the same for
that he was called home again shortlie after.
And after he had settled all things at home as he thowght best
he appointed owt a certain numbre of his familie to accompanie
and to waite upon him in this his journey. This done and his
leave taken of the Queue's Majesty, part of us sett forwardes owt
of London, the xxi of May, towardes Calice, there to abide and
tarie his cumming. And then the v^'^ of June, after great enter-
tainment with the Lord Wentworthe, Lord Deputie there, and the
Lord Gray, we departed owt of Calice as foloweth.
104 a booke of the travaile and lief [1554
My Brother's journey into Italy.
9 Prom Calice to Gravelings, Angel . . . iij'°
Hitherto did Sir Anthony Aucher, Knight Marshall of Calice,
accompaiiie my brother, with Mr. Richard Blount, Master of
th'Ordinance, and dined together in th'Englishe Since. ^
3 1 I
^^rom thens
e to Dunkirke, Cross Kays
• iii'^
d 2
55 '5
,, Newport French Crowne
yle
)
55 55
,, Oldenbm'g .
. iiij'*-'
6 S
'5 55
,, Brugis, Golden Heade
iij''
)
55 55
,, Eclowe
yle
A 4
55 )5
,, Caulue
iiiji^
)
5! 5'
,, Stekin
ij'"
3^5
55 5)
,, Antwerpe, English house
vie
Here my brother taried iij dayes to dispatch certain busnes of
his. Hitherto cam with us in our wagon Mr. Charles Morisin and
Mr. Darell. From hense we departed towardes th'Emperor's
Cowrt to Brussells.
6 6 From thense to Maklines, at the Kettle . iiij'^
In this towne is all the munition and artillarie of the Lowe
Countreye.
ila
) From thense to Vilfort [Vilvorde] . . . ij
Here is a strong castle wherin the Landesgrave of Hess lay so
long prisoner.
24 ^ 7 From thense to Brusselles, at the Wolf . ij'''
We arrived here the xiij'*^ of June, wher my brother lay with
Sir John Mason, Lord Ambassador.
The iiij*^^ of July, by th'Emperor's appointment, my brother had
audience with the Lady Kegent, his syster, which was very benign
and gentle, and delivered unto herr the Quene's Majesty's letters
' This word is used several times by Hoby to mean a castle or fortified place,
as ' Schloss ' in German.
1554] OF THOMAS HOBY 105
of credence unto th'Emperor, who was in that case himself by the
reason both of sundrie waightie affaires as well for the setting
furthe of his army royall (of the which he made the Duke of Savoy,
Prince of Piemont, his generall) as for th'establishing of other
matters at home, for th'assistance of the comunes in the same in
graunting of subsidies, and also of his long sicknes, which had
now bx'owglit him verie lowe, that he had no convenient time to
speake with him in parson, as his Majestie was onse determined.
Within three dayes after my brother had audience his Majestie
removed owt of Brusselles in a littar towardes Namours, where his
armye was, the French King's power lijng not farr of, which
abowt Midsoramer had taken there uppon the frontiers the strong
towne of Maryburg, built by the Regent herr self and so named
after herr owne name, and the towne of Dinant, and at length the
Castle of Dinant, after vii assawtes geven to yt.
Here was now in the Cowrt Don Ferrante Gonzaga, latlie com
from Millan, and Don Garzia, Don Ferrante della Noia, with
diverse other noble men.
After Duke Maurice death, which tooke uppon him the defense
of the bisshoppes (that Marquess Albert persued to obtain his
right of them) during this quarell betwext them, the Duke of
Brunswike supplied Duke Maurice rowm, and was so aided by the
bisshoppes and by the citie of Norenberg that manie times he had
the better hand of him, and in a conflict now latlie he gave him a
gi'eat overthrowe and wonn by force of amies all his townes,
castles, and strong holdes, and browght him in that case that he
is not able to gather anie power again. And in the later end of
July he returned to the service of the French King again, accom-
panied with XXX horses.
When my brother had taken his leave of the Bisshoppe of
Arras, who lovinglie embraced him, and had visited Cardinall
Poole, then lying there as legat from the Pope with a commission
to entreate of peace betwext these Princs, who entertayned him
verie gentle, we departed the viij*'^ of July owt of Brusselles,
accompanied as far as Lovain with Sir Thomas Chamberlain.^
6 8 From Brussells to Lovane, Looking-Glass . iiij'*^
9 From thense to Tyne [Tirlmont-Thienen] . iij^*^
' Sir Thos. Chamberlain had been ambassador to the Low Countries for
Ed. VI., and was ambassador to Spain in Queen Elizabeth's time. (D.N.B.)
106 A HOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [lo54
3 9 From theuse to Sintrnr [St. Trond], Shijip . iij'""
) „ „ „ Tiinger [Tongres] . . iij'^
0 10 ,, ,, ,, Trick [iMaastriclit], Horshew iij''
This towne is communlie called Mastrick, for that the river Mase
runnethe throwge the middle of yt. The on side wherof is in
Brabant, and the other in the land of Falconbridge and holdethe
of th' Em pi re.
0 From thense to Falconbrige [Valkenburg] . . j'"
This towne hat he bine in times past belonging to the Duke of
Cleve, but now it is the Emperor's, gotten in the warres betwext
the Duke of Cleve and him.
9 11 From thense to Gulick [Jiilich], Chalice . vj'*"
This towne belongethe to the Duke of Cleve, who is Duke of Gulick,
Cleve, and Berg by inheritance. In the warres he hath with
th'Emperor, when he lost to him the Dukedom of Geldres, yt was
greatlie defaced and burnt by the Empei'or's armye. Now the
Duke doth enlarge yt, fortifie yt stronglie, and build it a new ;
and is in hand to make a verie bewtifull castle (hard by the
walles of yt answering to the boulwarkes of the towne) both for
strengthe and pleaser, which he hath begon verie princelie from
the foundation, and hathe dailie a thowsand workmen abowt yt.
J 12 From Gulick to Coloin, Wild Man . . vij'«
This is on of the free cities of th'Empire.
3 From thens to Bonn ..... iiij'^
This towne is belonging to the Bisshoppe of Coloin, Elector.
) 13 From thense to Wynter [Konigswinter] at
an inn by the Ehyneside . . . • ij'*^
This is of the Count Mandersett's possessions, subject to the
Duke of Cleve. The next waye from Gulick hither leaving the
waye of Coloin is but viij leagues.
9 From thense to Aldernach [Andemach] . . iiji«
1554] OF THOMAS IIOBY 107
This towne belongeth to the Archbisshopp of Oolain.
1 ^ 14 From thense to Covelens [Coblenz], Helmett iij'°
The Archbisshoppe of Trier is bisshopp and lord of this towne,
who hathe a verie bewtifull castle on the other side of the Rhine
upon the hill, where there is also a fountain of sharpe water.
The Rhyne passethe bye this towne on the on side, and on the
other the Mosell entrethe into the Rhyne.
A 15 From thense to Kyselbach . . . • yj'*'
This village is in the land of Duke Hauns van Symmer.
Here we cam uppe the mountaynes, leaving the hie way by the
Rhyne, because it was to narrowe for owr wagon to pass, and in
the waye we found a verie faire spring of sharpe water, which is
thowght to cum owt of the mines of yron. A faire woodie
countrey all abowt after we be onse upp the hilles.
9 From thense to Creitzuach, Greene Tree . . iiij''*
There be three lordes that have equall possession of this towne,
the on no more then the other — the Pfalsgrave of Ryne, the
Duke of Symmer, and the Marquess of Bade, In som places of yt
they have Masse, and in some other none at all. The towne
is divided in the middes with a ryver.
5 16 From thense to Alezeu [Alzey], Helmett . iij'*^
) ,, ,, ., Frawzen [Freinsheim ?], Oxe . iiij^^
These two townes do belonge unto the Pfalsgrave of the Rhyne
that is Elector.
iile
^17 From thense to Spire . . . . • iiij
This is a free citie of th'Empire, and is commonlie called the
Ohambre of th'Empire, bicause all waightie cawses and matters of
controversie in th'Empire are adjudged here to be pleaded and
descerned.
A 18 From thense to Rainhausen, Looking Glass half®
Here is the commune passage over the Rhyne, and it be-
longethe to the Bisshopp of Spire, with the towne of Brouchsall.
108 A BOOKE OF THE TKAVAILE AND LIEF [1554
9 From thense to Bruchsall .... iii'<=
) 19 ,, ,, ,, Bretten, Crowne . . • j'*^
This towne belongethe to the Pfalsgrave of the Rhyne ; within it
was born Mr. Philipp Melanchton/ the great and prudent clerke.
) From thense to Vayhinghenn, Crowne . • ij'*^ long.
Here beginnethe the Duke of Wyrtenberge's lands. This is
a pretie towne standing uppon the ryver of Entz, and above yt is
a castle wlierin lay in garison iij hundrethe Spaniardes after the
warr of Germany was ended to helpe to kepe the countrey in sub-
jection ; but when Duke Maurice rose in th'Empire against the
Emperor he voided all his dukedom of Spaniardes which th'Emperor
had in the old Duke his father's dayes planted in everie castle
and strongholde abowt the land.
) From thense to Magranige [Markgroningen] . j'®
Somwhat owt of the hie waye. Not farr from this towne there is
a verie strong castle of the Duk's, called Asberg [Asperg], in the
which were v hundrethe Spaniardes in garison.
1 ) 20 From thense to Canstat, Crowne . . . vj'*-'
This towne standethe uppon the river of Necker, by the which
groweth the good Necker wines. Here is a new sect of heretieques,
called Zwingfeldiani, which contemn all the sacraments. They
gather together manie times in corners, and will in no wise be
browght to communicate with other men. They hold opinion that
the administration of sacraments is not available, but that menn
may better a great deale receave them in faith than owtwardlie,
and diverse other opinions which are to long to recite. A gentl-
man called Zwyngfeldus was the author of this sect among them,
yet alive and wandring abrode in the woorld. Most of the chief
menn of the towne be corrupt with yt. Within half a league of
this towne standethe uppon the toppe of an hill, not farr owt of the
hie way, the auntient house of Wyrtenberg, like a bewtifull castle
to behold afar of, wherby all the holle land of Wyrtenberg
takethe his name. Yt is much in decaye ; the occasion thereof
' Philip Melanchthon (1497-1560), a friend of Erasmus and a reformer of
moderate views.
1554]
OF THOMAS HOBY
109
(they saye) is bicause it standethe to hie to be inhabited. Yt
hathe the goodlie jovospect of a faire and plentifull countreye all
abowt yt.
Litle more than half a league owt of this towne is Stuccardia
[Stuttgart]/ the chief citie in the Duke's land, where he liethe
most communlie himself, and a three leagues owt of the towne is
a famous universitie of the Duk's called Tubinga, where emong
other learned menn are Gribaldo, and Virgerius, that was Bisshoppe
of Capo d'Histria, verie famous in all Italye.
6 From Canstat to Eslingen . . . • j'*^
This, emong other, is also a free citie and holdethe of tli'Em-
pire, and by it runnethe the river of Necker. Yt standethe
within the precinct of the Duke of Wyrtenberge's dominion, and
(as som say) have in times past bowght their freedom of the Duke.
Within this citie are two famous men, learned preachers of the
Gosspell, M. Rauberus Bonaventura and Gallus Hartman.
These bee most of the free cities of th'Empire : —
Collen,
Regenspurg,
Straspurg,
Ausspurg,
Metz,
Nurnberg,
Worms,
Costentz [Coblentz],
Lubeck,
Ulm,
Speire,
Esslingen,
Frankfurt,
Reytlingen,
Hagenau,
Noralingen,
Colmar,
Rotenburg upponthe
Tauber,
Goslar,
Schwebischall,
Milhausen,
Northawsen,
Uberlingen,
Wetzslar,
Rotweyl,
OfFenburg,
Haylprunn,
Gengenbach,
Schwebischgmind,
Fridberg,
Memmingen,
Lindaw,
Bibrach,
Ravenspurg,
Kempten,
Kauffpewren,
Winsshaim,
Dinckelspuhel,
Schwebischwerd,
Weyssenburg in
Nortgaw,
Wangen,
Yssni,
Schweinfurt,
Alen,
BopfEngen,
Tonnewert,
' ' In this town of Stuccardia abiclethe Johannes Brentius, the Duke's chief
preacher ' (side-note in MS.).
110 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1554
8 9 21 From Esslingeii to Geppingen,^ Starr . iij^<=
Here we arrived tlie xxiij'^'' of July. Withowt the walles of
this towne there is a fountaine of sharpe water, nie unto the
whicli the Duke hatha built certain baynes where menn wash them
in yt in tubbes after yt hathe bine sodd uppon the fire, which is
reckoned of the countrey abowt a verie helthsom and soveraign
matter for such as have a cold stomake, or unperfect digestion, or
a hott lyver, or ague, or almost any matter of impediment. This
water is also good to bee drunke eyther warmed or cold at all
times ; and it servethe th'inhabitants abowt in steade of wine. In
this water did my brother bathe himself the space of vij or viij
dayes bothe before noone and after : encreasing everie daye from
on howre at the first beginning untill yj or vij howres a day, and
not past (for to beginn with so manie howres at the first, as they
say, doth great hurt to the bodie and affoyblethe yt verie much) —
that is to say, iij or iiij howres before dyner and iij howres after,
as a man is dissposed. And like as the beginning was not so-
dainlie to vij howres in the daye, so shuld the end diminishe by
Utle and litle, everie day half an howre less or therabowt. They
say he that will use yt in perfection to do him good must bathe
vj''^ howres in all.
The ruines of a faire castle are to be descerned a farr of owt of
this towne, situated in times past uppon a verie hie hill, half a
league withowt the towne, called StaufTen,^ which was destroyed
and burnt by the communes of Germanie, when they made a
generall insurrection against the nobilitie and gentlmen.
We departed owt of this towne the first daye of August on our
journey e towardes Italy e, having rested here to take this kind of
water an viij or ix dayes. Hard by this towne runnethe a river
called Filtz, which goethe into the Neckar.
9 22 From Geppingen to Geislingen, Swann . . ij'°
This towne belongethe to the iordes of Ulm.
Here hath bine a faire castle uppon the hill, and was over-
thrown when Marquess Albert spoiled the countrey abowt Ulm to
the verie ground, that almost no sign remaynethe.
' ' Here is a preacher called Doctor Jacobus Andreas ' (side-note in MS.).
* ' In this castle was born Fredericks Larbarozza, th'Emperor ' (side-note in MS.).
1554] OF THOMAS HOBY 111
9 From thense to Halbec .... ij'° long.
This doth appertain to the lordes of Ulm.
Uppon the side of a hill alcove it is a faire castle.
9 23 From thense to Geinsbruck [Giinzburg],
Cross . . . . . • ij^^ long.
This towne doth belong to the King of Romanes ; yt stand eth
uppon the river of Gentz [Glinz] ; and before we cum to yt we
pass over the river of Danubius, called in Dutche the Thonaw.
A 24 From thense to Sousmerhausen . . iij'^
This village is of the Carnall ^ of Auspurg's possessions, which
hathe great territorie here abowt. Before we cum to yt we pass
throwghe a long, thicke, thevishe wood, verie daungerous.
4 ^ 25 From thense to Ausspurg, Crowne . iij'*^
This is on of the bewtifullest free cities of th'Empire. There is
no land belonging to yt, but there are within yt rich marchent-
menn, as the Folkers, the Velsers, the Poungarts, the Herbrothes,
and such other which have indeed lands belonging to them, but not
abowt the citie. For all that, yeven to the hard walles of yt
almost, belongethe to the Duke of Bavire and to the Cardinall of
Auspurg. This citie is verie faire built, and manie goodlie con-
veyancs of waters within yt-.
At our cumming hither we understood newes owt of England
of the Prince of Spaine his arrivall there in the port of Southampton
the XX of July, and the solemnisation of the marriage betwext the
Quene's Majestie and him at Winchester the xxv*^ of Julye, where
by letters patents from his father, th'Emperor, he was openlie
pronounced King of Naples and Hierusalem, to the stile of
England.
) 26 From Auspurg to Brugk, Hartshead . . v'^
It belongethe to the Duke of Bavire. Within half a league oi
Ausperg we passed the river Leigh [Lech], and cam by Friburg,
' Cardinal.
112 A HOOKE OF THE TKAVAILE AND LIEF [1,554
a towne that by the Duk's means hath maintayned warr against
Ausspui'g a long time. From Ausspurg we cum owt of the hie waye
to see the towne of Miniken.
6 27 From Brugk to Miniken [Miinchen, Munich], uf-
This is the cheefest towne within the Duk's land. It standethe
in a goodlie plaine verie plentifull round abowt yt. The towne for
the bigness is generallie as well built and hathe as bewtifull
streates as anie citie in all Gevmanie. Not a house of tymber
within it, but all of freestone and bricke in such cumlie order and
due proportion that yt hath not his name all abrode for nothing.
Hard by the walles of yt the Duke hathe a castle wherin are faire
lodgings and pleasant orchardes and gardines with sundrie devises
of conveyance of waters, replenisshed with delicate frutes and
saverie flowres.
This towne standethe uppon a river that goethe into the
Danubius, called Yser, and part of him runnethe throwgh the
Duk's gardines. It is a famous towne for the best lutestrings in
all Germ anie.
A 28 From Minikin to Wolfershausen [Wolfrats-
hausen] . . . . . . iiij'"^
This standethe uppon a river called the Luese [Loisach], which
goeth into the Yser. After we pass thorowgh this village we cumm
to a thick wood of great firr trees ij leagues broode.
A From thense to Laingreben . . . • iij'*^
By this village is a great monasterye called Benedictenpeuren,
verie rich in possessions. A league from hense we begin to enter
into the hilles of the Alpes, where we ascended a verie highe
hille, and the wagon was drawen upp by force of horses with much
difficultie.
A From thense to Waltsee [Walchensee] . . iij'^
This village is so called by the name of the lague that it
standethe uppon. The lague is 725 faddom diepe, which
th'inhabitants affirm hathe bine proved within the memorie of mann.
Yt is compassed abowt with hige hilles on all sides. In the
loo4] OF THOMAS DOBY 113
hie way betwext this and Laingreben we cam by another lague
called Kochelsee, not so deepe but much broder.
A 29 From thense to Mitten wait, Lion . • ij^°
All this way is full of great hie firr trees, wherof finding on
lijnge uppon the ground we found him to bee Ix yardes in lengthe
of good tymber ; verie straight and thicke.
This belongethe to the Bisshoppe of Frizerr, which holdeth of
the Duke. Here cummeth in the hie waye from Auspurg into
Italie. All along the valley here runnethe the river that passeth
Miniken, which hath his beginning at Lovaccia, iij leagues
farther of.
A From thense to Seefelt . . . . • iij'°
It is so named because there is a litle small lague by it.
Before we arrive here we pass through a sluce of the King of
Romanes called Klausen, which seperatethe the Duk's land, called
Nyder Bayern, from the countie of Tirol, which is the King's.
1 9 30 From thense to Innspruk,^ Hans Frelick . iij^*^
This is a litle towne and well built, and it is the heade towne
of Tirol. It standethe uppon the river of Syene,^ which hath his
beginning at a place in Swicerland called Engeting, and goith
into the Danubius at Passau with a swift streame. In the same
hill the Rhine in Germanie, and the Adice in Italie, have their
first beginning also. Three leagues from hence are certain silver
mines at a place called Swatz, belonging to diverse, as the King of
Romanes, the Bisshoppe of Saltsburg, the Folkers, etc., and within
a league of yt is Halla, where abundance of salt is dailie made.
Abowt the toune are dyverse mines of yron and other metalles,
whiche from thense are convayed (for their perfection) into sundrie
partes of Europe. For Insspruck stuff is much sett by in all
places as well as for armor as for all other things of mettall.
There were in the palaice here, called the castle, sixe of the
King of Romanes' dawghters —
Magdalena, of the age of xxiiij.
' ' There is a place without the towne where are 32 brass imags, the pictures
of certain of the House of Austria, a marvelous peece of work' (side-note in MS.).
^ Now known as the Inn.
VOL. X. (h) I
114 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1554
Leonora, of the age of xxij.
Margarita, of the age of xx.
Barbara, of the age of xv.
Helena, of the age of xj.
Joanna, of the age of vij.
My brother went thither to visit them, and was browght to their
presence by on Geronimo, Baron of Sprincestain, a counsellar of the
King's.
The Ladie Margaret he sawe not, for that she was somwhat
yll at ease and kept her chambre. Besides these vi he hathe
other iij, on married to the Bake of Bavire, an other to the Duke
of Cleve, and the third to the King of Polonia, which was maried
to Frauncs, the yong Duke of Mantua, that was drowned. The
King was first maried to the King of Romanes' eldest dawghter,
that died.
A From Insspruck to Matra, Egle . . . iij^^
) 31 ,, thense to Stertzin, Grifin . . . iiij'"
Betwext Matra and Stertzin there is a monument ^ graven in
brass with an inscription signifijnge how th'Emperor Charles the
V*'', after his coronation at Bolonia [Bolognia] in the yere of xxx,
cumming owt of Italie, was there mett by King Ferdinando, his
brother.
In the middle waye there is the beginning of a river called
Prenerpach, which fallethe downe from a hie hill, and we folowe
the course of yt untill we cumm to Trent. And on the other
side beginnethe a litle river that runnethe into the Sieue benethe
Inspruck.
6 From thense to Prixen iiij^^
The Cardinall of Trent is Bishoppe of this towne, and they
hold of him under the King, paing unto him their custommes.
Here the river is called Eysackh.
) 32 From thense to Klausen, Lambe . . . ij'®
' Imp. CiES. Carolo V. p. f. Aug. ex Hispaniis Italiaque susceptis Imperiali-
bus coronis aduenienti et Ferdinando Hungar. BoemiiBque regi e Pannoniis
occurrenti optimis Principibus ad perpetuam publicae Iffititiae memoriam quod
fratres ante an. VIII. digress! summis inter mortales honoribus regnis triumphis
aucti, hoc in loco salui sospitesque conuenerunt Anno Salutis MDXXX, Frid.
Franzius a monte Muco stenaci Prsefect. mandate regio f . c.
1354] OF THOMAS HOBY 115
Here the river is named Bocer.
A From thense to Culman . . . • j'^
9 33 ,, „ ,, Botzen or Botzan, Golden
Egle iijie
This is a pretie towne, compassed abowt with hilles, and the
litle vale abowt it is verie frutefull with vines and sundrie kindes
of frutes :
A From thense to Niuenmarke .... iij'^
A „ „ „ Salorn jie
Here the river is called Eiche [Etsch].
A From thense to San Michael . . . j^^
9 34 „ „ „ Trento, Rose . . . iji«
Here the river is called TAdice, and goith from hense to
Verona. This towne is in the countie of Tirollo, and is in the
Cardinalle's government under the King. Wherin the Cardinall
hath a faire castle. In this towne they speake for the most part
Italian, and manie Dutch, which as they differ in language so do
they varie in fasshions and maners.
A From thense to Pergini, Egle .... v™'
Here we cumm to the Italian miles, after we pass Trent, and
leave the Dutch leagues, with v miles to the league.
A From thense to Lievigo ..... v*^^
Betwext Pergini and Lievigo we ride by the side of a lague
called Lago di San Ohristofano. This lague hath his yssue
owt into an other lesser, owt of the which the river of Brenta,
that goith by Padoa, hath his heade. And by this river's side we
ride untill we cumm to Bassano.
) From thense to Al Borgo .... viij™^
A „ ,, ,, Castelnovo . . . ij^^i
A 35 ,, ,, ,, Grigno, Lion . . . vij"^^
A ,, ,, ,, Scala .... v"^'
This village of Scala belongethe to the Venetians.
From thense to Covolo . . . . . j™'
This is a straight passage and narrowe betwext the hill and
I 2
IIG A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1554
the river, where is a custome house belonging to the King of
Romanes.
Here is a dwelling-place on hige within the rocke, unto the
which menu and victell, or what so ever is needfull for their use, is
wound up by a corde with a windless, and likewise cummethe downe
by the same. Within this house in the rocke runnethe a great
spring of water, which cummeth down the hill with great abund-
ance.
A From thense to Sismon [Cismon] . . ij'"'
Here the Venetians have custome paid them of all such as
travaile to and fro.
A From thense to Carpinea . . • vj™'
9 36 „ „ „ Bassano, Angel . . vj*"'
Somwhat before we cumm to the towne we leave the mountain es
called Alpes and enter into a brode plaine countrey, full of frutes,
vines, and corn.
9 From thense to Cittadella . . . viij""^
,, ,, ,, the passage over the Brenta ix'^'
A „ ,, ,, Limina .... ij""^
0 S7 „ ,, „ Padova, Sunn . . . vj'"^
We arrived in Padova the xxiij*^ of the moneth of August,
where as we mett with Sir Thomas Wroth/ Sir Jhon Cteeke,^
Sir Henry Nevell,^ Sir Jhon Cutts, Mr. Bartye/ Mr. Taumworth,
with iij of Sir Anthonie Denie's sonnes, Mr. Henry Cornwallis,
Mr. Jhon Ashley, Mr. Drurye, Mr. Henry Kingsmell, Mr. Windam,
' Sir Thos. Wroth (1516-1573), of Enfield, Middx., escaped from England in
fear of arrest as being connected with Suffolk's second rising (D.N.B.). A learned
gentleman of Edw. VI. 's court. See Strype, Ecc. Mem.
2 Sir John Cheke, born 1514, tutor to Ed. VI., Professor of Greek at
Camb., Sec. of State. Committed to Tower on Mary's accession, but discharged
1554 with royal license to travel. (D.N.B.)
^ Sir Henry Neville, of Billingbear, Berks, a gentleman of the Privy Chamber
to Edward VI. Knighted 1551.
' Mr. Bartye, probably Mr. Eiehard Bertie, who married, in 1552, Katherine,
widow of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk. They were both exiles on account of
religious views. Foxe gives an account of their adventures in his Acts and Momc-
ments. See p. 124, infra.
15o4] OF THOMAS HOBY 117
Mr. Eoger Carewe, and Matliew, his brother, Mr. Brooke, Mr.
Orphinstrange, with dyverse other. And shortlie after here arrived
Sir Anthonye Cooke. ^ Besides all these here I found Mr. Thomas
Fitzwilliams, whom in fore time I had left in Fraunce, whose studie
and industrie in obtayning of vertuous knowlege hathe spred
abrode a worthie fame of it self. And indede it was no small con-
tentation of mind imto me to find him here, whose unfayned
frendshipp I had alwais tasted of in sundrie places, and now
receaved the frutes of the same.
A Journey to Mantua.
The xxi*'' of October my brother, Mr. Wroth, Mr. Cooke, and
Mr. Cheeke, with .their companies, sett forwardes toward this
journey as folowethe :
) From Padova to Moncelise . . . x™*
) 1 From thense to Este . . . . v™^
Owt of this towne had the house of Este that are Duks of Ferrara
his origin.
) From thense to Montagnana . . . x"^
d ,, » „ Lignago .... viij""!
This towne is divided in the middle with the great river of
Adice. The first side of the towne we cumm into is communlie
called Porto, and the other side over the river Lignago : well
fortified on bothe sides with square boulwards, lowe after the new
fasshion, and withowt flankers. It standethe in a plaine, as all the
rest of the countreye abowt.
A 2 From thense to Sanguinea [Sanguinetto] . x"^
A „ „ „ Muradiga .... vii^^^
) „ ,, „ Castellare .... j^^
This belongeth to the Duke of Mantua. Betwext Muradiga
and this towne there is a place called Fossa, which with a small
• Sir Ant. Cooke, of Gidea Hall, Essex (1504-1576), a man of very great
learning, tutor to Edward VI., Knight of the Bath. He was committed to the Tower
on suspicion of complicity in Lady Jane's movement. He married Anne, daughter
of Sir Will. Fitzwilliam, and was father-in-law to Thos. Hoby.
118 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1554
distance dividethe the Venetians' countrey from the Duk's of
Mantua.
2^3 From thense to Mantua, Sonn . . . x*"*
Here we understoode that fewe dayes before our arrivall the
Marquess of Pescara (being sent by the King of England to take
possession of the realm of Naples for him) had, with great
triumphe, maried the Duk's syster as he passed by this towne
towardes Naples.
Here we vewed diligentlie the strong site of the towne, com-
passed abo\vt with the lague and marrisshes, and fortified in the
weakest places verie stronglie with boulwarks and rampares.
We were ledd abowt to the Duk's palaces, and sawe the grotta
where the old Dutchess' jewelles are, with sundrie faire antiquities
worthie to be seene. By yond the bridge of the milles towardes
Porta Nova there is Virgilius' heade in stone sett uppon the toppe
of a marble pillar, with this inscription on the pillar —
Mantuae genium in P. Virgilio
Marone cive suo veneramur.
Marius -^quicola Poetee,
D.
After two dayes' abode in Mantua we sett forwardes toward
Ferrara along bye the Po.
From Mantua (passing by Governo, where the
river Meltio [Mincio], that cummethe by
Mantua, entrethe into the Po, and by
Saravalla, uppon the Po) to Ostia, Castle . xviij™'
Throwghe Ostia is the throwgfare from Fraunce, Germanie,
Grisland, and other countreys into the rest of Italy. On the other
side of the Po, over against Ostia, there is a pretie towne called
River [Revere].
) A From Ostia [Ostiglia] to Melara . . iij""'
A From thense alonge by the Po side to the
passage over the Po called Porto del Palan-
ton ........ xvij™'
Before we cumm to this passage we may discern the Po to
divide into two partes. The on arm goethe hard by the walles of
1554] OF THOMAS HOBY 119
Ferrara, and the other that we passed over cummethe within iij
miles of the towne, and entreth into the seea in ij sundrie places.
And whoso will go by water the next way to Venice takethe his
bote in that part of the Po that we passed over, at Francolini.
1^5 From thense to Ferrara, Angel . . . x""'
This towne is well ditched on everie side and stronglie fortified with
great walles and mounts, and not withowt cause counted on of the
strongest in Italye. On the other side of the Po that cummethe
under the walles of the towne is the yland of Belvedere, where
the Duk's house of pleaser is, with sundrie divises for water, and
where salt is made.
From thense to the passage over the Po at the
ferie called Ponte Vescura [Pontelagoscuro] iij"*'
From thense to the passage over the on part of
the Adice at Villa xi^^^
Somwhat before we cumm to this passage we entre into the
Venetians' dominions.
6 6 From thense to Eovigo, Sonn . . . vj*"^
This is an old towne and hath a bisshoppe over it. Throughe
it runnethe a litle river that cummethe owt of the Adice.
A From thense to the ferie over the maine
river of the Adice, called Anguillara . vij"*
A From thense to Conselve, throwghe the
plasshes and marisshes of the Adice . vii"*'
6 From thense to Padova .... x™^
Here we arrived again the xix**^ of October.
This yere, abowt the xxviij"^ of November, were abrogated in
England by Act of Parlament all such statutes, actes, and injunc-
tions as had bine in time tofore established against the Bisshoppe
of Rome's usui^ped authoritie, and the wholl realm, by the submis-
sion of the Parlament, absolved by Cardinall Pole from their heresies
and othe taken against him in times past, by full authoritie from
him being Legatus ex latere.
The writing began the xviij*'^ of November I ended the ix*'^ of
Februarie folowinge.
120 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1555
1555.
Pope July the Third died the xxi*'' of Marclie, and in his rowme
succeaded Cardinall di Santa Croce, called by name Marcellus the
Second, not chaunginge his name, as other Popes had done in fore-
time ; who going abowt spedilie to bring to pass sundrie reforma-
tions of abuses in the Churche, died the last day of Aprill folowing,
not withowt susspition of poyson, being made Pope onlie by the
assent of the Iraperiall Cardinalles, the Frenche Cardinalles not
being assembled. He raigned in the seate xxij dayes.
The imperiall arraie, guided by the Duke of Florence and the
Marquess of Marignano, so oppressed the citie of Siena with long
siege and sore assalts, that for want of vittualles to hold owt enie
longer yelded uppe into the Emperor's hands in the monethe of
Aprill ^ by composition.
The ix*"^ of Maye Sir Jhon Cutts departed owt of this woorlde
at Venice of a pleurisie, as it is judged.
The XXV was created Pope Cardinall Theatin, commonlie called
Cheti, of. the familie of Caraffa in Naples, of whom Viscount
Montacute and the Bisshoppe of Elye '^ had audience on the King
and Queue's Majesty's behalf for the restitution of England again
to owr holie mother, the Churche of Roome.
The xij**^ of June my Lord of Bedfort arrived in Padoa, and Sir
Anthonye Cooke departed towards Germanie.
In the monethe of July Sir Anthonye Browne, Vicount
Montague, returned by Padoa from Eoome, and the Bisshoppe of
Ely arrived at Venice in his jorney towards England again, where
my brother went to see him.
The xv*^ of July my brother departed owt of Padoa towardes
the Baynes of Caldero, besides Verona.
After xxij dayes abodd at Caldero, to take the water, we
departed thense in cumpanie with Mr. Wrothe and Mr. Cheeke,
who were then cumm from Padoa, for that the plague, that was
ceased before owr cumming from thense, begann again to en-
crease.
We taried a while at Verona, as well to see the towne as the
countrey abowt, and the lague called Lago di Garda, xv miles from
Verona, at Lazize, and xv miles from thense all the breadeth of
the lague which stretchethe to the towne of Salo, uppon the
' ' The xvijth of Aprill ' (side-note in MS.). ^ Tbos. Thirlby.
1555] OF THOMAS HOBY 121
lagne's side, all which coost of the lague is called Riviera di Salo,
marvelouslie besett with citron trees, orenges, and lymones, verie
plesant to behold.
From the towne of Salo we returned backe again to Peschera,
xviij miles, which is a towne situated in the marisshes on the
lague's side, newlie begonn to be marvelouslie fortified by the
Venetians.
Throwghe this towne owt of the lague runnethe the river
Meltio, that goith to Mantoa, in the which river are taken verie
good trowts, and great yeles that at certain times (as Pliny
writeth) gather themselves into clustres, and after the shape of
round balles tumble owt of the lague down the river, on knitt
within an other.
This lague is in length xxxv miles, in breadethe in on place
XV miles, in compass above an hundrethe, and in deepethe in
most places ij and iij hundrethe fadom. Within the lague is verie
good fishe, as trowts, yeles, pickerelles, tenches, and carpioni,
which (as the inhabitants say) feede npon the mines of gold and
sylver that are in the lague. Onse this is true there are no
excrements in the bellie of them, as in other fisshes ; and this
kind of fishe, they say, is found no where elles but onlie in this
lague.
My Brother's Jornef owt of Italy.
6 From Padoa to Vicenza, Peacock . . xviij'"'
A From thense to Caldero .... xxij™'
6 „ ,, ,, Yerona, Canalletto . . viij™'
Throwghe this citie runnethe the Adice, that passes by Trento.
A From thense to Volarni [Volargno] . . xij""'
A „ ,, ,, Chiusa .... ij™'
) „ „ „ Borghetto .... x"''
A mile or ij before we cumm to this towne we entre into
Tyroll, the King of Romanes' countrey.
) From thense to Rovere [Rovereto] . . xv"'
^ „ „ „ Trento .... ^ij""'
From thense to Innsprucke, Minichen, and Auspurg, as in owr
jorney into Italy, where we arrived the 28'^'' August.
122 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [1656
Here we found the King of Romanes^' with the Archduke
Charles, his youngest sonn, at the Diet (which had continued long
before), bothe for the uniting of Germanie in religion and for
aiding th'Eniperor and the King against the commune ennemie,
the truce being now expired.
The princs that were at this Diet, by their agents and not on
in person, stoode exceading much upon their religion, which was
the onlie point and stay therof, bearing in mind the Diet had at
Passa by the King and the Duke Maurice, and the conclusions
there agreede upon, bothe in the Emperor's and in the Empire's
behalf, as in the yere 1552.
Here, the first of September, my brother spake with the King,
who gave him gentle audience. In this diet was entreated also
by the stats of th'Einpire that Protestants shuld be intermedled
with the rest of the Chamber of th'Empire, to th'entent that all
shuld not consist in the Papists' hands onlie, concerning rule and
government towching the astate of th'ole Empire.
Also that the bando imperial to banishe and exile within the
precint of th'Empire, and to confiscat their goodes that trespase,
shuld not be withowt the authoritie and consent of the Princs
Electors ; least for everie trifling cause of displeaser menu shuld
be banisshed owt of th'Empire.
It was furthermore decreed that enie parson, of what condition
soever he be of, that will forsake Poperie and becum a Protestant
shuld depart owt of the countrey he dwellethe in, in saftie with
his goodes and lyving, to remaine where he lustethe within the
Empire, and in this decree was contayned the King's own
countrey of Austria, and belongethe as well to prests as to the
laytie, saving that priests shall not enjoye their stipend and
revenue yf they forsake their pristhood, but onlie their movables.
The xxvi of September the Diet ended with an oration made
by the King for a small conclusion of the same unto the stats
there assembled in the towne house after the maner.
And the first day of Marche the princs themselves promised
to meet the King at Ratisbona at an other Diet for farther matters
at the King's request, who the day after his oration made de-
parted owt of the citie of Auspurg towards Inspruck, there to
remaine during this wynter.
' ' He cam hither the 29 of December, 1554 ' (side-note in MS.)
1555] OF THOMAS HOBY 123
The last of September my brother departed owt of Auspurg and
made his jorney by Ulm, Esling [Esslingen], Stutcard, and Spire.
) From Spire to Overson [Oggersheim ?] , . iij''^
This is the Palsgrave of the Rhyne his towne, latlie burnt and
now building.
(J From thens to Woormes, White Swann . . iij^®
y „ ,, „ Oppenheim, Crowne . . iiij'®
This towne dothe belong unto the Palsgrave, but is possessed
presentlie of th'Empire, for certain interests betwext the Palsgrave
and th'Empire.
$ From thens to Mentz, Wild Mann . . . iij^^
Marquess Albert entring into the citie, spoiled and burnt the
Bisshoppe's palaice, with certain abbayes and monasteries bothe
within and withowt the citie.
From this citie certain of us went to see the citie of Franck-
ford, iiij leagues along the ryver of Mene, that runnethe by yt,
and entrethe into the Ryne on the other side of Mentz. In
Franckford were Mr. Jhon Hales/ Mr. Thomas Ashley, Mr. J.
Cope, Mr. Sutton, Mr. Whitehead,^ pastor, Jhon Bale, Turner^ of
Wyndsore, and dyvers other men and womenn to the number of
on hundrethe, whiche had there a churche graunted them to
preache in.
Here, in Mentz, we tooke bote to go downe the Rhyne into
Brabant.
9 1 From Mentz to Binge [Bingen] . . . iiij'®
) „ thense to Bachrach . . . . ij'^
In this towne of the Palsgrave's were the Lantsgrave of Hess
and the Erie of Nassaw, attending for the arrivall of the Palsgrave,
the Duke of Cleve, the Duke of Wirtenberg, and manie other
' Mr. John Hales, of Coventry, son of Thomas Hales, of Hales Place, Halden,
Kent. Miss Lamond, in her edition of .4 Discourse of the Comvion Weal of this
Realm of England, ascribes the authorship of the work to him. The Christopher
Hales mentioned on p. 6 was probably his brother. Cf. the elaborate note on
Hales, by Mr. I. S. Leadam, Trans. Roy. Hist. Soc. N.S. vol. xi. p. 116.
^ Dr. David Whitehead, an exile on account of religious views in 1555. Pastor
of the English congregation at Frankfort (Strype).
' Eichard Turner, a Protestant divine, Prebend of Windsor 1551 and Vicar of
Dartford. (D.N.B.)
124 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF (l5S5
princs that had appointed an assemblie here together for a concord
and agrement to be had betwext the Lantsgrave and the Erie of
Nassaw, concerning certain lands in controversie betwext them.
Benethe Bachrache in the middle of the Rhyne, uppon a litle
rock, standeth a house called Pfalz, wherof the Pfalzgrave of the
Rhyne takethe his name.
e
2 From Bachrach to Coulens [Coblentz],
Hel-
^
met ......
viji^
$
3 From Coulens to Collen, Wildman
xiiji^
9
,, Collen to Disteldorf .
ymle
)
,, thense to Kaiserswert
il«
)
4 „ „ „ Ursy [Orsoy] .
iiijl^
0
,, ,, ., Wesel
ij^^
Here cummethe a diepe ryver into the Ryne, called the Lappa
[Lippe]. In this towne lay my Lady of Suffolke ^ with her
husband, newlye browght a bedd of a boye. The towne is in
Clevland, a free towne and under the protection of the Duke of
Cleve.
6 5 From thense to Emmere [Emmerich], Crowne iiij^^
A league from this towne within the land standethe the Duke's
chef towne, called Clef, wherof the land taketh his name.
A mile from Emmere downe the Rhyne standethe a house
called Toll house, wheras custom is paid for the Emperor, the
Duke of Gelderland, and the Duke of Cleve, everie on his severall
custom. At this custom are iij townes in Gelderland free— Tiel,
Bomar, and Numegen. At this toll house we leave the maine river
of the Rine on the right hand and enter into a braunch of it called
the Wall, whiche never meete again. And here we entre into the
land of Berg.
6 From Emmere to Numegen .... iij'^
This is the chief towne of Gelderland, and in yt are ij customes,
those for the Duke, and th'other for the towne.
3 G From thense to Tiele, Pellican . . . iiij^<=
' Catharine, widow of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, Baroness Willoughby
d'Eresby in her own right; born at Parham, Suffolk, 1519 ; married, 1552, Richard
Bertie (see p. 116). The boy mentioned here was born October 12, 1555, and
named Peregrine {Complete Peerage, G.E.C.).
looo]
OF THOMAS HOBY
125
A league from this towne the Mose and the Wall meete bothe
in on, and at a village called Her wart [Heerwaarden], less than an
English mile from the place where th'on cnmmeth into th'other,
they depart again, eche of them his owne waye. And from thense
we cam downe the Mose (leaving the Wall on the right hand)
the space of two leagues, where we entred into a great ditche that
browght us against the streame owt of the Mose iinto Hertzogen-
buss, a league in lengthe, which is on of the cheffest townes in
Brabant.
6 From Tiel to Hertzogenbuss, Host . . . iiij'*^
Here we sold owr bote and rod by land to Antwerpe.
As we cam downe the Rhine we passed manie custom houses,
where all bottes of marchandises, nppon paine of deathe, must pay
their custome and toll, and are from Mentz downward xxj.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
19
First at Bing for the Bisshopp of Mentz.
At Bacrach ,, ,, Palsgrave.
Cause, over against Pfalz, for the Palsgrave.
Gewere
Pubbart
Losta
Ingers
Bunn ^
Aldernach
Lintz.
Zontz
Disteldorf
Kayserswert
Ursy
Burick
Emere
Tollhouse
for the Lantsgrave.
Bisshoppe of Trier.
Bisshopp of Mentz.
,, Collen.
citie of Collen.
Duke of Cleve.
B. of Collen.
Duke of Cleve.
Gelderland,
th'Emperor, and the Duke of Cleve.
21 ,, Numegen for the Duke and the citie.
) From Hertzogenbuss to Tylberg
9 From thense to Holstrat [Hoogstraten] .
$ 5, ,, „ Antwerp ....
niji
If Bonn is meant here it should have been put between Linz and Zontz.
126 A BOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF [15.55
After ix dayes' abode in this citie we departed from thense
to Brusselles, where the Erie of Devonshire was taking his journey
toward Italy, and the Lord Hastings into England.
Abowt Allhaloutide Mr, Michel Blount, Mr. Skid more, Kemis,
and I departed from Antwerp toward England. From London I
went to Evesham/ and there lay a season, untill my brother cam
thither.
This yere died the Bisshopp of Winchester, Stepan Gardiner,
Chaunceler of England ; and great persecution there was for
G odd's Woorde.
The Bisshoppe of Canterbury,^ Riddley, and Latimer were burnt
at Oxford, and manie at London.
1556,
Abowt Candlemas cam my brother to London out of Flaunders,
and shortlie after tooke his journey into Worcestershire ; at his
departure thens I went with him to Bissham, which was at Easter.
This yere were Peckham, John Throgmorton, Daniell, and
certain other hanged for treason.
In the Whiteson weeke I returned to Evesham, where the
Bisshopp of Worcester cam shortlie after in visitation to set up
imags, etc.
1557.
In Lent I cam to Bissham, there to continew. At Midsommer
cam to Bissham Sir William Cecill, my Lady Bourn, my Lady
Cecill, with her sister, Elizabeth Cooke. Immediatlie after their
departure thens tooke my brother his journey toward Evesham, and
from thens to Bathe, I remained at home to see his new building
go forward.^
Upon Christmas Day I fell sick of a burning fever, which helde
me till Twelf Day.
' At Evesham was an estate belonging to Sir Philip Hoby.
^ Thomas Cranmer, burnt March 2, 1555.
^ The ' new building ' to which reference is here made was not completed till
1561. It no doubt included most of the Tudor work on the north and south of the
Hall. In the Tapestry Eoom, south of the Hall, the arms of Thomas Hoby,
impaled with those of his wife, are carved over the fireplace.
1558] OF THOMAS HOBY 127
1558.
Upon Twelfday was Calice lost, where they within were taken
prisoners, and Sir Anthony Aucher, Knight Marshall, slaine with
his eldest sonn, Jhon.
The xviij of Aprill my brother Philipp went from Bissham to
London, there to seek the aide of phisitions, where he made his
last will and testament, and made disposition of all his lands and
goodds.
The xi of Maij I came to London, being sent for to set my
hand to a recognisance, and retourned again the xiij, taking my
way by Wimblton, where I communed with M''^ Elizabeth Cook
in the way of mariage.
Whitesonday, the xxix of May, departed my brother out of this
lief to a better, at iij a clock in the morning, leaving his executors,
Sir William Cecill, Sir Richard Blount, and me, who took upon me
after the will ^ was proved the administration of his gooddes.
The ix'*^ day of June he was buried at Bissham, being conveyed
thither by water.
Monday the xxvij of June, the mariage was made and solem-
nised betweene me and Elizabeth Cooke, daughter of Sir Anthony
Cooke, knight. The same day was also her syster Margaret, the
Queue's maide, maried to Sir Rauf Rowlet, knight, who shortlie
after departed out of this lief.
The rest of this sommer my wief and I passed at Burleighe, in
N orth am pton shire .
At Michelmas was 1 at the findinge of my brother's office at
Worcester. From thens I retourned to London, where I founde
m}^ wief newly retourned out of Northamptonshire.
The xvij of Novembre died Quene Mary betweene vj and vij of
the clock in the morning, and betwene ix and x was proclaimed at
Westminster the Lady Elizabeth, Quene of England, France, and
Ireland. The same day died Cardinall Poole, betwene vij and viij
at night, who had brought up all poperie again in England.
This yere died also Charles the V''^, Emperor, and in his place
was elected Ferdinando, his brother.
Upon Christmas Day fell I sick of a sore plewrisie.
' Philip Hoby's will is dated May 1, and proved July 2, 1558, in the Prero-
gative Court (Noodes, 34), and is a lengthy but interesting document.
128 A BOOKE OF THE TKAVAILE AND LIEF [1559
lo59.
This yeei- cam to the Court ]\Ions*' Monmerency, the Constable's
eldest sonn, to confirm the peac betwene England and France.
The Queene was visited with sundrie messagers from great
princs, as th'Emperor, the King of Suevia,' and divers other.
The viii day of July I came to Bissham with ray wief, there to
remaine.
The ix day of August I entred into a siknes that continued
upon me the space of iij weeks.
The xij of November mj^ wief went from Bissham to London,
and there continued iij weeks in phisicke for her great belly,
which was supposed to have bine a timpanie or dropsie.
1560.
The XX day of March was my wief, at midnight, delivered of
a boy, being Wenesday.
The iiij*'' of Aprill he was christened and named Edward.
Godfathers and godmother were the Lord Windesore, the Lord
Darcie, and the Lady Williams of Ricot.
The xiij day of Maij my brother Richard maried.
The iiij of June was Sir Nicholas Bakon, Lord Keeper of the
Greate Seale, and Sir Anthony Cooke, my father in law, at
Bissham.
The XXV day of August died my Lady Hoby, late wief to my
brother Sir Philip Hoby.
The XXX of the same the justics of the shire meat the Queene
at Bagshot, comming toward Windsore.
The viij day of September dined at Bissham the Lord
Marques of Northampton, the Erles of Arundell and Hertford, the
Lord Cobhara, the Lord Henry Seimer, Sir Roger Northe, the
Lady Katharin Grey, Lady Jane Seimer, the Lady Cecill, M'"^
Blaunch Apparry, M'"* Mannsfeld, the Queene's maids.
The XX of the same I departed toward Evesham and taried
there xv dales.
The V of November I removed from Bissham to London, and
there remained xiij weeks.
' Probably Eric, king elect of Sweden, who proposed to marry Queen Elizabetli.
1560] OF THOMAS HORY 129
There continewed for vj weeks in the Deane of Powle's house,
sent from the Lords of Scotland, the Lord James Duglas, Erie of
Moorton, the Ijord Alexander Keningham [Cunningham], Erie of
Glen Kerne [Glencairn], and the Lord William Matland of
Ludington [Leithington], with an honorable traine, emong other
things, to be as suters for the Erie of Arrane to the Queen's
Majestie. At which time died the yonge French King, the
Scottishe Queene's husband.
All this yere there was great susspicion of warres betwene
Fraunce and England, bicause of the sieg of Lyth [Leitli] against
the French in Scotland, and the taking of the same, but after the
French King's death this suspicion ceased.
This yeere was the turret built in Bissham.
1561.
The iiij da}' of June Powle's steple and the churche set on
fire and burnt with lightning.
This yere were the new lodgings finished at Bissham.
1562.
The xxvij day of Maij was my wief delivered of a wenche
betwene vj and vij of the clocke, at afternoone.
The xxxj of Maij she was christened and named Elizabethe.
Godmothers and godfather were the Lady Frauncs Gresham, the
Lady Elizabeth Nevell, and Mr. Jhon Doylie, Esquier.
This yere were the garden and orchard planted at Bissham,
and the gallery made with noble men's armes, etc.
1563.
This yeere was the water bronght in lead from Puddings ^ to
the house, and the fountain placed in the garden at Bissham.
' In the particulars for Weldon's lease there is mentioned 'one grove and
pasture called Podyngs conteyning by estimaeion ' ' xv acres,' and next to it on
the list is ' le More,' containing 6 acres. Aug. Off. Misc. Bks. 185, 57.
VOL. X. (h) K
130 A HOOKE OF THE TRAVAILE AND LIEF OF THOMAS HOBY [1564]
1564.
Kepairiug of outhouses and barnes beyond the stable.
The xvj^" day of November was Anne borne about vij of the
clock at nij^ht.
Christened the xix*'' of the same, Mr. Deane of Westminster ^
being godfather, Mr. Thomas ^J^hi-ogmorton's wief and her aunt
Katharin Cooke godmothers.
' Gabriel Goodman, S.T.P.
GENERAL INDEX
Place names are in italics. The Pedigree at p. xvi is referred to as ' cht.
AsBEyiLLE, 67, 74, 77, 93
AbeU, Jo., 3, 4, 6
Abergavenny, lord, 60
Acerra, 35
Acheron, river, 41
Acquapendente, 22
Adderhicry , cht.
Adige, the, 13, 115, 119
^tna, Mt., 43, 46
Africa, 50
Ajello, 42
Alava, Don Fran, de, 19, 22
Albec, 7, 111
Alby, bishop of, 93
Aldernach. See Andernach
Alen. See Hallein
Alexander, Nieb., 67
Alezen. See Alzey
All, 45 j
Allen, Chr., 8, 18
Allington Castle, 4 i
Altomonte, 40 [
Alva, duke of, and the gunfounder at
Innsbruck, 80
Alzey, 107
Anialfi, 53, 54
Amalfi, duke of, 19
Amboise, 68, 72
Ambugny (Aubigny ?), Monsr., 86, 92
Amiens, 67, 77, 88
Ancenis, 68, 72
Andernach, 106, 125
Andrea Doria, 49 ; in collusion with
Dragout, 51
Andreas, Jacobus, 110
Angelo, Giov. See Montorsoli
Angelo, Mich., 24
Anger, 72
Angouleme, due d', 85
Anguien. See Enghien
Anguillara, 119
Anjou, king Ren6 of, 90
Anne of Cleves, 64, 97
Annebaut, admiral, 87
Antenor, his tomb at Padua, 9
Antwerp, 3, 64, 104, 125
Aparr, lord W. See Northampton,
marquis of
Apparry, Blaunch, 128
Apxdia, 35, 56
Ardfert, dean of, cht.
Argentine, 6
Arienzo, 35
Armour made at Innsbruck, 113
Arran, earl of, 129
Arras, bishop of, 94, 105
Artois, 89
Arundel, earl of, 96, 128
Arundel, Jo., 8, 61
Arundel, sir Thos., beheaded, 76
Arwenack, 11
Ascham, Eog., 4 ; his opinion of Thos.
Hoby, xi
Ashley, Jo., 116
Ashley, Thos., 67, 123
Asperg, 108
Astura, river, 59
Ateno, 38
Aubigny, d'. See Ambugny
Aueher, sir Ant., 64, 77, 104 ; slain at
Calais, 127
Aueher, Jo., slain at Calais, 6, 127
Augsburg, 7, 62, 63, 82, 109, 111, 121 ;
Council of Empire at, 63 ; Diet of, 6,
122 ; duke of Saxony enters, 79
Augsburg, cardinal of, 13
Auletta, 38
Aumale, due d', 68, 83, 86
Averno, 30, 34
Aversa, 34
Avington, cht.
Aynchming. See Ensming
K 2
132
GENERAL INDEX
Baarle, 04
fhiccano, 23
Bacharach, (J3, 123-125
Bacliraghc. See Bacharach
Bacon, sir Nieh., 128
Baden, marquis of, 107
Badoero, Fider., 13
Badsey, cht.
Baia, 30 ; arches in sea near, 32 ; ruins
at, 32 ; description of, 33 ; baths at,
33
Bale, Jo., 123
Bamberg, bishop of, 84
Bando Imperial, the, 122
Banished men, 36, 53
Barbarossa, Fred., 110
Barbarossa, Khair-ed Din, 44
Barbist. See Banvies
Barclay, sir Maurice, 97
Barker, Mr., 21, 25, 52, 01
Barker, Will., 19
Barklet. See Barclay
Barletta, 51
Bartye, Mr. See Bertie, Eich.
Banvies, 7
Bassano, 8, 62, 115, 116
Battle of Sievershausen, 84, 95
Bavaria, duke of, 5, 7, 81, 114
Bavire. See Bavaria
Beauger, Madame de, 88
Bedford, earl of, 97, 103, 120
Beef, marquis of. See Elboeuf
Bellay, card., 93
Belvedere, 119
Benevento, 35
Bertie, Peregrine, 124
Bertie, Rich., 124
Besford, co. Wore, 8
Beuf. See Elbceuf
Biberach, 109
Biez, Mons. du, imprisoned, 73
Bigg, Magdalen, cht.
Bigg, Thomas, cht.
Bing. See Bingen
Bingen, 123, 125
Biondo, 25
Bischeini, 6
Bisham, 126, 128, xvii, xviii, xxii, cht.
barns and outhouses at, 130 ; buildin;
at,xii, 126; buildings at, finished, 129
estate at, bought by sir Ph. Hoby, xii
fountain made at, 129 ; gallery
made at, 129 ; garden and orchard
planted at, 129; stables at, 130;
turret built at, 129 ; water laid on to
house, 129
Bisshont, G
Blangii, 93
Blois, 68, 72, 75
Blount, Mich., 126
Blount, Ric, 104
Blount, sir Rich., 127
Bohemia, king of, 5, 63
Bois-le-Duc, 64
Boissy, Monsr. de, 80
Bologna, 17, 61, 114
Bolsena, 22, 61
Bonamicus, Laz., 8 ; birthplace of, C2
Bonaventura, M. Raub., 109
Bonn, 63, 106, 125
Bopfingen, 109
Boppard, 125
Borghetto, 121
Borgo, 8, 115
Borio, Anibale, 17
Borle. See Baarle
Bosco del Pellegrino, 39
Botzen, 8, 115
Bouillon, Godfrey de, 90
Boulogne, 67, 74, 77 ; yielded to France,
64
Bourbon, Chas., duke of, tomb of, 27
Bourbon, duke of, 88
Bourbon, House of, 88
Bourchier, Jo., 6
Bourn, lady, 126
Boxwell, Harding, 24
Boysy. See Boissy
Brandenburg, Albert, marquis of, 5, 78,
95, 110, 123 ; negotiates with French
king, 79 ; quarrels with duke
Maurice, 81 ; escapes from French
king, 83 ; joins emperor, 84
Brandon, Chas., duke of Suffolk, 116,
124
Brass images of House of Austria, 113
Bray, John, lord, 65, 66
Brcamore, cht.
Brennerbach, 114
Brentius, Jo., 109
Brefcuil, 07, 77
Brett, 98
Bretten, 63, 108
Brissac, Monsr., 80
Brixen, 7, 114
Brooke, Mr., 117
Brown, sir Ant., 90, 120
Browne, lady, 77
GENERAL INDEX
133
Bruchsall, 108
Bruck, 111
Brtiges, 3, 93, 104
Brunswick, duke of, 105
Brussels, 93, 94, 104, 126
Bucer, Martin, 4 ; his answer to bishop
of Winchester, 5 ; preaches against
'Interim,' 6; in England, 65; death
of, 4
Buchy, 93
Buderich, 125
Bullduke. See Bois-lc-Duc
Bunn. See Boiui
Buonarotti, Mich. Ang., 24
Buoncmivento, 22
Buren, Monsr. de, 87
Burgundy, Charles, duke of, 90
Burich. See Buderich
Burleigh, 127
Burn. See Buren
Burwaye, 3
Busento, river, 41, 42
Bustard, Eliz., cht.
C^L^Bfiw, journey through, 40-44; fer-
tility of, 56
Calais, 3, 77, 93, 104, 131 ; taken by
French, 127; English flag fired on at,
xiii
Caldiero, baths of, 120, 121
Caligula, emperor, 32
Calloo (?), 104
Cambridge, x, xi, 4, 65
Camerino, duke of, 24
Campania. See Terra de Lavoro
Canaples, Monsr. de, 87
Caniolus, 8
Cannstatt, 7, 63, 108
Capistrano, marquis of, 19, 24, 53
Capo de Ferro, card., 94
Capo de Minerva, 52
Capri, 52
Capua, 34
Cardona, Ant., 38
Cardona, lady Mary, 38
Carew, Alex,, 73
Carew, Mat., 117
Carew, Eog., 117
Carew, Thos., 67
Carey, Henry, 66
Cariati, count of, 40
Carinthia, 80
Caro, Fran., 77
Carpane, 8, 116
Carpinea. See Carpane
Carrari, 62
Castelfranco, 8, 62
Castellaro, 117
Casfellone, 58
Castelluccio, 39
Castel Mare, 52
Castel Niiovo, 8, 39, 115
Castiglione, count Baldesar, 78
Castro Villare, 40
Catania, 45
Catona, 44
Caub, 125
Caicdine Forks, 35
Caidue, 104
CaiLse. See Caub
Cava, 37
Cecil, lady, 126, 128
Cecil, sir Will., 74, 126-128, xxii
Chaloner, sir Thos., 93, 96
Chamberlain, sir Thos., 105
Chambord, 72
Chambray. See Chambord
Charles V., emperor, 4 ; at Augsburg,
62 ; retreats to Villach, 80 ; sues lor
peace, 81 ; raises siege of Metz, 83 ;
illness of, 94 ; interview with Hoby,
94 ; appearance of, in 1553, 94 ; goes
to Namur, 105 ; monument in brass
to, 114 ; death of, 127
Charles the Great, tomb of, 41
Charles IX. See France, kings of
Chartres, 67, 73
Charybdis, 50
Chastillon, admiral, 93
Chastillon, card, of, 69-71, 93
Chastillon, Monsr., 68, 86
Chdteaubriant, 68, 70
Cheke, sir Jo., x, xi, 75, 116, 117, 120
Chester, herald at arms, 67, 69
Cheti, 120
Cheyney, sir Thos., 96
Chioggia, 61
Chiusa, 121
Christopherson, 24
Cicero, 31, 59
Cicignana. See Sicignano
Circello, Mt. {Circeo), 26, 59
Cismon, 8, 116
Cittadella, 116
Clark, Mr., 67
Clarke, Anne, cht.
Clere, Edw., 19
Clermont, 67, 74
134
GENERAL INDEX
Cleve, duke of, 63, 106, 123, 124
Clinton, lord, 77
Coast (cost), to, 39, 72
Cobham, George, lord, 65, 128
Cobham, Jo., 6
Cobham, Thos., 07
Cobham, sir W., 66
Coblenz, 63, 107, 109, 124
Colain. See Cologne
Collen. See Cologne
Colmar, 109
Cologne, 63, 106, 109, 124
Cologne, archbishop of, 5
Colonna, Ascanio, 21
Colonna, Fabricio, 22
Compiigtie, 61
Congia, earl of, 38
Conselve, 119
Constable of France, the, 69-71, 93
Cooke, sir Ant., cht., 11, 74, 117, 120,
128
Cooke, Cath., 130
Cooke, Elizabeth, cht., 126, 127
Cooke, Margaret, 127
Cope, J., 123
Coppinger, death of sir Ralph, 73
Coral, 52
Coma, Ascanio della, 95
Cornish wrestlers, 72
Cornwallis, Hen., 116
Coronation, ceremonies at queen
Mary's, 96
Corsiale, 8
Cosenza, 41, 42
Cossington, cht.
Cotton, Jo., 8
Cotton, sir Ric, 77
Courtney, lord, 96
Courton, Monsr. de, 87
' Courtyer, The,' by count BaldesarCas-
tiglione, 78, xi
Covelens. See Coblenz
Covolo, 115
Cowling Castle, 65
Cranmer, Thos., condemned, 97 ; burnt,
126
Crare, a, 64
Crati, river, 41, 42
Creguison. See Crequi
Creitznach. See Kreuznach
Cremcra, river, 23
Crequi, Monsr. de, 87
Cripps, Mr., 96
Crispio, cardinal, 71
Cromwell, death of lord, 73
Culman. See Kollman
Cuma, 34
Cunningham, lord Alex., 129
Custom houses, 124, 125
Cutts, sir Jo., 66, 116, 120
Cuy. See Ecouis
Cymimis, Locus, 22
Dakyns, Mary, cht.
Dandino, cardinal, 94
Daniel, 67, 126
Danube, the, 111, 112
Danvers, Cath., cht.
Darey, sir Arthur, 75
Darell, Mr., 104
Dartford, 64
Dasipodius, 4
Dauphin, the, 85
Delia Torre family, their feud with
Soveragnani, 15
Delia Torre, Francesco, tortured, 16
Dehnal. See Aumale, due d'
Denemurs, Monsr. See Nemours
Denis, sir Maurice, 77
Denny, sir Ant., sons of, 116
Desse (Esse, d' ?), Monsr., 87
Dethick, sir G., 66. See Garter king
Devon, earl of, 96, 98, 126
Devonshire, earl of. See Devon
Diano, Valle cli, 38
Diet of Augsburg, 122
Diet of Passau, 81
Dinant, 105
Dinkelsbiihl, 109
Dionysius Halicarnassus, 30
Dodington, Ann, cht.
Dodington, Cath., cht.
Donauioorth, 109
Doria, Andrea, 49, 51 ; goes to Africa,
57
Dorset, marquis of, cr. duke of Suff., 74
Double horse, a, 71
Douglas, lord James, 129
Dover, 64, 74, 77, 131, xiii
D'Oyly, Jo., 129
Dragout Rais, 50, 51
Drury, Mr., 116
Dudley, sir And., 91, 77
Dudley, Jane. See Grey, lady Jane
Dunkerqm', 3, 104
Durf (Urf^ d' ?), Monsr., 87
Duringen, 5
Dilsseldorf, 63, 124, 125
UElSfiRAL INDEX
135
Eboli, 38
Ecloive, 104
Ecouis, 93
Edward VI., 64, 75 ; at Hampton Court,
74 ; proposed marriage of, 75 ; death
of, 95
Elbauf, Monsr., 86, 92
Electors of the Empire, Hst of, 5
Elizabeth, queen, 98 ; proclaimed, 127 ;
meets justices at Bagshot, 128 ;
maids of, 128 ; earl of Arran suitor to,
129 ; letter from, to lady Hoby, xxi
Ellis, John, 19
Ellis's Letters, xxii
Ely, bishop of (Goodrich), 66, 69, 73
(Thirlby), 120
Emmere. See Emmerich
Emmerich, 124, 125
Engadin, the, 113
Engers, 125
Enghien, comtesse d', 89 ; due d', 85, 92
England, rebellion in, 1549, 21 ; ab-
solved from heresies, 119
English ambassador, 6, 8, 69, 93
Ensming, 3
EsJier, 74, 75
Esse, baron d' (Desse), 87
Esslingen, 109, 110, 123
Estampes. See Etampes
Este, 117
Este, d', Don Franc, 37, 38 ; children
of Hercules, 17
Etampes, 67, 73
Etampes, Monsieur, 86
Ettlingen, 6
Euganeus, Mons, 9
Evers, lord (Yvers), 66
Evesham, 126, 128
Exeter, marquis of, 97
Fagius, Padl0s, 4
Falconbridge. See Valkenburg
Farnese, Alessandro, 21 ; cardinal, 2'J, 93
Farnese, Horatio, duke of Camerino
24 ; marriage of, 91
Farnese, Octavio, duke of Parma, 24, 76
Farnese, Pier Alois, 76
Faunus, Lucius, 25
Feckenham, in conversation with lady
Jane Grey, 98
Ferdinand, emperor, 127, 128. Sa
Eomans, king of
Ferenzuoio, 18
Fermour, Oath., cht.
Ferrandin, duke of, killed, 14
Perrara, 11, 17, 61, 119
Ferrara, cardinal of, 24
Ferrara, duke of, 13, 37, 86, 89
Ferrara, prince of, 86, 92
Fietze, 7, 80
Filpott, 24
Finito, river, 41
Fish in Lago di Garda, 121
Fish in the Mincio, 121
Fitz Walter, viscount, 66
Fitz Williams, Hugh, 132
Fitz Williams, Thomas, 8, 117
Fitz Williams, WiUiam, 66
Fiumara del Muro, 43 -,
Flanders, 89
Flanders, regent of. See Hungary,
queen of
Fleare, Mr., 67
Fleetwood, Will., cht.
Florence, description of, 18
Florence, duke of, 13, 18, 120
Foist, a, 27
Folkers, the, 7, 111, 113
Fondi, 58
Forduu, Cath., cht.
Fortiguerra, Laud., 19
Fortzon. See Pforzheim
Fossa, 117
Foster, Cath., cht.
France, kings of, Charles the Great, 41 ;
Charles IX., 133; Francis I., 89;
Francis II., death of, 129 ; Henry II.,
68 ; state entry into Nantes, 70, 71 ;
made K.G., 69 ; claim to Milan and
Savoy, 89, 92 ; queen of Henry II.,
92 ; Lewis XII., 89
France, law of descent of lands in, 91
Francis I. and Francis II. See Franco,
kings of
Francolino, 61, 119
Frankfurt, 109 ; English church at, 123
Frawzen, 107
Free cities of the empire, list of, 109
Freinsheim (?), 107
Friedburg, 109, 111
Fringar, Lucas, 67
Friuli, 14
Fugger. See Folker
Fimdi. See Fondi
Filssen. See Fietze
Gaktj, 27
Gaillard, Chateau, 77
136
GENERAL INDEX
Galeazzo, Giovan., duke of Milan, 89
Gallego, Zuan, 19
Gardano, Vallc di, 35
Gardiner, Stephen, 5 ; death of, 126
Garigliano, river, 57
Garter king of arms, 60, 09
Garter, Order of, Henry II. of France
made K.G., 69
Gats, sir Henry, 97 ; sir Jo., 97
Geinsbruke. See Giimburg
Geislingcn, 110
Gelderland, duke of, 124, 125
Gengenbach, 109
Gentz. See Giintz
Gewere. See St. Goar
Giustiniani family, 14
Glencairn, earl of, 129
Gonzaga, Ferd., 11, 105
Goodman, Gab., 130
Goodrich, Thos. Sec Ely, bishop of
Goodioin Sands, 64
Goppingen, 7; baths at, 110
Goslar, 109
Governo, 118
Grand Prieur de France, 86
Grati. See Crati
Gravelines, 3, 104
Gravesend, 74, 131
Gravines, duke of, 28
Gray, lord, 103
Gray's Inn, 19
Greenway. See Grinwaye
Greemvich, 64, 65
Gresbam, lady Fra., 129
Grey, lady Cath., 101, 128
Grey, lady Jane, 95 ; condemned, 97 ; exe-
cuted, 103 ; her dialogue with Feck-
enham, 98 ; exhortation to her sister,
101 ; her words on the scaffold, 102
Grigno, 8, 115
Grinwaye, Thos., 19, 52, 54, 57
Grisland, 118
Grisley, Mr., 67
Grotta di Sibilla, 34
Guiche, Monsieur de, 87
Guidot, sir Ant., 06
Guilford, lord, 97 ; executed, 103
Guiscardi, Eobt., 35
Guise, duchess of, 88, 89
Guise, duke of, 10, 86
GulicJi. See Jillich
Gunfounder at Innsbruck, 80
Giintz, the. 111
GUnzburg, 7, 111
Hackbutts a ckoke, 56
Hackioood, cht.
Hagenau, 109
Hainaidt, 89
Halbec. See Albcc
Hales, Chr., 6, 123
Hales, Jo., 123
Hall, 113
Hall, Mr., 67
Hall, Schiudbisch, 109
Hallein {?), 109
Hamerting. See Heimerdingen
Hampton Court, 75 ; King Edward at,
74
Hampton, Mr., 63
Handford, Jo., 8, 52, 54
Hannibal, 12, 34, 42 ; bust of, 45
Hartman, Gallus, 109
Harvel, Edm., 8 ; burial of, 61
Harvie, Mr., 96
Hastings, Jo., 8
Hastings, lord, 126
Haylpi-unn. See Heilbronn
Heerwaarden, 125
Heilbronn, 109
Heimerdingen, 7
Henry II. See France, kings of
Heralds. See Chester, Garter, Norroy,
Rouge Dragon, Somerset
Herbert, sir W., cr. earl of Pembroke, 74
Herbrothes, the, 111
Hertford, earl of, 128
Hertogenbosch, 04, 125
Hesdin, 88, 94
Hesse, Philip, landgrave of, 78, 80, 104,
123 ; taken prisoner, 4 ; guns marked
with his arms, 80 ; set at liberty by
Charles V., 82
Hill, Eich., 6
Hinde, Fran., 67
Hoby, account of family of, viii ; pedi-
gree of, cht., xvi
Hoby, Ann, cht.
Hoby, Anne, birth of, 130, cht.
Hoby, Anthony, cht.
Hoby, Barbara, cht.
Hoby, Cath., cht.
Hoby, lady Catherine, cht.
Hoby, sir Edward, birth of, 128, cht.
Hoby, Elizabeth, birth of, 129, cht.
Hoby, Elizabeth, cht. ; marriage of, 127 ;
goes to London, 128 ; travelling ex-
penses of, xix
Hoby, Giles, cht.
GENERAL INDEX
137
Hoby, John, cht.
Hoby, sir John, cht.
Hoby, lady Margaix't, cht.
Hoby, lady Margaret, cht.
Hoby, Mary, cht.
Hoby, Peregrine, cht.
Hoby, lady (widow of Philip), death of,
128
Hoby, Ph. (of Neath Abbey), cht.
Hoby, sir Philip, cht. ; account of, ix. 5 ;
ambassador at Augsburg, 6 ; sends for
his brother, 61 ; his train embark on
Rhine, 63 ; arrives in England, 64 ;
goes to France in commission (1551)
to Hen. II., 66 ; return to England,
73 ; his present from French king,
73 ; custodian of the Tower, 75 ; his
financial mission to Flanders, 76 ;
ambassador to emperor, 93 ; super-
seded (1553) by bishop of Norwich,
96 ; his present from the Emperor,
96 ; appointed to conduct Philip of
Spain to England, but superseded,
97 ; gets leave to travel, 103 ; starts
for Italy, 103 ; audience with lady
regent of Flanders, 104 ; visits
daughters of king of Eomans at Inns-
bruck, 114 ; takes the baths at
Caldiero, 120 ; leaves Italy, 121 ;
interviews king of Eomans, 122 ;
goes down the Rhine, 123 ; returns to
England (1555), 126 ; goes to Bath,
126 ; goes to London, 127 ; death of,
127 ; burial of, 127 ; his epitaph, xv ;
letter from, to Cecil, xxii
Hoby, Rev. sir Philip, cht.
Hoby, Richard, cht. ; marriage of, 128
Hoby, sir Thomas, cht. ; memoir of, x ;
leaves London (1547), 3 ; at Stras-
burg, 4 ; translates Bucer's treatise,
5 ; leaves Strasburg, 6 ; his first
journey to Italy, 7 ; at Venice, 13 ; sees
entry of Philip II. into Mantua, 11;
returns to Padua and Venice, 13 ;
at Padua, 17; leaves Venice, 17 ; his
journey into Tuscany, 17 ; dines with
governor of Siena, 19 ; leaves Siena,
22 ; arrives at Rome, 23 ; leaves
Rome, 26 ; sails to Naples, 26 ; his
journey to Sicily, 37-47 ; from Syra-
cuse to Naples, 50-55 ; entertained by
marq. Capistrano, 34 ; leaves Naples,
57 ; at Rome, 60 ; at Siena, 61 ; leaves
Venice for Augsburg, 62 ; journey from
I Augsburg to London, 63-64; translates
' Tragedy of Free Will,' 63 ; enters ser-
vice of marquis Northampton, 65,
and goes with the commission to
French king (1551), 66-74 ; has a
quartan agiie, 75 ; goes to Paris, 77 ;
to Rouen, 78 ; translates the ' Cour-
tisan,' 78 ; his journey from Paris to
Brussels, 93 ; returns to England, 96 ;
his journey to Italy, 103-115 ; at Cal-
diero, 120 ; returns to England (1555),
121-126 ; ill of fever, 126 ; marriage
of, 127 ; ill with pleurisy, 127 ; stays
in London (1560), 128; ill at Bisham,
128 ; death of, xv, xix ; date of burial
of, xxi ; epitaph of, xv ; queen Eliza-
beth's estimate of him. xxi
Hoby, Will., 76, cht.
Hoby-Mill, sir John, cht.
Hodgkins, Alice, cht.
Holstrat. See Hoogstraten
Hoogstraten, 125
Horsey, Edward, 67
Horsley, 77
Horswell, Ann, cht.
Humanday. Sec Humauldaye
Humauldaye, Monsr. de, 87
Hungary, queen of, lady regent of
Flanders, 62 ; entertains English
commission, 96
Hunsdon, lord, 66, cht.
Hunting the boar, 72
Images set up in Worcestershire, 126
Ingamnawght, 6
Ingers. See Engers
Inn, the, 113
Innsbruck, 7, 62, 80, 113, 121; gun-
founder at, 81
Inscriptions, vi ; Padua, 9 ; Mantua,
11, 118 ; Benevento, 36 ; Cosenza,
41 ; Messina, 45 ; Mola, 58 ; Paris,
91; Matrey, 114
' Interim,' the, 6, 7
Iron mines, 113
Isar, tlie, 112
Ischia, 27, 55
Isley, sir Hen., 98
Isnij, 109
Itabj, 7-62, 114-121 ; MS. on state of, v
James, Monse. de, 87
Jarnac, Monsr. de, 87
Jewel House, master of, 64
138
GENERAL INDEX
Jubilee year at Rome, GO
.Tiigge, Rich., 5
Jillich, 10(5
KAish.RWKRTii, 64,124, 125
Kaufbeurcn, 109
Kcniis, 126
Kevipten, 109
Killigrew, Cath., 11
Killigiew, Hen., 11
Killigrew, John, 11
Kingsmell, Henry, 78, IKi
Kirkham, Mr., 67
Klaiisen, 7, 113, 114
Knevett, 98
Knolles, Hen., 67
Kodielsee, 113
Kollman, 7, 115
Konigswinter, 63, 106
Kreuznach, 107
Eyselbach, 107
Laoo di Agnano, 31
Lago di Garcia, 120
Lago di S. Christofano, 115
Lago Negro, 39
L'Aielo. See Ajello
Laingreben, 112
Laino, 39
La Isola, 23
Lamoncl, Miss, 123
Landgrave. See Hesse
Landsberg, 7
La Polla, 38
Larges, Monsr. de, 87
Latimer, Hugh, bishop of Worcester,
burnt, 126
Latomise at Siracuse, 49
Lauria, 39
Lauso, river {Lao), 39
Lautrec, Monsr. de, 91
Lazise, 120
Leadam, I. S., 123
Leith, siege of, 129
Leithiiigton, 129
Lentini, 47
Leominster, cht.
Les Andelys, 77
Levant, the, 44
Lever, Thomas, 67
Levico, 8, 115
Lewis, XII., 89
Lignago, 117
Lindau, 109
Linz, 125
Lipari, 52
Lisle, viscount, 66
Lister, Mr., 67
Livy, T., 30; bust of, at Padua, 9;
quoted, 35
Loiano, 17
London, 131 ; Tower of, 3
Long, Mary, cht.
Longeval, Monsr. de, 87
Longueville, due de, 86
Lorraine, Ant., due de, 90, 91 ; Claude,
due de, 90 ; duchesse de, 62 ; Franc^ois,
due de, 91 ; John, cardinal de, 69 71,
90,93
Lorraine, Lewis de, 90
Lorraine, state of, 90
Losta, 125
Louvain, 3, 105
Loys, Monsr., 85, 92
Lozans, 68
Lilbeck, 109
Lueas, Rich., 49
Lucrino, 30, 34
Lude, Monsr. de, 87
Luria. See Lauria
Lusers. See Luzarches
Lutes, beUies of, made, 7 ; strings of,
112
Luttrell, death of sir John, 73
Luxemburg, lady Mary of, 88
Luzarches, 67,17
Lyris, river, 57
Maas, tJie, 106, 125
Maastricht, 106
Maddeburg. See Magdeburg
Mfficardus, Jo., 7
Magdeburg, archbishop of, 5
Magdeburg, siege of, 64, 78; fail of, 76
Magny, 93
Magranige. See Markgrvningen
Mainz, 63, 82, 123
Mainz, archbishop of, 5
Maitland, Lord Will., 129
Maklines, 104
Malghera, 8, 62
Malta, galleys from, 49
Mandersett, count, 106
Manfredonia, 56
Manna, 54 ; account of, 41
Mansfield, Mrs., 128
Mantel], 98
Mantes, 77
GENERAL INDEX
139
Mantua, duke of, 118
Mantua, entry of Philip II. at, 11 ;
inscriptions at, 12, 118
Manuscript of autobiography, account
of, V
Marck, Monsr. cle la, 86
Marcus Antonius, 59
Mar den, 76
Margcra. See Malghera
Marignano, marquis, 120
Marino, 60
Markgroningen, 108
Marlow, cht.
Marmerol, duke of, 13
Martial, quoted, 59
Martian, 25
Martyr, Peter, 4 ; at Oxford, 65
Mary, queen of England, coronation of,
96 ; married to Philip, 111 ; death of, j
127
Mary, queen of Scots, 71, 129
Maryhurg, 105
Mase. See Maas
Maskerie, a, at Venice, 13 ; at Murano,
14
Mason, sir Jo., 66, 69, 73, 104
Matrey, 7, 114
Maugiron, Monsr. de, 87
Maximilian, king of Bohemia, 5, 63
Mechelburg. See Mecklenburg
Mecklenburg, duke of, 78, 80 ; slain, 82
Mechlin. See Maklines
Medici, Cosmo dei, 18
Meissen, marquis of, 5
Melanchthon, Ph., 108
Melara, 118
Melazzo, 51
Meltio. See Mincio
Memmingen, 109
Mendoza, Don Diego, 19, 24, 61 ; sup-
ports cardinal Pole, 26
Mendoza, Don Juan di, 14
Mendoza, Monsr., 67, 73, 74
Merdon, 76
Mervyn. Sec Murphin
Messina, 44, 49
Mestre, 62
Metz, 3, 92, 109 ; taken by French, 78,
82
Meysson. See Meissen
Middleton, Thos., 67
Milan, the state of, 89
Milhazisen. See Millhausen
Mill, Eliz., cht.
Mincio, the, 13, 118, 121
Minn, Nich., 67
Minore, 53
Minturna:, General Council at, 57
Mirandula taken by French, 78
Missendcn, Little, cht.
Mittemvald, 113
Mala, 58
Molines Castle, 88
Mollere, 38
Monastery of San Lorenzo di Padula, 39
Mondragone, 57
Mongibello. See ^tna
Montacute, viscount, 120
Montagna, 117
Montalcino, siege of, 95
Montcelise, 117
Monte di Somma. See Vesuvius
Monte, cardinal Giov. Mar. di, 60
Montefiascon, 22
Monteleoni, 43
Monte Rose, 22
Montesano, 39
Montmorency, Monsr., 86, 87, 128
Montorsoli, Giov. Agnolo, 45
Montpensier, due de, 85
Montpensier, House of, 88
Montreuil, 67, 74, 77, 93
Monument in brass to Chas. V. and his
brother, 114
Morano, 40
Morisin, Chas., 104
Morisiu, sir Bich., 63, 94, 96
Morison. See Morisin
Morton, earl of, 129
Mose. See Maas
Millhausen, 109
Munich, 112, 121
Murculiga, 117
Murano, duke of Ferrandin killed at, 14
Murano, maskerie at, 14
Murphin, Edw., 11, 24
Namoues. See Nemours
Namur, 105
Nantes, 68, 72 ; state entry of Henry II.
at, 70
Nanteuil, count de, 87
Nanteur. See Nanteuil
Naples, description of, 28, 56, 57
Naples, pier at, 28 ; ' seggi ' at, 28
Nassau, earl of, 123
Navarre, king of, 87 ; heiress of, 88 ;
queen of, 133
140
GENERAL. INDEX
Neath Abbey, cht.
Neckar, tlie, 108, 109
Nemours, due de, 71, 85, 90, 92
Nerva, emp., arch of, 36
Nctiviarkt, 8, 115
Nevers, due de, ■ 6, 92
Neville, lady Eliz., 129
Neville, sir Hen., 116
Nice, 90
Nieuport, 3, 104
Nijvierien, 64, 124, 125
Nocera, 37, 38, 53
Noia, Don Ferr. della, 105
Nola, 36
Noi-dhausen, 109
Nordlingen, 109
Norfolk, duke of, 96
Norroy, hei'ald, 96
North, sir Eoger, 128
Northampton, marquis of, 63, 65, 70, 71,
76, 77, 128 ; sent in commission to
Hen. II., 66
Northamptonshire, 127
Northumberland, duke of, 21, 74-76, 97
Norton, cht.
Norwich, bishop of (Thirlby), 93, 94, 96
Nouilly, 3
Novyliacon. See Nouilly
Nucera. See Nocera
Nuremberg, 105, 109
OccHiNus, Bern., 4
Offenburg, 109
Olchinus. See Occhinus
Oldenburg. See Oudenbourg
Olyver, Dr. John, 66, 78
Oppenlieim, 123
Orleans, 67, 72
Orleans, duke of, 85, 89
Ormond, earl of, 66, 71
Orontius, 78
Orphinn, John, 52
Orphinstrange, Mr., 117
Orsoy, 124, 125
Ostia. See Ostiglia
Ostiglia, 118
Ottringden (Kent), 64
Oudenbourg, 104
Ovid quoted, 42, 48-50
Oxford, 5, 65, 183
Padua, 8, 115, 119; lecturers at, 8;
government of, 10; Antenor's tomb
at, 9 ; plague at, 120 ; monument to
Livy at, 9
Padula, 38
Padula, marquis of, 38
Paget, lord, 96 ; degraded, 76
Paglia, 22
Palla Malla, 72
Palmer, sir Hen., 77
Palmer, sir Thos., executed, 97
Panaria, 52
Paris, 67, 73, 74, 77, 91, 93
Parker, Ehz., cht., death of, 73
Parker, Hen., 19, 21
Parker, Mr., 25, 52, 61
Parma, 76
Parma, duke of, 24
Parr. See Northampton, Marquis of
Parratt, sir Jo., 66, 96
Partridge, sir Miles, 76
Passau, Diet at, 122
Patria, 57
Paul III., death of, 21
Paulus Jovius, 37
Peckham, 126
Pedigree of Hoby famUy, facing p. xvi
Pelham, Wm., 94
Pembroke, earl of, 74
Pergine, 8, 115
Peroway. See Perwez
Persecutions in England, 126
Per-wez, 3
Pescara, marquis of, 55, 118
Peschiera, 121
Peto, Fra., 19, 24, 61
Pforzlieim, 6
Phaltz, 124
Pharos, the, at Messina, 50
Philip, king of England, 62, 118; at
Genoa, 11 ; his entry into Mantua,
11 ; married to Mary, 111 ; refused
entry at Verona, 13 ; insolency of, 13
Philpott. See Filpott
Piacenza, 76
Pickering, sir W., 66, 96 ; ambassador
at Paris, 74
Piedmont, 90
Piedmont, prince of, 94, 105
Pietola, Virgil's birthplace, 13
Pietra Bianca, 37
Pinckney, Cath., cht.
Piperno, 59
Pirates, 27, 51
Plague in the Levant, 51 ; means to
prevent spread of, 51 ; at Padua, 120
GENERAL INDEX
141
Pliny, 30, 32
Po, the, 118, 119
Podyngs. See Puddings
Poggibonsi, 18
Poissy, 77
Pola. See La Polla, 38
Pole, Eeginald, cardinal, expected to be
pope, 26 ; why not elected, 26 ; legate
at Brussels, 105 ; absolves the realm
of England, 119 ; death of, 127
Pole, sir Rich., xii, 26
Polonia, king of, 114
Ponent, tlie, 44
Pontelagoscuro, 119
Pontevescura. See Pontelagoscuro
Pontia. See Ponza
Pontius Pilate, 27
Pouts de Ci?, 68
Ponza, 27
Poole, Hen., 96
Pope, ceremony of election of, 23
Pope Julius III. elected, 60 ; death of,
120
Pope Marcellus II., election and death
of, 120
Pope Paul III., death of, 21 ; burial of,
24
Pope Paul IV., election of, 120
Popilius, 59
Porto del Palanton, 118
Poungarts, the. 111
Powlett, Eliz., cht.
Poxsie. See Poissy
Pozzuoli, 31
Prenerpach. See Brennerbach
Presents to commissioners, 73, 76, 96
Princes, definition of, in France, 85 ;
list of French (in 1552), 85
Privernum, 59
Prixen. See Brixen
Procida, 27, 56
Provence, 90
Pubbart. See Bo'ppard
Puddings, 129
Puglia. See Aptilia
QUEEXSBOROUGH, cht. ^
Bainhausex. See Rheinhausen
Ramus, 78
Rastatt, 6
Ratisbon, 122
Ravensburg, 109
Rees, 64
Rcgensburg, 109
Reggio, 44
Rcidlingcn, 109
Rene, king, 90
Rener, daughter of Lewis XII., 17
Reullerat, Monsr. de, 87
Revere, 118
Reytlingen. See Reidlingen
Rheinhausen, 63, 107
Rhine, Palsgrave of, 5, 123
Rhinegrave, count, 88
Rice, Griffith, cht.
Rich, Hugh, 67
Ridley, Nich., bishop of London, burnt,
126
Ringrave. See Rhingrave
River. See Revere
Roche du Maine, Monsr. de la, 87
Rochefort, 3
Rocheport. See Rochepot
Rochepot, Monsr. de, 86
Rochester, 64, 131
Roche-sur-Yon, prince de, 71, 85
Rogers, Will., cht.
Rohan, Monsr. de, 83
Romans, Ferdinand, king of the, 7,
62, 63, 85, 113, 114, 122
Rome, description of, 25 ; election of
pope at, 1549, 23, 24 ; churches in,
25 ; extent of, 25 ; jubilee at, (iO
Ronciglione, 22
Rosemary, 37
Rostat. See Rastatt
Rothenbtirg on Tauber, 109
Rotonda, 40
Rottiveil, 109
Rouen, 77, 78, 93, xix
Rouen, card, of, 92
Rouge Dragon, pursuivant at arms, 07
Rous, Eliz., cht.
Rous, Will., 67
Rovello, 53
Rovereto, 121
Rovigo, 119
Rowlet, sir Ralph, 127
Russell, lord, v, cht.
Rutland, earl of, Henry, 65, 66, 71
Saarwerden, 8
Sabbato, 35
Sacres, 57
Sadler, Ric, 6
St. Andre, Monsr. de, marshal of France,
68, 76, 86
142
GENERAT. INDEX
St. Angelo, card, of, 24
St. Donats, 19
St. Epure, 3
St. Goar (Gewere), 125
St. Hubert, 3
St. Leger, sir Ant., 77
St. Mau7-e sur les Fosses, xiv, xx
St. Paul's, dean of, 129
St. Pcml's steeple burnt, 129
St. Pol, comte de, 88
St. Troncl, lOG
Sala, 38
Salerno, 38, 52
Salina, 52
Salisbury, cht.
Salisbury, Margaret, countess of, xii
Sabnure. See Smimur
Salo, 120
Salt manufacture, 113
Saturn, 115
Salvi, Virginia, 19
Salviati, cardinal, 21
San Biagio, 42, 43
San Biasi. See San Biagio
San Casan, 18
San Lorenzo, 22
San Quirico, 22
Sandwich, 64
Sanguinea. See Sanguinetto
Sangidnctto, 117
Sanscurrino, Ferd. di, 37
Santa Croce, card, di, 120
Santa Maria Picdo Orotto, monastery
of, 31
Saravalla, 118
Saumur, 68, 72
Savoy, duke of, 105
Savoy, the House of, 90
Savoy, the state of, 89
Saxony, John Fred., duke of, taken pri-
soner, 4, 5 ; released, 82, 85 ; death
of, 87
Saxony, Maurice, duke of, made elector,
5, 6 ; at Venice, 13 ; besieges Magde-
burg, 64 ; takes Magdeburg, 76 ; for-
sakes the emperor, 79 ; agrees to Diet
of Passau, 81 ; slain, 84
Scafa, river, 38
Scala, 8, 115
Scala, river, 43
Scaricalasino, 17
Scarperia, 18
Schwcibisch Gmilnd, 109
ScJiivabiscli Hall, 109
Schiodbisch Werd, 109
Schineinfurt, 109
Schwenkfeld, Gaspard von, 108
Scipio, 57 ; bust of, 45
Scotland, queen of, Mary de Lorraine,
71 ; visits England, 74
Scylla, 50
See felt, 113
Selinger. See St. Leger
Seminara, 43
Senterfure. See St. Epurc
Sermoneta, 60
Settimo, river, 41
Seymour, lady Jane, 128
Seymour, lord Hen., 128
Seymour, sir Thos., beheaded, 21
Sforza, Francesco, duke of Milan, 89
Sharnitz Pass, 113
Shelley, sir Eich., 95
Sheres, Jo., 8
Shooting, 72
Shotover, cht.
Shrewsbury, earl of, 96
Sicignano, 38
Sidney, sir Hen., 74, 78, 91
Sidney, Mr., 66
Siena, 18 ; hospital and schools at, 19 ;
government of, 20 ; political parties
in, 20 ; a fortress built at, by
Spaniards, 61 ; taken by French, 78 ;
taken by Charles V., 120
Silvius, 78
Simmern, duke of, 107
Sintrur. See St. Troiul
Skidmore, 126
Since, 80, 104, 113
Smythe, sir Thos., 66 ; his present from
French king, 73
Sohverden. See Saarwerden
Somerset, duke of, deposed, 21 ; sent to
Tower, 75 ; beheaded, 76
Somerset herald, 95
Sordo, river, 41
Soverignani family, 15
Soverignani, count Jo., banished, 15 ;
murdered in Venice, 16
Speake, Geo., 8
Speire. See Spires
Spinello, 40
Spires, 82, 107, 109, 121
Spriucestain, baron of, 114
Stafford, sir Eob., 19, 24
Stanhope, sir Mich., beheaded, 76
Stauffen, 110
GENERAL INDEX
143
Steken, 3, 104
Stertzin, 7, 114
Stettin, in Pomerania, duke of, 5
Stirling, earl of, cht.
Stonor, Eliz., cht.
Straclling, Edw., 19, 35, 52, 54, 55, 57
Strange, Rog., 67
Sfrasb2irg, 3, 6, 109
Stratford, Geo., cht.
Straung, Thos., 8
Sfromboli, 43, 51, 52
Strongoli. See Stromholi
Sturmius, Jean, 4
Sturton, Mr., 67
Stuttgard, 109, 123
Styles. Eliz., cht.
Suevia, king of, 127
Suffolk, Catharine, duchess of, 124
Suffolk, death of Henry Brandon, duke
of, 73
Suffolk, Henry Grey, marq. Dorset,
created duke of, 74 ; executed, 97
Sulphur Hills, 32
Sutton, Mr., 123
Sweating sickness in England, 73
Sweden, king of, 127
Syene, the. See Inn
Symon. See Cismon
Syracuse, 47 ; description of, 48
Tandes. See Tende
Taorviina, 45
Taumworth, Mr., 116
Tavcrnillo, 18
Tende, comte de, 87
Tennis-playing, 72
Termes, Monsr. de, 87
T^rouenne, 94
Terracina, 59
Terra di Lavoro, 28 ; fertility of, 50
Tever. See Tiber
Theatin, cardinal, 120
Thirlby, Thos. See Bishop of Ely and
Norwich
Thomas, William, 4, 67, 96 ; executed,
98
Thonaiv, the. See Danube
Throgmorton, Jo., 126
Throgmorton, Mrs., 130
Throgmorton, Nich., 65, 66; knighted,
74
Tiber, the, 25, 26
Tiberius Caesar, 59
Tiel, 64, 124
Tirrell, Eliz., cht.
Tisata, 35
Toledo, Don Garzia, 29
Toledo, Don Pietro di, 29, 95
Tolomeo, Claude, 8, 61, 93
Tomitanus, 9
Tongres, 106
Tonnewert: See Donauworth
Torre Anunciata, 37, 55
Tours, 68, 72
: Toury, 67, 73
Tracy, Mary, cht.
' Tragedy of Free Will,' the, 63
Travelling expenses, Dover to Bisham,
XX ; Loudon to Paris, xx
Treves, archbishop of, 5
Treviso, 8, 62
Trey, Monsr. de, 88, 93
Trick. See Maastricht
Trient, 8, 13, 62, 115, 121 ; council at,
80, 82
Trier, 82
Tripergola, 32
Trundle, Thos., 67
Tubinga. See Tubingen
Tubingen, 109
Tunger. See Tongres
Tunis, 44, 50, 57
Turnellus, 8
Turner, Rich., 123
Tuscany, journey into, 17 ; twelve
cities of, 22
Tylberg, 125
Ukberliivge.v, 109
Ulm, 82, 109, 123
Undeley. See Les Andelys
Urbino, duke and duchess of, their
reception at Venice, 16
Urf^, d' (Durf), Monsr., 87
Ursy. See Orsoy
Vaihinohbnn, 63, 108
Valkenburg, 106
Vane, sir Ralph, hung, 76
Varney, Edw., 67
Varney, Fran., 67
Vasse, Monsr. de, 87
Vaudemont, comte de, 90, 91
Velletri, 60
Vendome, due de, 85, 88
Vendome, lords of, 88
Venice, ' maskerie ' at, 13, 14 ; count
144
GENERAL INDEX
Jo. Sovpi'ignivni murflcrcd in, 1(1 ; re-
ception of duke and duchess of
Uibino, 16 ; arsenal at, 16 ; shallow-
ness of water at, 17; ceremony of the
ring at, 17; 'buccntoro' at, 16, 17;
banquet at, 16 ; fair in Piazza S.
Marco, 16, 61, 120
Venier, Michael, 14
Vcrchdi, 3
Vernon, 77
Verona, 120, 121
Vesuus. See Vesuvins
Vesuvius, 30, 36
Viccnza, 121
Vidame de Chartres, Monsr., 87, 93
Viefro, 37
Vilfwt. See Vilvorde
Villa, 119
Villach (Villaco), 80, 82
Ville-sztr-Iron, 3
Villebon, Monsr. de, 87
Villers, comte, 87
Vilvorde, 4, 104
Virgil, quoted, 27, 35, 50,59 ; birthplace
of, 13 ; burial place of, 31 ; bust of,
118
Viterbo, 22, 61
Volargno, 121
Volcanic disturbances at ^Etna, 47 ;
near Naples, 33
Volcano, 43, 52
Volturno, Castel Mare di, 57
Vulsinentmm, Lucus, 22
Vulturno, 35
Vyherlon. See Ville-S'iir-Iron
Waal, the, 125
Walcliensee, 112
Waltsee. See Walcliensee
Wangen, 109
Warwick, earl of, 21, 60 ; created duke
of Northumberland, 74
Weissenbwg, 109
Weldon, Thos., 129
Welsers, the. 111
Wentworth, lord, 103
Wesel, 124
Westminster, dean of, 130
Wetzlar, 109
Whitehead, D., 123
Whitehorn, Peter, 19, 21, 25, 54, 01
Williams, Fra., 8, 32, 54
Williams, Harry, 7, 8
Williams of Ricot, lady, 128
Willoughby, lord, 77
Wiltshire, earl, cr. marq. of Winchester,
74
Wimbledon, 127, 134
Winchester, bishop of, 5, 75, 126
Winchester, marquis of, 74, 97
Windsheim, 109
Windsor, 123
Windsor, lord, 128
Wines, Greco, 29 ; Greco di Somma, 36 ;
Latino, 29 ; Malvoseye, 22 ; Mania-
guerra, 29 ; Necker, 108; Ehenish, 63;
liomanesco, 29 ; price of, 53 ; Torbiano
di Toscano, 18 ; Vernaccia, 29
Winter. See Konigsivin ter
Wolfratshausen, 112
WoodhaJl, Nich., cht.
Worcester-, 127
Worcester, bishop of, sets up images,
126
Worcester, earl of, 66, 71
Worms, 63, 82, 109, 123
Wotton, Dr. Nich., 93, 96
Wrestling matches, 72
Wroth, sir Thos., 116, 117, 120
Wilrtemherg, 108
Wiirtemberg, duke of, 108, 109, 123
Wiirzburg, bishop of, 84
Wyatt, sir Thos., 4, 5, 8, 65; rebellion
of, 97
Wyrardisburij, xxii
Wyndham, 116
Young, Jo., 8, 67
Fssni. See Isny
Yvers, Lord. See Evers
Zahkrx, 3
Zons, 125
Zwingfeldus. See Schwenkfeld
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